The site contains all peer-reviewed journals published by Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta.

Journals

  • Mathematics Education Review

    Mathematics Education Review (MER) is an international forum for the publication of peer-reviewed integrative review articles, thematic issues, reflections or comments on previous research or new research directions, and research-based advice for practitioners all pertaining to the field of mathematics education. The contents provide a breadth of coverage appropriate to a wide readership in mathematics education and sufficient depth to inform the most learned specialists in the discipline.

    MER ecourages submissions of both basic scholarly and applied work conducted by academics or practitioners. The publishing procedure in this journal is thourgh single-blind peer-review and applies scientific publishing ethics as determined by the COPE (Commitee on Publication Ethics).

    MER aims to publish exemplary scientific articles to disseminate new thoughts, ideas, or innovations toward a better future of mathematics education. The scope of this journal is mathematics education, broadly defined. The published article may be focused on:

    • learning, thinking, cognition, beliefs
    • curriculum, instruction, classroom practice
    • manipulative, hands-on mathematics activities
    • computer-aided, technology-based media
    • textbooks, word problems, worked-examples
    • assessment, evaluation, measurements, testings
    • educational psychology
    • educational philosophy
    • educational policies

    We recommend that you review the journal's section policies, as well as the Author Guidelines. Authors need to register with the journal prior to submitting or, if already registered, can simply log in and begin the five-step process.

    Mathematics Education Review articles are published open access under a CC BY license (Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license). Open Access articles do not require a transfer of copyright as the copyright remains with the author. The CC BY license is the most open license available and is considered the industry 'gold standard' for open access; it is also preferred by many funders. This license allows readers to copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, and to alter, transform, or build upon the material, including for commercial use, providing the original author is credited. 

    Authors are advised to check their funder's requirements before publishing articles with open access, to ensure compliance. Learn more about funder compliance and the benefits of publishing articles in open access journals.

    Submission and manuscript handling-related communication should be directed to the editorial office of the journal at the following address:

    Endah Retnowati
    Editor-in-Chief,
    Mathematics Education Review, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Jl. Colombo No.1, Sleman, Yogyakarta Indonesia, 55281.

    Submission can only be done online via https://journal.uny.ac.id/v3/index.php/mer/

  • Literature and Literacy

    Literature and Literacy (Lit&Lit) is a journal of studies in and about the literary community, published as a high-quality open-access journal. Literature and Literacy is a peer-reviewed journal devoted to the best new criticism and theory in the study of literature. Our mission is to publish various research articles on literary research and literary literacy, covering all genres of regional, local, national, and international literature with various approaches. The area of study includes modern, contemporary, classical, and children's literature, as well as literary literacy.

  • Jurnal Pendidikan Anak

    Print ISSN 2302-6804
    Online ISSN 2579-4531
    DOI Prefix 10.21831
    Publisher Department of Early Childhood Education, Faculty of Education & Psychology, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in in cooperation with in cooperation with the Perkumpulan Pengelola Jurnal PAUD (PPJ PAUD) Indonesia based on the MoU Number: 030/PPJ-PAUD/VIII/2020.
    Editor in Chief Dr. Nelva Rolina
    SINTA Score S3
    Frequency 2 (Two) Issues per year (June and December)
    Focus & Scope Jurnal Pendidikan Anak is research, study and analysis related to early childhood include; development of moral and religious values, physical motor development, emotional social development, cognitive development, language development, artistic and creative development, parenting, parenting, management institution of early childhood education, early child development assessment, child development psychology, child empowerment, learning strategy, Educational tool play, instructional media, innovation in early childhood education and various fields related to Early Childhood Education.
    OAI Address https://journal.uny.ac.id/v3/jpa/oai

    Our Journal indexed by:

          

    Supervised by:

    RJI Main logo

  • Journal of Precision Manufacturing

    Journal of Precision Manufacturing

    Manufacturing processes with high precision issues are increasingly significant in current and forthcoming technologies. Industrial competitiveness requires novel knowledge in this occupation to advance various technologies. To this end, the Journal of Precision Manufacturing (JPM) aims to disseminate relevant fundamental and applied research works of high quality to the international community through efficient and rapid publication. It, therefore, provides an outstanding forum for papers covering applications-based research topics relevant to precision product design, manufacturing process, machining process, cutting tool, machine tool design and development, measurement, jig and fixtures, and product quality evaluation.

