Journalism in the Time of Global Crisis: Analyzing Hazardous Experiences of Bangladeshi Journalists during COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21831/informasi.v55i2.84027Keywords:
Covid-19, Bangladesh, Journalists, Global Crisis, Mainstream MediaAbstract
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, traditional journalism has undergone a profound transformation. Journalists had to battle not only the spread of false information but also a slew of new obstacles they had never encountered before. This study demonstrates what sort of challenges Bangladeshi mainstream journalists had to endure and how they continued journalism amid the global crisis. The study adopted a mixed-method approach. 60 working journalists -20 each from print, electronic, and online media- were surveyed profoundly. Also, in-depth interviews with three journalist leaders were conducted to investigate this matter deeply. The findings suggested four types of challenges were the most dominant- health, professional, financial, and technological. Most of the respondents echoed similarly that economic challenges hit them the hardest. Alongside this, the unpreparedness of both the journalists and news organizations to face such a sudden global crisis led to severe physical and mental health distress.
References
Amaresan, S. (2021, March 1). Situational crisis communication theory and how it helps a business. Hubspot. Retrieved from https://blog.hubspot.com/service/situational-crisis-communication-theory
Anwar, S., Nasrullah, M., & Hosen, M. J. (2020). COVID-19 and Bangladesh: Challenges and how to address them. Frontiers in Public Health, 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00154
Belarusian journalist Siarhei Satsuk detained on bribery charges after publishing COVID-19 report. (2020, March 31). Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ). Retrieved from https://cpj.org/2020/03/belarusian-journalist-siarhei-satsuk-detained-on-b/
Bridgman, A., Merkley, E., Loewen, P. J., Owen, T., Ruths, D., Teichmann, L., & Zhilin, O. (2020). The causes and consequences of COVID-19 misperceptions: Understanding the role of news and social media. Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review, 1. https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-028
COVID-19: Number of media freedom violation by region. (2020). International Press Institute. Retrieved from https://ipi.media/covid19-media-freedom-monitoring/
Decoding fake news during COVID-19. (2020, July 24). National Herald. Retrieved from https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/national/decoding-fake-news-during-covid-19
European media freedom suffers under COVID-19 response. (2020, April 3). International Press Institute. Retrieved from https://ipi.media/european-media-freedom-suffers-covid-19-response/
Exposed: The crisis facing journalism in the face of COVID-19 [Press release]. (2020, April 30). International Federation of Journalists.
Goel, V., & Gettleman, J. (2020, April 2). Under Modi, India's media is not so free anymore. The New York Times. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/02/world/asia/modi-india-press-media.html
Graber, D. A. (2017). Freedom of the press. In K. Kenski & K. Hall-Jamieson (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of political communication (pp. 237-248). New York: Oxford University Press.
How is COVID-19 transforming journalism? Our global study will find out. (2020, April 9). International Center for Journalists. Retrieved from https://www.icfj.org/news/how-covid-19-transforming-journalism-our-global-study-will-find-out
Islam, M. S., Sarkar, T., Khan, S. H., Kamal, A.-H. M., Hasan, S. M. M., Kabir, A., Yeasmin, D., Islam, M. A., Chowdhury, K. I. A., Anwar, K. S., Chugthai, A. A., & Seale, H. (2021). COVID-19 related infodemic and its impact on public health: A global social media analysis. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 103(4), 1621-1629. https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-0812
Jamil, S. (2020). Artificial intelligence and journalistic practice: The crossroads of obstacles and opportunities for the Pakistani journalists. Journalism Practice, 15(10), 1400-1422. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2020.1788412
Jamil, S., & Appiah-Adjei, G. (2020). Battling with infodemic and disinfodemic: The quandary of journalists to report on COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan. Media Asia, 47(3-4), 88-109. https://doi.org/10.1080/01296612.2020.1841545
Jamil, S. (2017). Freedom of expression and journalists' safety: An analysis of conflict reporting and peace journalism education in Pakistan. Journal of the Association of Journalism Education, 6(2), 7-16.
Jenkins, H. (2008). Convergence culture: Where old and new media collide. New York: NYU Press.
