A Development and evaluation of a 3D electromagnetic field simulation tool for aviation communication engineering education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21831/jpv.v16i2.91450Keywords:
3D simulation, aviation communication, electromagnetic visualization, multimedia learning, vocational educationAbstract
This study addresses a learning gap in Aviation Communication Engineering education, where electromagnetic field concepts are highly abstract and difficult to understand through conventional teaching methods. Existing instructional media provide limited interactive and contextualized visualizations of electric and magnetic field phenomena, resulting in low levels of students’ conceptual understanding. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) methodology based on the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation) instructional design model. Subject matter experts and media experts evaluated the application in terms of content validity, interface design, and interactivity. The primary outcome was the development of a web-based three-dimensional (3D) electromagnetic field simulation to support learning in aviation communication engineering. Its effectiveness was subsequently evaluated using a quasi-experimental pre-test–post-test control-group design involving 30 students assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group used the web-based 3D simulation developed with Python and Three.js, whereas the control group received conventional instruction. Data were analyzed using paired-samples t-tests, Cohen’s d effect size, and 95% confidence intervals. The results revealed significant improvements in both groups (p < .001), with the experimental group demonstrating greater learning gains (M = 23.3; from 63.2 to 86.5; t = −73.06) than the control group (M = 11.3; from 62.8 to 74.1; t = −48.79). Effect size analysis indicated a very large educational impact (Cohen’s d ≈ 5.85), while the confidence intervals showed no overlap between groups, supporting the robustness of the observed differences. The findings suggest that 3D simulation-based learning is more effective than conventional instruction in enhancing students’ conceptual understanding of electromagnetic field concepts. The study also provides empirical support for the Cognitive Theory of Multimedia Learning and Cognitive Load Theory in the context of vocational aviation education.
References
Aiken, L. R. (1985). Three coefficients for analyzing the reliability and validity of ratings. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 45(1), 131–142. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164485451012
Ainsworth, S., Tytler, R., & Prain, V. (2020). Learning by construction of multiple representations. In Handbook of learning from multiple representations and perspectives (pp. 92–106). Routledge.
Alessi, S. M., & Trollip, S. R. (2000). Multimedia for learning: Methods and development. Allyn & Bacon, Inc.
Almasri, F. (2022). Simulations to teach science subjects: connections among students’ engagement, self-confidence, satisfaction, and learning styles. Education and Information Technologies, 27(5), 7161–7181. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-10940-w
Chiang, F.-K., Shang, X., & Qiao, L. (2022). Augmented reality in vocational training: A systematic review of research and applications. Computers in Human Behavior, 129, 107125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2021.107125
Dantic, M. J. P., & Fluraon, A. (2022). PhET interactive simulation approach in teaching electricity and magnetism among science teacher education students. Journal of Science and Education (JSE), 2(2), 88–98. https://doi.org/10.56003/jse.v2i2.101
Darman, D. R., Suhandi, A., Kaniawati, I., Samsudin, A., & Wibowo, F. C. (2024). Virtual laboratory in physics education: A systematic review. AIP Conference Proceedings, 040008. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0210640
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319–340. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008
Ely, J. (2005). Electromagnetic interference to flight navigation and communication systems: New strategies in the age of wireless. AIAA Guidance, Navigation, and Control Conference and Exhibit, 6361. https://doi.org/10.2514/6.2005-6361
Gall, M. D., Gall, J. P., & Borg, W. R. (2007). Educational research: An introduction. Pearson/Allyn & Bacon.
Gustianova, A., Nugraha, M. F., & Dewi, R. S. (2024). Pengaruh media siklar pada materi siklus air terhadap hasil belajar siswa kelas 5 SDN Rahayu Kecamatan Mangkubumi. CaXra: Jurnal Pendidikan Sekolah Dasar, 4(2), 108–113. https://doi.org/10.31980/caxra.v4i2.1328
Hake, R. R. (1998). Interactive-engagement versus traditional methods: A six-thousand-student survey of mechanics test data for introductory physics courses. American Journal of Physics, 66(1), 64–74. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.18809
Jonassen, D. H., & Rohrer-Murphy, L. (1999). Activity theory as a framework for designing constructivist learning environments. Educational Technology Research and Development, 47(1), 61–79. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02299477
Koilmo, O., Suban Hali, A., & Kameo, W. (2025). Efektivitas media pembelajaran simulasi phet terhadap kemampuan literasi digital dan hasil belajar siswa pada materi elastisitas dan hukum Hooke. MAGNETON: Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran Fisika, 3(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.30822/magneton.v3i1.3640
Lahlali, A., Chafiq, N., Radid, M., Moundy, K., & Srour, C. (2023). The effect of integrating interactive simulations on the development of students’ motivation, engagement, interaction and school results. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (IJET), 18(12), 193–207. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v18i12.39755
Leuchter, J., Bloudicek, R., Boril, J., Bajer, J., & Blasch, E. (2021). Influence of aircraft power electronics processing on backup VHF radio systems. Electronics, 10(7), 777. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10070777
Lynn, M. R. (1986). Determination and quantification of content validity. Nursing Research, 35(6), 382–386. https://doi.org/10.1097/00006199-198611000-00017
Martinez, B. L., Sweeder, R. D., VandenPlas, J. R., & Herrington, D. G. (2021). Improving conceptual understanding of gas behavior through the use of screencasts and simulations. International Journal of STEM Education, 8(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-020-00261-0
Mayer, R. E. (2009). Multimedia learning. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511811678
Michałowska, J., Pytka, J., Tofil, A., Krupski, P., & Puzio, Ł. (2021). Assessment of training aircraft crew exposure to electromagnetic fields caused by radio navigation devices. Energies, 14(1), 254. https://doi.org/10.3390/en14010254
Norman, D. (2013). The design of everyday things. Hachette UK. https://dl.icdst.org/pdfs/files4/4bb8d08a9b309df7d86e62ec4056ceef.pdf
Okuda, T., Okada, H., Naila, C. Ben, & Katayama, M. (2023). Experimental evaluation of 920 MHz band air-to-ground radio wave propagation in mountainous areas. IEICE Transactions on Communications, 106(10), 949–958. https://doi.org/10.1587/transcom.2023EBP3007
Prastya, D., & Kurniawati, I. D. (2021). Rancang bangun media pembelajaran interaktif berbasis Android pada mata pelajaran fisika. SEMNASTIK: Seminar Nasional Teknologi Informasi Dan Komunikasi, 4(1), 635–645. https://prosiding.unipma.ac.id/index.php/SENATIK/article/view/1976
Sugiyono, S. (2021). Metode penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif, dan R&D (2nd ed.). Alfabeta.
Sweller, J., Ayres, P., & Kalyuga, S. (2011). Cognitive load theory. Springer New York. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8126-4
Tuwoso, T., Putra, A. B. N. R., & Muhammad, A. K. Bin. (2021). The innovation of augmented reality learning media with interactive component model to improve special ability of vocational education knowledge in the digital era. International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (IJIM), 15(21), 188. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v15i21.24833
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Fatmawati Sabur, Heru Prasetyo, Mulyadi Nur, Kurniaty Atmia, Supriyadi Supriyadi, Devi Dwi Purwanto, Slamet Winardi, Arsyen Pratama Parrangan, Che Zalina Zulkifli
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors retain the copyright of their work and grant Jurnal Pendidikan Vokasi the right of first publication. All articles are licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-SA 4.0).
