Development of an e-commerce-based entrepreneurship training model to improve community empowerment: An innovative approach
The purpose of this study is to develop an e-commerce-based entrepreneurship training model to empower the community. The study uses a mixed-method research approach combining quantitative and qualitative Research and Development (R&D). The study population consists of 675 participants in e-commerce-based entrepreneurship training at 23 Community Learning Centers (CLCs) in Karawang Regency, West Java Province, Indonesia, all of whom were included in the study sample. The research steps were carried out as follows: preliminary study, planning, initial product development, expert validation and revision, initial product revision, large-scale product testing, final product development, model effectiveness testing, and implementation and dissemination of the e-commerce-based entrepreneurship training model for community empowerment. The results show that conventional entrepreneurship training has not significantly improved participants' skills and knowledge, leaving the community's entrepreneurial knowledge, attitudes, and skills relatively low. Therefore, an e-commerce-based training model was developed and implemented through planning, implementation, and evaluation stages. The use of the e-commerce-based training model resulted in excellent improvements among participants, particularly in their skills in utilizing e-commerce technology to start and manage online businesses, thereby supporting the research objective of improving the community's skills and knowledge in digital entrepreneurship.
Downloads
Al-Awlaqi, M. A., Aamer, A. M., & Habtoor, N. (2021). The effect of entrepreneurship training on entrepreneurial orientation: Evidence from a regression discontinuity design on micro-sized businesses. The International Journal of Management Education, 19(1), 100267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2018.11.003
Al-Kautsari, M. M. (2019). Asset-based community development: Community development strategy. Empower: Jurnal Pengembangan Masyarakat Islam, 4(2), 259. https://doi.org/10.24235/empower.v4i2.4572
Alvarado-Morán, J. M., Molina-Barzola, M. M., & Tapia-Bastidas, T. (2024). Emprendimiento en relación con la investigación, formación y vinculación, en cumplimiento de la responsabilidad social universitaria. European Public & Social Innovation Review, 9, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.31637/epsir-2024-1786
Androsova, I. G. (2020). Programs for entrepreneurs: Innovative forms and advanced technology. Journal of Advanced Research in Dynamical and Control Systems, 12(SP3), 580–587. https://doi.org/10.5373/JARDCS/V12SP3/20201295
Anwar, R. S., Ahmed, R. R., Streimikiene, D., & Streimikis, J. (2025). Cross-cultural perspectives on entrepreneurship training effectiveness: understanding the role of training duration, methodology, and expertise. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 21(1), 86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11365-025-01099-0
Asaithambi, S., Ravi, L., Devarajan, M., Almazyad, A. S., Xiong, G., & Mohamed, A. W. (2024). Enhancing enterprises trust mechanism through integrating blockchain technology into e-commerce platform for SMEs. Egyptian Informatics Journal, 25, 100444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eij.2024.100444
Awashreh, R. (2025). Breaking barriers in entrepreneurship for gender and social inclusion in marginalized communities. In Entrepreneurial Opportunities in Disadvantaged Rural Communities (pp. 23–54). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3373-0214-0.ch002
Bilal, A. R., & Fatima, T. (2022). Deliberate practice and individual entrepreneurial orientation training retention: a multi-wave field experiment. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 31(3), 352–366. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2021.1989675
Bischoff, K. M., Gielnik, M. M., & Frese, M. (2020). When capital does not matter: How entrepreneurship training buffers the negative effect of capital constraints on business creation. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 14(3), 369–395. https://doi.org/10.1002/sej.1364
Cao, Q. (2021). Study on resource sharing strategy of e-commerce innovation and entrepreneurship education based on cloud computing. Scientific Programming, 2021, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8268000
Chen, L., & Ifenthaler, D. (2023). Investigating digital entrepreneurship competence in an online practical training program. The International Journal of Management Education, 21(3), 100894. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2023.100894