    Each submitted manuscript will undergo a strict assessment procedure by members of the international editorial advisory board to ensure it satisfies the requirement, especially in the context of proven applications-based research work. A manuscript with only theoretical content alone cannot be accepted; papers must demonstrate a precision manufacturing application. Eventually, a high standard of excellence emerges from the published papers.

    Editor-in-chief:
    Didik Nurhadiyanto

    Editors:
    Yu-Ren Wu, Achmad Arifin, Minh-Thuan Hoang, Shukur bin Abu Hassan, Shigeyuki Haruyama, Panichkin Alexander Vladiomirovich.  View full Editorial Board

    Publishing model
    This journal will be published as open-access with two volumes a year in April and October.

  • Journal of Information Engineering and Technology (JIETY)

    Journal of Information Engineering and Technology (JIETY)

    Journal Title Journal of Information Engineering and Technology (JIETY)
    ISSN 3026-6459
    DOI Prefix Prefix - by Crossref
    Frequency Two issues per year (March & September)
    Publisher Department of Electronics and Informatics Engineering Education, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
     
    JIETY is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality scientific articles in Bahasa Indonesia in the form of research results (the main priority) and or reviews studies in the field of information technology in terms of technological development.
     
    JIETY accepts scientific articles in information technology from national and international academicians and researchers. 
     
    JIETY Editorial Team consists of editors with experience writing articles nationally and internationally (Scopus). This information is available in detail on the Editorial Team page. 
     
    JIETY has a house style consisting of a Title, Author Identity, Abstract, Keyword, Introduction, Methods, Results, Conclusion, and References. It can be accessed on the Author Guidelines page. The article is edited through the review process by at least two (2) competent reviewers. The editor-in-chief decides the accepted articles based on the editorial board's recommendation. Plagiarism screening is conducted through google scholar. This information is available in detail on the Policies page.

  • Jurnal Kurikulum, Pembelajaran, dan Asesmen

    Jurnal Kurikulum, Pembelajaran, dan Asesmen is a blind peer-reviewed journal dedicated to publishing quality research results in curriculum, learning, and assessment but not implicitly limited. All publications in the Jurnal Kurikulum, Pembelajaran, dan Asesmen are open access, allowing articles to be freely available without a subscription. Jurnal Kurikulum, Pembelajaran, dan Asesmen is professionally managed and published by the Sekolah Pascasarjana Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta in assisting academics, researchers, and practitioners in disseminating their research results.

  • Journal of Information Technology and Education

    Journal of Information Technology and Education (JITED)

    Journal of Information Technology and Education (JITED)

    Journal Title Journal of Information Technology and Education (JITED)
    ISSN 3026-6564 (Online)
    DOI Prefix Prefix - by Crossref
    Frequency Two issues per year (March & September)
    Publisher Department of Electronics and Informatics Engineering Education, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
     
    Journal of Information Technology and Education (JITED) is an Electronic Journal of Informatics Engineering Education Bachelor Study Program that contains a collection of Undergraduate Thesis Final Assignments.
     
    JITED is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality scientific articles in Bahasa Indonesia in the form of research results (the main priority) and or reviews studies in the field of information technology in terms of technological development and education.
     
    JITED accepts scientific articles in information technology from national and international academicians and researchers. 
     
    JITED Editorial Team consists of editors with experience writing articles nationally and internationally (Scopus). This information is available in detail on the Editorial Team page. 
     
    JITED has a house style consisting of a Title, Author Identity, Abstract, Keyword, Introduction, Methods, Results, Conclusion, and References. It can be accessed on the Author Guidelines page. The article is edited through the review process by at least two (2) competent reviewers. The editor-in-chief decides the accepted articles based on the editorial board's recommendation. Plagiarism screening is conducted through google scholar. This information is available in detail on the Policies page.

