K-means clustering for classifying the quality management of secondary education in Indonesia
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Mapping educational management is critical for improving national education quality. This study aims to classify Indonesian provinces in terms of secondary education management within quality standard parameters. Framed in a quantitative approach with the K-means cluster analysis, this study applied eleven parameters to classify the provinces into three main clusters. These parameters were schools, new entrants, students, repeaters, drop-outs, graduates, teachers, classrooms, laboratories, libraries, and school health services. Secondary data related to secondary education in Indonesia published by the Ministry of Education and Culture were analyzed. With the R software, the clusters were formed based on the shared characteristics of the provinces. This study found that Cluster 1 had twenty-two provinces, Cluster 2 two provinces, and Cluster 3 ten provinces. Cluster 2 was found to be the best cluster, while West Java and East Java shared similar characteristics, hence in the same cluster. Further, 5.88% of the provinces were eligible to be pilot models for the standard quality management of education in Indonesia. There is, therefore, a pressing need for the improvement of education infrastructure to support a better-quality education.
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