Choudhary, H. (2025). From margins to mainstream: Paving the way to digital equity through digital literacy training programs. Evaluation and Program Planning, 109, 102533. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2024.102533
Cvijanović, D., Karabašević, D., Vujko, A., Vukotić, S., Popović, G., & Mirčetić, V. (2025). The future is community-led: Rethinking rural tourism sustainability through the Bregenzerwald model. Sustainability, 17(12), 5450. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17125450
Davies, C., Moos, M., & van Vuuren, J. (2023). Entrepreneurship training: Why trainee selection is as vital as training design and delivery. Acta Commercii, 23(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.4102/ac.v23i1.1134
Deirmentzoglou, G. A., Anastasopoulou, E. E., Vlassi, E., Varelas, S., & Anastasopoulos, I. (2025). International agritourism ventures and digital tools. In Integrating Simulation Tools Into Entrepreneurship Education (pp. 311–334). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-9040-5.ch015
Fan, Z., & Zhai, X. (2023). The performance improvement mechanism of cross-border e-commerce grassroots entrepreneurship empowered by the internet platform. Sustainability, 15(2), 1178. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15021178
Fatima, T., Bilal, A. R., Imran, M. K., & Sarwar, A. (2024). Individual entrepreneurial orientation training: an experimental insight into small business owner career success. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development, 31(5), 976–998. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSBED-05-2023-0226
Garaja Aliyev, A. (2022). Problems of regulation and prospective development of e-commerce systems in the post-coronavirus era. International Journal of Information Engineering and Electronic Business, 14(6), 14–26. https://doi.org/10.5815/ijieeb.2022.06.02
Habib, M. A. F. (2021). Theoretical study of community empowerment and creative economy. Journal of Islamic Tourism Halal Food Islamic Traveling and Creative Economy, 1(2), 82–110. https://doi.org/10.21274/ar-rehla.v1i2.4778
Hagebakken, G., Reimers, C., & Solstad, E. (2021). Entrepreneurship education as a strategy to build regional sustainability. Sustainability, 13(5), 2529. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052529
Hake, R. R., & Reece, J. (1999). Analyzing change/gain scores. American Educational Research Association. https://www.physics.indiana.edu/~sdi/AnalyzingChange-Gain.pdf
Harini, S., Pranitasari, D., Said, M., & Endri, E. (2023). Determinants of SME performance: Evidence from Indonesia. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 21(1), 471–481. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.21(1).2023.40
Helmi, S., Setyadi, B., Wedadjati, R. S., AM, M. A., & Yahya, N. (2025). Digital literacy model to improve the marketing skills of MSME women with a community-based educational approach. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi, 9(1), 313–322. https://doi.org/10.22437/jiituj.v9i1.32670
Ho, S.-C., & Chen, J.-L. (2023). Developing the e-commerce competency for entrepreneurship education from a gamified competition. The International Journal of Management Education, 21(1), 100737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2022.100737
Huang, L., Xie, G., Huang, R., Li, G., Cai, W., & Apostolidis, C. (2021). Electronic commerce for sustainable rural development: Exploring the factors influencing BoPs’ entrepreneurial intention. Sustainability, 13(19), 10604. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910604
Indarti, S. (2021). The effects of education and training, management supervision on development of entrepreneurship attitude and growth of small and micro enterprise. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 29(1), 16–34. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-09-2019-1890
Jeong, S. J., Choi, S. J., & Hawley, J. D. (2024). How can urban middle-aged participants increase their agricultural entrepreneurship volition during COVID-19? Evidence from South Korea. The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension, 30(1), 69–90. https://doi.org/10.1080/1389224X.2022.2153886
Ji, S., & Zhuang, J. (2023). The impact path of digital literacy on farmers’ entrepreneurial performance: Based on survey data in Jiangsu province. Sustainability, 15(14), 11159. https://doi.org/10.3390/su151411159
Jiang, P., & Qin, S. (2024). E-commerce empowers urban entrepreneurial activity—Empirical evidence from the construction of national e-commerce demonstration cities. Cities, 150, 105092. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2024.105092
Lawson, L., & Kearns, A. (2014). Rethinking the purpose of community empowerment in neighbourhood regeneration: The need for policy clarity. Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit, 29(1–2), 65–81. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269094213519307