  • Journal of Electronics and Education (JEED)

    Journal Title JEED (Journal of Electronics and Education)
    ISSN 3026-0973 (Online)
    DOI Prefix Prefix - by Crossref
    Frequency Two issues per year (March & September)
    Publisher Department of Electronic Engineering Education, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

    Journal of Electronics and Education (JEED) is a journal that publishes high-quality scientific articles in Indonesian in the form of research results (the main priority) and or reviews studies in the fields of electronics in terms of their technological and educational development including the following fields of study: 1) Applied Electronics, 2) Vocational Education in the field of Electronics, 3) Technology in Electronics, 4) Engineering in Electronics, & 5) Electronics Learning.

  • Journal of Vocational Applied Research and Studies

    Journal of Vocational Applied Research and Studies (JVARS), published twice a year (June and December), is a multidisciplinary journal with open access which is reviewed from several campuses in Indonesia. This journal is published by the Faculty of Vocational Studies, Yogyakarta State University (UNY). JVARS aims to provide a national and international forum for academics, researchers, and professionals to share ideas.
    Period of January - June 2024 Issue has been available in the JVARS database.


    Period January - June 2024 Vol 1 No 1 Issue is published on June 2024, and the next issue period of July - December 2024 will be published on December 2024.


    The subject areas for publication in the Journal of Vocational Applied Research and Studies (JVARS) cover various fields of Engineering, Digital Business Economics, Sports Tourism, and Health.


    Authors conducting research and investigations in the areas are encouraged to submit their scientific contributions to JVARS for potential publication and dissemination of knowledge in these rapidly growing areas.

  • Journal of Robotics, Automation, and Electronics Engineering

    Journal Title Journal of Robotics, Automation and Electronics Engineering
    ISSN 3025-3780 (online) | 3025-4590 (print)
    DOI Prefix Prefix 10.21831 by Crossref
    Editor in Chief Gilang Nugraha Putu Pratama
    Publisher Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
    Frequency Two issues per year (March and September)
    Citation Analysis Sinta | Google Scholar | Garuda | Dimension

    Journal of Robotics, Automation and Electronics Engineering, published biannually (March and September), is a double-blind peer-reviewed open-access journal of the Electronic Engineering, Department of Electrical dan Electronics Engineering, Vocational Faculty, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta (UNY).

    September 2024 issue is already in the JRAEE database. 

    March 2024 Vol 2 No 2 Issue Published on 29 August 2024, and the next issue will be published on March 2025.

    Journal of Robotics, Automation, and Electronics Engineering (JRAEE) is a peer-reviewed open-access journal that is published twice a year, March and September. The scientific journal is published by Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. JRAEE aims to provide a national and international forum for academics, researchers, and professionals to share their ideas.

    Subject areas suitable for publication in the Journal of Robotics, Automation, and Electronics Engineering (JRAEE) covering various fields related to robotics, automation, electronics engineering, artificial intelligence, mechatronics, Internet of Things (IoT), ethics, and social implications include:

    • Robotics
    • Automation
    • Electronics Engineering
    • Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Robotics and Automation
    • Mechatronics
    • Internet of Things (IoT) Technology and Applications
    • Ethics and Social Implications of Robotics and Automation

    These subject areas encompass a broad range of topics in the fields of robotics, automation, electronics engineering, artificial intelligence, mechatronics, IoT, ethics, and social implications. Authors conducting research and investigations within these areas are encouraged to submit their scholarly contributions to JRAEE for potential publication and dissemination of knowledge in these rapidly evolving fields.

  • Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI)

    Print ISSN 3032-0216
    Online ISSN 3032-0194
    DOI Prefix  10.21831
    Editor in Chief Dr. Anna Rakhmawati, S.Si., M.Si.
    Publisher

    Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, in collaboration with Perhimpunan Biologi Indonesia
    Frequency 2 issues per year : April & Oktober
    Description

    Indonesian Journal of Bioscience (IJOBI) is a journal published twice yearly (April and October) by the Biology Study Program, Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. This journal publishes manuscripts of research articles and studies related to Biology, including Zoology, Botany, Genetics, Microbiology,  Ecology, and Applied Biology.