Johnson, G. (2020, April 1). Journalists brave danger to report on coronavirus. Penn Today. Retrieved from https://penntoday.upenn.edu/news/journalists-brave-danger-report-coronavirus
Journalist who died at Uttara hospital was COVID-19 positive. (2020, April 29). The Daily Star. Retrieved from https://www.thedailystar.net/coronavirus-death-bangladesh-journalist-who-died-uttara-hospital-was-covid-19-positive-1897909
Keller-Alant, A. (2020, April 27). Hungary censoring information on COVID-19, report says. Balkan Insight. Retrieved from https://balkaninsight.com/2020/04/27/hungary-censoring-information-on-covid-19-report-says/
Leandros, N., & Papadopoulou, L. (2020). Strategic business models in times of transformational change and crisis: A new typology for sustainable media. Journal of Media Management and Entrepreneurship, 2(1), 28-41. https://doi.org/10.4018/JMME.2020010103
Li, H. O. I., Bailey, A., Huynh, D., & Chan, J. (2020). YouTube as a source of information on COVID-19: A pandemic of misinformation? BMJ Global Health, 5(5). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002604
Mahoney, R. (2020, April 19). Journalists need to be protected during the pandemic. Al Jazeera. Retrieved from https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2020/4/19/journalists-need-to-be-protected-during-the-pandemic/
McGregor, S. E., & Watkins, E. A. (2016). Security by obscurity: Journalists' mental models of information security. International Symposium on Online Journalism, 6(1), 33-49.
Nabi, M. S. (2020, April 12). Coronavirus: What about the safety of journalists on the frontlines? Dhaka Tribune. Retrieved from https://www.dhakatribune.com/health/coronavirus/2020/04/12/what-about-the-safety-of-journalists-on-the-frontlines-of-covid-19
Osmann, J., Selva, M., & Feinstein, A. (2021). How have journalists been affected psychologically by their coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic? A descriptive study of two international news organizations. BMJ Open, 11(7). https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045675
Over 600 COVID-19 related press freedom violations in past year. (2021, April 14). International Press Institute. Retrieved from https://ipi.media/over-600-covid-19-related-press-freedom-violations-in-past-year/
Panneerselvan, A. S. (2020, March 16). Journalistic challenges in reporting COVID-19. The Hindu. Retrieved from https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/columns/journalistic-challenges-in-reporting-covid-19/article31075827.ece
PEC: Over 1,500 journalists died of COVID worldwide. (2021, June 7). Dhaka Tribune. Retrieved from https://www.dhakatribune.com/world/2021/06/07/pec-over-1-500-journalists-died-of-covid-worldwide
Perreault, M. F., & Perreault, G. P. (2021). Journalists on COVID-19 journalism: Communication ecology of pandemic reporting. American Behavioral Scientist, 65(7). https://doi.org/10.1177/0002764221992813
Posetti, J., Bell, E. & Brown, P. (2020). Journalism and the Pandemic: A Global Snapshot of Impacts. International Center for Journalists and Tow Center for Digital Journalism.
Razu, S. R., Rabbi, M. F., Nibir, M. M. A. M., Hoque, F., & Islam, M. S. (2024). "˜We're losing our bread and butter like never before': Journalism in Bangladesh in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. In M. Lewis, E. Govender, & K. Holland (Eds.), Communicating COVID-19 (pp. 59-74). Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-41237-0_4
Rick, J., & Hanitzsch, T. (2023). Journalistic work during a pandemic: Changing contexts and subjective perceptions. Journalism Practice, 18(1), 99–118. https://doi.org/10.1080/17512786.2023.2250760
Sandler, R. (2020, April 13). Nearly 30% of Americans believe the coronavirus came from a lab, despite complete lack of evidence. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/rachelsandler/2020/04/13/nearly-30-of-americans-believe-the-coronavirus-came-from-a-lab-despite-complete-lack-of-evidence/
Social media firms fail to act on Covid-19 fake news. (2020, July 24). BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-52903680
Tsui, L., & Lee, F. (2019). How journalists understand the threats and opportunities of new technologies: A study of security mind-sets and its implications for press freedom. Journalism, 22(6), 1337–1339.
Weaver, D. H., & Wilhoit, G. C. (1996). The American journalist in the 1990s: U.S. news people at the end of an era. Routledge.
Zuboff, S. (2015). Big other: Surveillance capitalism and the prospects of an information civilization. Journal of Information Technology, 30(1), 75–89.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Sanjoy Basak Partha, Nusrat Jahan, Hasib Shah Aman

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).