Li, Y., & Zhou, L. (2025). E-commerce development, time allocation and the gender division of labour: evidence from rural China. Applied Economics Letters, 32(3), 373–378. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2023.2270224
Liu, X., Ma, Y., Li, Y., Li, B., & Xia, Y. (2025). Shaping learning aspirations: the influence of E-commerce clusters on rural entrepreneurs. Electronic Commerce Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10660-025-09968-0
Mohamad, Z., Alim, N. S. S. M., Rashid, N. K. A., Hassim, N. H. C., Anang, Z., Abdullah, S., & Nasir, A. (2025). The Impact of Digital Entrepreneurial Competencies, Digital Literacy and Government Support on Digital Entrepreneurship Using Regression Analysis. ECONOMICS, 13(1), 289–308. https://doi.org/10.2478/eoik-2025-0025
Mohammed, S. A. S. A., Ahmed Bamahros, H. M., Grada, M. S., & Alaswadi, W. (2023). EC-education, gender disparity, and digital entrepreneurship intention: The moderating role of attitude components; a competitive advantage of the Ha’il region. International Journal of Information Management Data Insights, 3(2), 100179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2023.100179
Mohd Noor, N. H., Yaacob, M. ’Aini, & Omar, N. (2024). Do knowledge and personality traits influence women entrepreneurs’ e-commerce venture? Testing on the multiple mediation model. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 16(1), 231–256. https://doi.org/10.1108/JEEE-01-2023-0023
Mondal, S., Gupta, H., & Singh, S. (2024). Barriers and enablers of community entrepreneurship ventures: A mixed method approach. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 71, 15209–15223. https://doi.org/10.1109/TEM.2024.3445989
Morris, S., Carlos, C., Kistruck, G. M., Lount, R. B., & Thomas, T. E. (2023). The impact of growth mindset training on entrepreneurial action among necessity entrepreneurs: Evidence from a randomized control trial. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 17(3), 671–692. https://doi.org/10.1002/sej.1472
Munyoka, W. (2022). Inclusive digital innovation in South Africa: Perspectives from Disadvantaged and marginalized communities. Sustainability, 14(9), 5372. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14095372
Mustanir, A., Sellang, K., Adnan, A. A., & Lubis, S. (2025). Tracing the evolution of community empowerment models in development planning. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 28(3), 400. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsp.99202
Nasri, N., & Hanum P Iskandar, Y. (2021). Pedagogical factors influencing training of e-commerce entrepreneurs: The Malaysian case. TEM Journal, 1274–1284. https://doi.org/10.18421/TEM103-34
Okolo-Obasi, E. N., & Uduji, J. I. (2024). Government enterprise and empowerment program (GEEP) and women’s performance in entrepreneurship development in Nigeria. Development in Practice, 34(1), 3–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/09614524.2023.2178639
Papageorgiou, G., Mihai-Yiannaki, S., Ioannou, M., Varnava-Marouchou, D., & Marneros, S. (2021). Entrepreneurship education in an era of digital communications (pp. 65–77). https://doi.org/10.1108/S2040-724620210000011005
Portuguez Castro, M., & Gomez Zermeño, M. G. (2021). Back to basics: E-learning pedagogical model for identifying entrepreneurship skills in undergraduate students. The International Journal of Technologies in Learning, 29(1), 57–77. https://doi.org/10.18848/2327-0144/CGP/v29i01/57-77
Purbaningrum, C. W. D., . S. S., . S. S., & Raharjo, S. (2024). Development of community economic empowerment model through pioneering tourism village training in Indonesia. Journal of Ecohumanism, 3(7), 262–270. https://doi.org/10.62754/joe.v3i7.4198
Qiang, L. J., Hock, O. Y., & Aigbogun, O. (2024). Exploration of entrepreneurship education and innovative talent training model: New normal perspective* (pp. 157–169). https://doi.org/10.1108/S2040-72462024000018B011
Qur’ainny, A., Sianipaar, G. S. N., Rozan, M. A., & Afifah, D. F. (2025). Analysis of community empowerment in Cileles village based on Robert Chambers' empowerment theory perspective. Jurnal Review Pendidikan dan Pengajaran, 8(2), 6252–6258. https://doi.org/10.31004/jrpp.v8i2.47392
Ratten, V. (2020). Entrepreneurship as empowerment: Knowledge spillovers and entrepreneurial ecosystems. In Entrepreneurship as Empowerment: Knowledge Spillovers and Entrepreneurial Ecosystems (pp. 1–10). Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83982-550-720201002
Riaño Solano, M., Rodríguez Romero, R. E., & Celis Moreno, E. A. (2024). Marketing digital y E-commerce para pymes en Colombia: seguridad y facilidad de transacciones móviles. AiBi Revista de Investigación, Administración e Ingeniería. https://doi.org/10.15649/2346030X.3255