     

  • Journal of Society and Continuing Education

    Journal of Society and Continuing Education. Journal periodically published three times in January, May, and September. Contains writings raised from the results of research and critical analysis studies in the fields of:
    1. Non-formal Education
    2. Community Empowerment
    3. Social Innovation
    4. Human Resource Development
    5. Social Entrepreneurship
    6. Informal Education
    7. Internship and Training

  • Journal of Culture, Literature and Foreign Language Teaching

    Journal Title Journal of Culture, Literature, and Foreign Language Teaching
    ISSN 3046-630X
    DOI Prefix Prefix 10.21831 by Crossref
    Editor in Chief Dr. Iman Santoso
    Publisher Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
    Frequency Two issues per year (February and August)
    Citation Analysis Sinta | Google Scholar | Garuda | Dimension

    Journal of Culture, Literature, and Foreign Language Teaching is an official scientific journal of the Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It presents articles about culture, foreign language teaching and learning, linguistics, and literature. Contents include analysis, studies, applications of theories, research reports, and materials development. The Journal is published twice a year (February and August).

  • Journal of Vocational Education in Mechanical Technology

    Journal Title: Journal of Vocational Education in Mechanical Technology (JVEMTECH)

    ISSN: 2580-233X

    Editor in Chief: Aris Eko Wibowo

    Publisher: Department of Mechanical Engineering Education, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

    Frequency: March, July, & November

  • PUNAKAWAN

     

    Journal Title                Jurnal PUNAKAWAN : Publikasi Nasional Karya Pengabdian

    Initials                          PNKW

    Abbreviation               PUNAKAWAN

    Frequency                    2 issues per year (Februari & Agustus)

    ISSN                               Print: -  | Electronic: - |

    Editor-in-chief            Dr. Dra. Isroah, M.Si.

    Publisher                     Faculty of Economics and Business, UNY

    Citation                        -

    Submission Fee         Free  

    The PUNAKAWAN Journal, managed by the Faculty of Economics and Business at Yogyakarta State University (FEB UNY), is a scientific journal published twice a year, in February and August. This journal serves as a platform for lecturers, students, teachers, and general researchers to publish results from community service as well as research in the fields of economics, business, and education. Through a rigorous review process by competent peer reviewers, PUNAKAWAN ensures that each published article meets scientific standards and publication ethics, providing both scientific and practical benefits.

     

  • Journal of Culinary Technology and Education (JCTE)

    Journal Title Journal of Culinary Technology and Education
    ISSN 3063-2978 (online)
    DOI Prefix Prefix 10.21831 by Crossref
    Editor in Chief Dr. Nani Ratnaningsih, STP., MP.
    Publisher Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
    Frequency Two issues per year (June and December)
    Citation Analysis Sinta | Google Scholar | Garuda | Dimension

    Journal of Culinary Technology and Education is published by the Faculty of Engineering of Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. The Journal of Culinary Technology and Education aims to communicate the important issues, current developments, and thinking about the science, technology, and education behind food planning, preparation, processing, and service for a global consumer society. These issues relate to food management in a variety of environments that include culinary-related operations, gastronomy, food production, food product development, restaurant management, food consumption behavior, and other food service businesses. Essential issues in vocational education in the culinary field and family resilience can be published in this journal.

     

  • Journal of Automotive Technology and Education

    JATE is a peer-reviewed journal that publishes high-quality scientific articles in Indonesian in the form of research results (top priority) and/or reviews of studies in the field of automotive technology in relation to technological developments.

    JATE accepts scientific articles in the field of automotive technology from national and international academics and researchers. The JATE Editorial Team consists of editors who have experience writing articles nationally and internationally (Scopus).

    This information is available in detail on the Editorial Team page.

    JATE has a house style which consists of Title, Author's Identity, Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Method, Results, Conclusion and References. Can be accessed on the Author Guidelines page.

