The influence of project-based learning assisted by augmented reality-based photosynthesis diorama on improving learning outcomes
Abstract: Elementary-level Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) learning in Indonesian schools still shows less-than-optimal student outcomes, largely due to the continued use of traditional instructional models and learning media. This study aims to analyze the effect of implementing a Project-Based Learning (PjBL) model assisted by an Augmented Reality (AR)–based photosynthesis diorama on the learning outcomes of fourth-grade students at SDN Kalibanteng 01. The research uses a quantitative approach with an experimental method and a quasi-experimental design of nonequivalent control group. The sample consists of 60 students divided into experimental and control classes. Data collection was conducted through observation, interviews, documentation, and tests, while data analysis included normality tests, homogeneity tests, independent sample t-tests, and N-Gain tests. The results show that the average posttest score of the experimental class (87.73) is higher than that of the control class (75.03). The hypothesis test indicates a significance value (2-tailed) of 0.000 < 0.05. The N-Gain value for the experimental class is 72.35% (high category), while the control class is 41.00% (low category). Therefore, the PjBL model assisted by AR-based photosynthesis diorama media effectively improves students' learning outcomes in Science and Social Studies.
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