Rubyutsa, J. M., Achtenhagen, L., Stendahl, E., & Musekura, C. (2024). Advancing rural entrepreneurship in Rwanda through informal training – Insights from Paulo Freire’s pedagogy of the oppressed. Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy, 7(3), 347–376. https://doi.org/10.1177/25151274231204342
Santos, S. C., Neumeyer, X., & Morris, M. H. (2019). entrepreneurship education in a poverty context: An empowerment perspective. Journal of Small Business Management, 57(sup1), 6–32. https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12485
Santoso, H., & Purnomo, A. (2024). Navigating digital marketing in entrepreneurship: interdisciplinary perspective through systematic review. 2024 International Conference on Information Management and Technology (ICIMTech), 594–599. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIMTech63123.2024.10780863
Shaw, J., Howard, J., & Franco, E. L. (2020). Building inclusive community activism and accountable relations through an intersecting inequalities approach. Community Development Journal, 55(1), 7–25. https://doi.org/10.1093/cdj/bsz033
Song, Y., Fu, J., Zhang, B., & Gao, L. (2025). Evaluating state-driven e-commerce strategies for empowering disadvantaged rural entrepreneurs in China. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, 12(1), 1361. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-025-05698-8
St-Jean, É., Tremblay, M., Fonrouge, C., & Chouchane, R. (2022). Gendered impact of training on entrepreneurial self-efficacy: a longitudinal study of nascent entrepreneurs. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 34(5), 524–547. https://doi.org/10.1080/08276331.2021.1981731
Sugiyono, S. (2013). Metodologi penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R & D. Alfabeta
Sulaiman, A. I., Sabiq, A., Rahayu, D. B. S., Prastyanti, S., Sugito, T., Wijayanti, I. K. E., & Weningsih, S. (2023). Economic institutional empowerment model as a climate and energy independent village based on local wisdom. Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental, 17(6), e03728. https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v17n6-022
Suryono, J., Wijaya, M., Irianto, H., Harisudin, M., Tri Rahayu, N., Darsini, D., Astuti, P. I., & Sri Kusumawati, H. (2023). Model of community empowerment through education non-formal entrepreneurship to improve independence of micro, small and medium enterprises. International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 22(3), 413–429. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.22.3.25
Talmage, C. (2021). Social entrepreneurship: A needed tool for contemporary community development education. International Journal of Community Well-Being, 4(2), 227–243. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42413-021-00112-y
Wang, Y., Tian, Y., Nasrullah, M., & Zhang, R. (2024). Does social capital influence farmers’ e-commerce entrepreneurship? China’s regional evidence. Electronic Commerce Research. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10660-023-09794-2
Widiastuti, A., Supriatna, N., & Siti Nurbayani, K. (2023). Development of learning models to increase entrepreneurship competency. Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Management, 11(2), 1–17.
Wood, B. P., Ng, P. Y., & Bastian, B. L. (2021). Hegemonic conceptualizations of empowerment in entrepreneurship and their suitability for collective contexts. Administrative Sciences, 11(1), 28. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci11010028
Yadav, S. (2024). Fostering entrepreneurial mindsets and nurturing tomorrow’s innovators (pp. 1–24). https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-5426-1.ch001
Zeng, M., Zheng, Y., Tian, Y., & Jebbouri, A. (2022). Rural e-commerce entrepreneurship education in higher education institutions: Model construction via empirical analysis. Sustainability, 14(17), 10854. https://doi.org/10.3390/su141710854
Zhao, J., Zheng, J., & Li, T. (2024). Does e-commerce offer a solution to rural depopulation? Evidence from China. Cities, 152, 105155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2024.105155
Zhu, H. (2025). E-commerce big data logistics supply chain control system based on artificial intelligence and blockchain. Procedia Computer Science, 259, 923–930. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2025.04.045
Copyright (c) 2026 Dayat Hidayat, Nia Hoerniasih, Iwan Hermawan
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan, Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan, with ISSN: 0216-1370, is published by the Institute of Education Development and Quality Assurance (LPPMP UNY). Cakrawala Pendidikan has been recently has been re-accredited by Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture decision Number 230/E/KPT/2022 which is valid for five years since enacted on 30 December 2022.
