FROM DISRUPTION TO MOBILIZATION: IRE TEACHERS’ PERSPECTIVES ON INDEPENDENT LEARNING POLICY

Muhammad Thohir, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia
Samsul Maarif, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia
Junaedi Rosyid, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia
Hisbullah Huda, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia
Ahmadi Ahmadi, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Ponorogo, Indonesia

Abstract


The policy on Independent Learning was established by the Indonesian government to promote teacher performance in midst of disruption in the educational aspect during this COVID-19 pandemic. However, teachers may not share the same perspective related to the policy. This study aims to examine Islamic Religious Education (IRE) teachers’ perspectives on Independent Learning policy. The research participants were IRE teachers who passed the 2019 In-service Teacher Profession Training Program at a State Islamic University in East Java, Indonesia. The mix-method research design with a qualitative-quantitative sequential exploratory analysis was used in this study. Qualitative data were obtained through telephone interviews, non-participant observations, and investigative documentary tracing, while quantitative data were obtained through a survey using online questionnaires. The collected data were analyzed using the descriptive qualitative phenomenological technique and descriptive statistics. The findings show that the increase in the use of mobile learning by IRE teachers is an implication of the disruption leading to the mobilization of the educational sector to approach the Independent Learning policy based on performances in three perspectives. First, the policy is considered a critique of traditional educational practices. Second, the policy serves as a space for independence with rules and regulations that are more open for students and schools. Third, the policy is an effort to free education from social and political pressures and restraints. This study provides a new understanding of the philosophical inter-connection in teachers’ perceptions to the practice of distant learning implementation based on informational technology.

Keywords


disruption; independent learning; mobilization; Islamic religious education.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abdullah, R. (2016). Pembelajaran dalam perspektif kreativitas guru dalam pemanfaatan media pembelajaran. [Learning in the perspective of teacher creativity in the use of instructional media]. Lantanida Journal, 4(1), 35–49. https://www.jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/lantanida/article/view/1866.

Abidah, A., Hidaayatullaah, H. N., Simamora, R. M., Fehabutar, D., & Mutakinati, L. (2020). The impact of Covid-19 to Indonesian education and its relation to the philosophy of “Merdeka Belajar”. Studies in Philosophy of Science and Education (SiPoSE), 1(1), 38–49. https://scie-journal.com/index.php/SiPoSE/article/view/9/5.

Al-Emran, M., Malik, S. I., & Al-Kabi, M. N. (2020). A survey of Internet of Things (IoT) in education: Opportunities and challenges. In A. E. Hassanien, R. Bhatnagar, N. E. M. Khalifa, & M. H. N. Taha (Eds.). Toward Social Internet of Things (SIoT): Enabling technologies, architectures and applications. Switzerland, AG: Springer, Cham, pp. 197–209. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-24513-9.

An, H., Kim, S., & Kim, B. (2008). Teacher perspectives on online collaborative learning: Factors perceived as facilitating and impeding successful online group work. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education, 8(1), 65–83. https://citejournal.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/v8i1general1.pdf.

Anderson, T., Doney, J., Hendrix, B., Martinez, J., Stoddart, R., & Wright, M. (2019). The five laws of OER: Observations from Ranganathan. Journal of Librarianship and Scholarly Communication, 7(1), 1–17. http://doi.org/10.7710/2162-3309.2299.

Berry, A. (2020). Disrupting to driving: Exploring upper primary teachers’ perspectives on student engagement. Teachers and Teaching: Theory and Practice, 26(2), 145–165. https://doi.org/10.1080/13540602.2020.1757421.

Chen, G. A., Horn, I. S., & Nolen S. B. (2018). Engaging teacher identities in teacher education: Shifting notions of the “good teacher” to broaden teachers’ learning. In P. A. Schutz, J. Hong, D. C. Francis (Eds.). Research on teacher identity: Mapping challenges and innovations. Switzerland, AG: Springer, Cham, pp. 85–95. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93836-3.

Dai, H. –N., Zheng, Z., & Y. Zhang. (2019). Blockchain for internet of things: A survey. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 6(5), 8076–8094. https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2019.2920987.

Davis, B., Sumara, D. J., & Luce-Kapler, R. (2000). Engaging minds: Learning and teaching in a complex world. London: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Dewey, J. (2004). Democracy and education: An introduction to the philosophy of education. Delhi: Aakar Books.

Garad, A., Al-Ansi, A. M., & Qamari, I. N. (2021). The role of e-learning infrastructure and cognitive competence in distance learning effectiveness during the Covid-19 pandemic. Cakrawala Pendidikan, 40(1), 81–91. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v40i1.33474.