    Articles are edited through a review process by at least 2 (two) competent reviewers.

    The editor-in-chief decides which articles to accept based on the recommendations of the editorial board. Plagiarism filtering is carried out via Google Scholar. This information is available in detail on the Policies page.

  • Effective Efficient: Journal of Industrial Engineering (EEJIE)

    Nama Jurnal  Effective Efficient: Journal of Industrial Engineering
    Singkatan  EEJIE
    Prefix DOI -
    Akreditasi  Belum Terakreditasi SINTA
    ISSN  
    Frekuensi Terbitan  2x Setahun (Juni & Desember)
    Biaya Lihat APC
    Penerbit  Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
    Indexing Google Scholar | OneSearch | ROAD | Base

    Effective Efficient: Journal of Industrial Engineering is a peer-reviewed open-access journal. primarily centers on the exploration and enhancement of soft systems within the realm of industrial systems and engineering. Emphasizing the optimization of soft system components, EEJIE also encourages contributions that address hard systems only when they influence the optimization of soft systems. This concentration extends to diverse areas such as Production Planning and Inventory Control, Ergonomics, Work-Study, Multicriteria Decision Making, Product Design and Development, and Supply Chain and Logistics. Together, these facets form a coherent focus on the strategies, technologies, and methods aimed at managing and enhancing the various components of industrial systems.

    Before submission, please make sure that your paper is prepared using the journal paper template  Online Submissions Already have a Username/Password for Effective Efficient: Journal of Industrial Engineering ? GO TO LOGIN
    Need a Username/Password?
    GO TO REGISTRATION
    Registration and login are required to submit items online and to check the status of current submissions

  • Journal of Wellness, Complementary, and Traditional Medicine

    Journal of Wellness, Complementary, and Traditional Medicine (JWCTM)

    Journal Title Journal of Wellness, Complementary, and Traditional Medicine (JWCTM)
    ISSN XXXX-XXXX (Online)
    DOI Prefix Prefix 10.21831 by Crossref
    Frequency Two issues per year (February & August)
    Publisher Applied Undergraduate Study Program of Indonesian Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

    Journal of Wellness, Complementary, and Traditional Medicine (JWCTM) is an open access journal, published by Applied Undergraduate Study Program of Indonesian Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, which accepts original and relevant research articles in the field of traditional medicine, as well as literature studies and case reports, especially in the field of traditional medicine. Indonesian Traditional Medicine Journal is a journal that can be addressed by academics and practitioners to review the use of traditional medicine therapies using massage, herbal medicine, acupuncture and/or the application of exercise and sports therapy to improve the state of health. The journal also accepts articles related to the results of entrepreneurship in the field of traditional health.

    Articles submitted will be published twice a year in February and August.

    Journal of Wellness, Complementary, and Traditional Medicine (JWCTM) welcomes and invites researchers from all over the world to submit their papers (original research articles, systematic reviews, and case studies) for publication in this journal. All articles submitted to the editorial board will be selected through an Initial Review process by the Editorial Board. Then, the article will be sent to the peer review and will enter the next selection through the Blind Review process. After that, the article will be returned to the author for revision. These processes take a maximum of four weeks. For each manuscript, the names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.

  • Journal of Vocational Fashion and Art

  • Journal of Sport Recreation and Leisure Management

    Journal of Sport Recreation and Leisure Management

  • Journal of Applied Electrical Engineering Innovation

    Our Electrical Engineering Journal is a scientific platform devoted to high current electricity research and development, covering topics such as generation technology, energy distribution and transmission, electric power systems, and power system protection. The journal is dedicated to publishing high-caliber articles that encourage innovation and useful applications in the electric power sector, and it is run by editors, management directors, and a skilled editorial staff.

  • Journal of Applied Culinary Arts

    Journal of Applied Culinary Arts (JACA)

  • Journal of Applied Mechanical Engineering Innovation

    The Journal of Applied Mechanical Engineering Innovation (JAMEI) is a leading platform for innovative research, technological advancements, and practical applications in mechanical engineering. We aim to connect a global community of engineers, researchers, and practitioners by publishing high-quality articles on both theoretical and experimental aspects of mechanical systems.


