Jurnal Ekonomi dan Pendidikan (JEP) is committed to maintaining the accuracy, transparency, and integrity of the scholarly record. Publication does not end the process of scholarly evaluation. Readers, authors, reviewers, and editors may raise questions, provide evidence, and discuss published research through appropriate channels.

This policy establishes procedures for post-publication discussion, the handling of research integrity concerns, and decisions concerning corrections, expressions of concern, and retractions. JEP follows the principles and relevant guidance of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

1. Guiding Principles

• The accuracy and integrity of the scholarly record must be protected.
• Published articles must not be changed substantially without an appropriate notice or documented editorial procedure.
• All concerns must be assessed fairly, objectively, and confidentially.
• Authors must be given an opportunity to respond to concerns before a final decision is made, where appropriate.
• Editorial decisions must be based on evidence, academic standards, and publication ethics, independently of commercial or institutional pressure.

2. Post-Publication Discussion

JEP welcomes constructive scholarly discussion concerning articles that have already been published. Readers may submit comments or questions regarding an article's theoretical framework, methodology, data, analysis, interpretation, or conclusions.

Submissions must be relevant to the published research, evidence-based, and expressed in professional and respectful language. Personal attacks, unsupported allegations, and comments unrelated to scholarly content will not be considered for publication.

When appropriate, the editorial team may invite the original authors to respond. Accepted comments and replies may be published and linked to the original article, subject to editorial assessment and the journal's publication procedures.

3. Reporting Research Integrity Concerns

Readers, authors, reviewers, and other concerned parties may report suspected errors or research misconduct to the Editor-in-Chief through the journal's official website or editorial communication channels. Reports should identify the article, describe the concern clearly, and include supporting evidence where available. Anonymous reports may be considered when they contain credible and verifiable information.

Concerns may include:

• Plagiarism, duplicate publication, or redundant publication.
• Fabrication, falsification, or manipulation of data and research results.
• Inappropriate authorship or undisclosed conflicts of interest.
• Unethical research practices or breaches of research approval requirements.
• Citation manipulation or compromised peer review.
• Inappropriate or undisclosed use of generative artificial intelligence where disclosure is required.
• Other substantial concerns affecting the reliability or integrity of a published article.

The editorial team will assess the available information objectively and may request explanations from the authors, consult independent experts, or contact the relevant institution when necessary. JEP distinguishes honest errors from deliberate misconduct and handles each case proportionately. Allegations are not treated as established misconduct without appropriate assessment.

4. Corrections

JEP may publish a correction when a significant error is identified in a published article and a formal notice is necessary to maintain the accuracy of the scholarly record. Corrections may address errors made by authors or introduced during the publication process.

Minor typographical or formatting errors that do not affect the meaning, interpretation, or citation of an article may not require a formal correction. The editorial team determines the appropriate action after assessing the nature and significance of the error.

Requests for correction should identify the article, explain the error, provide the proposed correction, and include supporting information. Requests from authors should, where applicable, confirm agreement among the co-authors.

5. Expression of Concern

An expression of concern may be published when substantial questions arise about the reliability or integrity of an article, but the available evidence is inconclusive or an investigation is ongoing. The notice will describe the concern appropriately without presenting unverified allegations as established facts.

When additional information becomes available, JEP may update the notice or take further action, including publishing a correction or retracting the article.

6. Retractions

JEP may retract a published article when its findings are unreliable because of serious errors or research misconduct, or when substantial breaches of publication ethics undermine the integrity of the scholarly record. Grounds may include fabrication, falsification, plagiarism, duplicate publication, unethical research practices, or serious peer-review manipulation.

A retraction may be initiated by the authors, the editorial team, or information received from institutions or other relevant parties. The Editor-in-Chief makes the final editorial decision after evaluating the available evidence and providing the authors with an opportunity to respond.

A retraction notice will explain the reason for the decision and be linked to the original article. The article will be clearly identified as retracted, and the notice will remain accessible to readers to preserve transparency and the integrity of the scholarly record.

7. Article Withdrawal and Removal

Authors who wish to withdraw a manuscript before publication must submit a written request explaining the reasons. Withdrawal takes effect only after confirmation by the journal. Published articles cannot be withdrawn through the ordinary manuscript withdrawal process; concerns about published articles are handled through correction, expression of concern, or retraction procedures, as appropriate.

Removal of a published article is considered only in exceptional circumstances, such as legal requirements, serious privacy or safety risks, or other compelling grounds. Where removal is necessary, JEP will seek to preserve appropriate bibliographic information and explain the action to the extent legally and ethically permissible.

8. Editorial Procedures and Appeals

All post-publication concerns are assessed according to their nature, seriousness, and supporting evidence. The editorial team may take one or more of the following actions:

• Close the case when the concern is not substantiated.
• Request clarification, supporting evidence, or additional information.
• Seek advice from independent experts or relevant institutions.
• Publish a correction or expression of concern.
• Retract an article when justified by the evidence.

Authors may respond to concerns and appeal editorial decisions by providing relevant evidence or a clear justification. Appeals will be considered fairly and independently. Cases involving possible institutional misconduct may be referred to the relevant institution, while JEP retains responsibility for decisions concerning the journal's published record.

9. Roles and Responsibilities

Authors must notify the journal when they identify significant errors in their published work, cooperate with reasonable requests for clarification, and provide relevant evidence where available.

Readers and reviewers are encouraged to raise concerns responsibly, provide supporting evidence, and use the journal's official communication channels.

Editors must assess concerns fairly and confidentially, provide authors with an opportunity to respond where appropriate, document decisions, and follow relevant publication ethics guidance.

The publisher supports editorial independence and the maintenance of an accurate scholarly record, including appropriate updates to published content and bibliographic information when necessary.