Goode, J., Johnson, S. R., & Sundstrom, K. (2020). Disrupting colorblind teacher education in computer science. Professional Development in Education, 46(2), 354–367. https://doi.org/10.1080/19415257.2018.1550102.

Gross, T. L. (1978). The organic teacher. Change: The Magazine of Higher Learning, 10(6), 37–77. https://doi.org/10.1080/00091383.1978.10569454.

El Kharki, K., Bensamka, F., & Berrada, K. (2020). Enhancing practical work in physics using virtual javascript simulation and LMS platform. In D. Burgos (Ed.). Radical solutions and elearning: Practical Innovations and Online Educational Technology. Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4952-6.

Fadhil, M. (2020, 7 March). Analisis merdeka belajar ala ketamansiswaan (Niteni, Nirokke, Nambahi) pada proses belajar dan mengajar Bahasa Inggris (K13) di Kelas XI MAN 1 Yogyakarta. [Analysis of independent learning ala ketamansiswaan (Niteni, Nirokke, Nambahi) in the learning and teaching process of English (K13) in Class XI MAN 1 Yogyakarta.]. Paper presented at Seminar Nasional “Implementasi Merdeka Belajar Berdasarkan Ajaran Tamansiswa”, Universitas Sarjanawiyata Tamansiswa, Indonesia. https://jurnal.ustjogja.ac.id/index.php/semnas2020/article/view/7527.

Freire, P. (2001). Pedagogy of freedom: Ethics, democracy, and civic courage (P. Clarke, Trans.). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. (Original work published 1998).

Freire, P. (2005). Education for critical consciousness. New York, NY: Continuum. (Original work published 1974).

Freire, P. (2018). Pedagogy of the oppressed (50th Anniversary ed). New York, NY: Bloomsbury Academic. https://www.bloomsbury.com/us/pedagogy-of-the-oppressed-9781501314131/.

Gale, T., & Densmore, K. (2007). Engaging teachers: Towards a radical democratic agenda for schooling. Philadelphia, PA: Open University Press.

Giroux, H. A. (2020). On critical pedagogy (2nd ed). London: Bloomsbury Academic. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781350145016.

Jones, C. (2019). Capital, neoliberalism and educational technology. Postdigital Science and Education, 1(2), 288–292. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42438-019-00042-1.

Kearney, M., Burden, K., & Schuck, S. (2019). Disrupting education using smart mobile pedagogies. In L. Daniela (Eds.). Didactics of smart pedagogy: Smart Pedagogy for Technology Enhanced Learning. Switzerland, AG: Springer, Cham, pp. 139–157. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01551-0_7.

Kim, A., Mascarenaz, K., & Lai, K. (2019). The new team habits: A guide to the new school rules (1st ed). Corwin. https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/49222503-the-new-team-habits.

Lawshe, C. H. (1975). A quantitative approach to content validity. Personnel Psychology, 28(4), 563–575. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1975.tb01393.x.

Liu, A. (2011). Where is cultural criticism in the digital humanities? https://liu.english.ucsb.edu/where-is-cultural-criticism-in-the-digital-humanities/.

Malik, G., Tayal, D. K., & Vij, S. (2019). An analysis of the role of artificial intelligence in education and teaching. In P. K. Sa, S. Bakshi, I. K. Hatzilygeroudis, & M. N. Sahoo (Eds.). Recent findings in intelligent computing techniques. Advances in intelligent systems and computing (vol 707). Singapore: Springer, pp. 407–417. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8639-7_42.

Masaud, S. (2016, 15 January). Education should be organic, not mechanical. ASCD in Service. https://inservice.ascd.org/education-should-be-organic-not-mechanical/.

Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2019). Qualitative data analysis: A methods sourcebook (4th ed). London: SAGE Publications.

Mustaghfiroh, S. (2020). Konsep “Merdeka Belajar” perspektif aliran progresivisme

John Dewey. [The concept of “Free Learning” from the perspective of John Dewey’s progressivism school]. Jurnal Studi Guru dan Pembelajaran, 3(1), 141–147. https://www.e-journal.my.id/jsgp/article/view/248.

Nency, Y., & Arifin, M. T. (2005). Gizi buruk, ancaman generasi yang hilang. [Malnutrition, the threat of a lost generation]. INOVASI, 5(17), 61–64.

Nickeson, J. (2015, 17 April). Teaching is an organic process. TBR News Media. https://tbrnewsmedia.com/teaching-is-an-organic-process/.

Ngai, G., & Chan, S. C. F. (2019) Engaging teachers in teaching service-learning subjects: Critical issues and strategies. In D. T. L. Shek, Ngai G., & S. C. F. Chan (Eds.). Service-learning for youth leadership: The case of Hong Kong. Singapore: Springer, pp. 309–322. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0448-4.