    Published biannually in May and November, JAMEI is an open-access, peer-reviewed journal managed by the Department of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Faculty of Vocational, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta (UNY).

  • Journal of Beauty Science and Applied Cosmetology

    Journal of Beauty Science and Applied Cosmetology

  • Health Promotion and Fitness Journal

  • Journal of Applied Business and Office Administration (JABOA)

    Journal of Applied Business and Office Administration (JABOA), published twice a year (June and December), is a multidisciplinary journal with open access which is reviewed from several campuses in Indonesia. This journal is published by the Faculty of Vocational Studies, Yogyakarta State University (UNY). JABOA aims to provide a national and international forum for academics, researchers, and professionals to share ideas. Period of January - June 2024 Issue has been available in the JVARS database.

  • Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Applied Technology

    Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Applied Technology focuses on the latest developments and research in automotive engineering, mechanical systems, and applied technologies. It encompasses a wide range of topics, including vehicle design, materials, manufacturing processes, and advancements in automotive electronics and safety systems. The journal serves as a platform for researchers, engineers, and practitioners to share insights and innovations related to both theoretical and practical applications in the automotive and mechanical fields.

    Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Applied Technology, published biannually (May and November), is a double-blind peer-reviewed open-access journal of the Automotive Engineering, Department of Mechanical dan Automotive Engineering, Faculty of Vocational, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta (UNY).

  • Journal of Marketing Management Research (JMMR)

    Journal of Marketing Management Research (JMMR) published twice a year (June and November) is a multidisciplinary journal with open access. This journal is published by D4 Marketing Management, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Yogyakarta State University (UNY). JMMR aims to enrich the understanding of effective marketing practices and support the development of marketing management science with a critical and analytical scientific approach. We welcome original research articles, literature reviews, case studies, and scholarly commentaries relevant to the dynamics of the contemporary marketing world.

    The January - May 2024 Vol 1 No 1 was published in June 2024, and the next issue period of July - November 2024 will be published in December 2024.

    The journal focuses on high-quality scholarly work that explores various facets of marketing, including marketing strategy, consumer behavior, brand management, digital marketing, and the impact of technology on modern marketing practices. JMMR serves as a platform for academics, researchers, and practitioners to share insights and findings that contribute to the advancement of marketing theory and practice.

  • Journal of Applied Accounting and Taxation Research (JAATR)

    Journal of Applied Accounting and Taxation Research (JAATR)

  • Journal of Applied Civil Engineering and Practices

    Journal of Applied Civil Engineering and Practice (JACEP) is a scientific journal that functions as a means of publishing research results, case studies, technical notes, expert discussions and other contemporary problem solving that focuses on the application/implementation of research results in development and engineering in the field of civil engineering.

    The scope of this journal includes aspects:

    • Environmental engineering
    • Structural engineering
    • Geotechnics
    • Water resources
    • Transportation
    • Construction materials
    • Construction management
    • Environmental engineering.

    Journal of Applied Civil Engineering and Practice (JACEP) seeks to build a strong applied debate in the field of civil engineering research or construction in general. Articles should be highly integrated with existing and current knowledge in the field and develop explicit and novel contributions.

    Following the very rapid development in the construction world, we welcome articles on regional studies, but we encourage authors to place this research in a broader (international) context by reviewing and comparing findings from other regional studies or from other countries that allow

  • Dharma Vritta Vokasional

    Dharma Vritta Vokasional

  • Journal of Tourism Dynamics

    The Journal of Tourism Dynamics is an academic journal publishing articles focused on theory, research, and innovation in the global tourism industry. The journal serves as a platform to advance understanding across various aspects of tourism, including destination management, marketing, sustainability, culture, and technology in tourism. Each article undergoes a rigorous peer-review process to ensure high scientific quality and contribution. With a multidisciplinary approach, the journal attracts researchers, academics, and practitioners interested in exploring the challenges and opportunities in contemporary tourism.