Nuryatno, M. A. (2011). Critical remarks on educational philosophy of paulo freire. Cakrawala Pendidikan, 30(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v1i1.1542.

OECD. (2015). PISA results in focus. https://www.oecd.org/pisa/pisa-2015-results-in-focus.pdf.

OECD. (2018). PISA 2018 results. https://www.oecd.org/pisa/publications/pisa-2018-results.htm.

Rahmawati, F. (2018). Kecenderungan pergeseran pendidikan Agama Islam di Indonesia pada era disrupsi. [The trend of shifting Islamic education in Indonesia in the era of disruption]. Tadris, 13(2), 244–257. http://ejournal.iainmadura.ac.id/index.php/tadris/article/view/1752.

Ramlowat, D. D., & Pattanayak, B. K. (2019). Exploring the Internet of Things (IoT) in education: A review. In S. C. Satapathy, V. Bhateja, R. Somanah, X.-S Yang, R. Senkerik (Eds.). Information systems design and intelligent applications. Advances in intelligent systems and computing (vol 863). Singapore: Springer, pp. 245–255. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3338-5_23.

Robinson, D. N. (2019). Education for civic life. Brigham Young University-Public School Partnership Occasional Papers, 1(2), 1–12. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byupsppapers/vol1/iss1/2.

Rusydiyah, E. F., Purwati, E., & Prabowo, A. (2020). How to use digital literacy as a learning resource for teacher candidates In Indonesia. Cakrawala Pendidikan, 39(2), 305–318. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v39i2.30551.

Stewart, A. (2020). Towards a philosophy of liberal education: John Henry Newman on teaching universal knowledge, the cultivation of the intellect, and the enlargement of mind. Irish Theological Quarterly, 85(2), 169–182. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021140020906950.

Saavedra, C. M., & Pe´rez, M. S. (2018). Global south approaches to bilingual and early childhood teacher education: Disrupting global north neoliberalism. Policy Futures in Education, 16(6), 749–763. https://doi.org/10.1177/1478210317751271.

Savage, D. M. (2003). John Dewey’s liberalism: Individual, community, and self-development. Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society, 39(1), 134–137. https://philpapers.org/rec/SAVJDL-2.

Se-moon, C. (2019, 22 December). Time use of millennials v. non-millennials. The Korea Times. http://www.koreatimes.co.kr/www/opinion/2019/12/137_280714.html.

Shih, Y. -H. (2018). Some critical thinking on paulo freire’s critical pedagogy and its educational implications. International Education Studies, 11(9). 64–70. https://doi.org/10.5539/ies.v11n9p64.

Subekti, H., Susilo, H., Ibrohim, I., & Suwono, H. (2018). Patrap Triloka ethno-pedagogy with research-based learning settings to develop capability of pre-service science teachers: Literature review. In Proceedings of the 1st Annual International Conference on Mathematics, Science, and Education (ICoMSE 2017). Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research (Vol 218). Malang: Atalantis Press, pp. 43-46. https://doi.org/10.2991/icomse-17.2018.9.

Suntoro, R., & Widoro, H. (2020). Internalisasi nilai merdeka belajar dalam pembelajaran PAI di masa pandemi Covid-19. [Internalization of the value of independent learning in Islamic Education learning during the Covid-19 pandemic]. Mudarrisuna: Media Kajian Pendidikan Islam, 10(2), 143–165. https://www.jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/mudarrisuna/article/view/7343.

Yanti, S. (2019). Analisis kebijakan pendidikan. [Education policy analysis]. Lentera Indonesian Journal of Multidisciplinary Islamic Studies. 1(1), 11–26. https://doi.org/10.32505/lentera.v1i1.1662.

Yogev, E., & Michaeli, N. (2011). Teachers as society-involved “organic intellectuals”: training teachers in a political context. Journal of Teacher Education, 62(3), 312–324, SAGE. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487110397841.

Yusof, N. H., Razali, M. A. M, Omar, N., Abdelgelil, M. F. M, & Hamzah, M. S. (2018). Concept and execution of talaqqi and musyafahah method in learning Al-Quran. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 8(11), 559–565. http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v8-i11/4930.

Wong, T. -L, Xie, H., Zou, D., Wang, F. L., Tang, J. K. T., Kong, A., & Kwan, R. (2020). How to facilitate self-regulated learning? A case study on open educational resources. Journal of Computers in Education, 7(1), Springer Nature, 51–77. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40692-019-00138-4.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v40i2.39540

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




 

Social Media:

     


 

 Creative Commons License
Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan by Lembaga Pengembangan dan Penjaminan Mutu Pendidikan UNY is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Based on a work at https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/cp/index.

Translator
 
 web
    analytics
View Our Stats