Sufism and Social Media: Correlation between WhatsApp Usage and the Level of Religiosity of PP Jagad Alif Students

Authors

  • Ahmad Kian Santang Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia
  • Benni Setiawan Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21831/informasi.v55i1.77907

Keywords:

Religiosity, Santri PP Jagad Alif, Social Media, Sufism

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the correlation between WhatsApp usage and the religiosity level of PP Jagad Alif santri, as well as the factors influencing this correlation. A correlational quantitative approach was used to measure the relationship between these two variables. A sample of 58 individuals was selected using simple random sampling from a population of 68 santri at PP Jagad Alif, calculated with the Slovin formula. Data were collected through surveys using the SMUI instrument for WhatsApp and the CRS instrument for religiosity, with each instrument demonstrating a validity of 0.9 Pearson's r and reliability scores of 0.996 and 0.995 Cronbach's α, respectively. Data analysis techniques included Pearson correlation and simple linear regression to test the hypothesis. The results showed a positive correlation of 0.349 with a p-value of 0.004, and the contribution of the social media variable to religiosity was 12.2%. These findings indicate that the correlation between social media usage and the religiosity level of PP Jagad Alif santri is weak.

References

Altay, S., Berriche, M., & Acerbi, A. (2023). Misinformation on Misinformation: Conceptual and Methodological

Challenges. Social Media + Society, 9(1), 20563051221150412. https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051221150412

Armfield, G. G., & Holbert, R. L. (2003). The Relationship Between Religiosity and Internet Use. Journal of Media

and Religion, 2(3), 129–144. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15328415JMR0203_01

Balbi, G., & Magaudda, P. (2018). A History of Digital Media: An Intermedia and Global Perspective. Routledge,

Taylor & Francis Group.

Baran, S. J. (2019). Introduction to Mass Communication (10th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.

Bellar, W., & Campbell, H. A. (2023). Digital Religion: The Basics (1st ed.). Routledge.

https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003058465

Bruinessen, M. van, & Howell, J. D. (2007). Sufism and the “Modern” in Islam. I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd.

Burgess, J., Marwick, A., & Poell, T. (Eds.). (2017). The Sage Handbook of Social Media (1st edition). SAGE

Publications Inc.

Campbell, H. A. (2013). Digital Religion: Understanding Religious Practice in New Media Worlds (1st ed.). Routledge.

Cohen, J. E. (2007). Cyberspace As/And Space (Research Paper 898260). Georgetown University Law Center.

Dawson, L. L., & Hennebry, J. (1999). New Religions and the Internet: Recruiting in a New Public Space. Journal of

Contemporary Religion, 14(1), 17–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/13537909908580850

Drezner, Z., Turel, O., & Zerom, D. (2010). A Modified Kolmogorov–Smirnov Test for Normality. Communications

in Statistics - Simulation and Computation, 39(4), 693–704. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610911003615816

Ferguson, J., Ecklund, E. H., & Rothschild, C. (2021). Navigating Religion Online: Jewish and Muslim Responses to

Social Media. Religions, 12(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel12040258

Frankfurt, H. G. (2005). On Bullshit. Princeton University Press. https://id.1lib.us/book/672890/a75700

Giddens, A., Duneier, M., Appelbaum, R. P., Carr, D., & Levitt, S. (2018). Introduction to Sociology (11th ed.). W.W.

Norton & Company. https://b-ok.asia/book/5010371/a1c89c

Grant, A. E., Sturgill, A. C., Chen, C. H., & Stout, D. A. (Eds.). (2019). Religion Online: How Digital Technology Is

Changing the Way We Worship and Pray. Praeger An Imprint of ABC-CLIO, LLC.

Helland, C. (2016). Digital Religion. In D. Yamane (Ed.), Handbook of Religion and Society (pp. 177–196). Springer

International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31395-5_10

Hesapci Sanaktekin, O., Aslanbay, Y., & Gorgulu, S. (2013). The Effects of Religiosity on Internet Consumption: A

Study on a Muslim Country. Information, Communication & Society, 16(10), 1553–1573.

https://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2012.722663

Hidayat, Z. (2022). Transforming Sufism into Digital Media. Epistemé: Jurnal Pengembangan Ilmu Keislaman, 17(2),

Article 2. https://doi.org/10.21274/epis.2022.17.2.197-223

Howell, J. D. (2015). Revitalised Sufism and the New Piety Movements in Islamic Southeast Asia. In Routledge

Handbook of Religions in Asia (1st ed.). Routledge.

Ji, Q. (2024). Social Media and Society (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003351962

Kemp, S. (2024). Digital 2024: Indonesia (Digital Overview Report) [Annual Report]. We Are Social; Meltwater.

https://datareportal.com/reports/digital-2024-global-overview-report

Littlejohn, S. W., Foss, K. A., & Oetzel, J. G. (2017). Theories of Human Communication (11th ed.). Waveland Press

Inc.

Makhasin, L. (2016). Urban Sufism, Media and Religious Change in Indonesia. Ijtimā Iyya Journal of Muslim Society

Research, 1(1), 23–36. https://doi.org/10.24090/ijtimaiyya.v1i1.925

Montag, C., Błaszkiewicz, K., Sariyska, R., Lachmann, B., Andone, I., Trendafilov, B., Eibes, M., & Markowetz, A.

(2015). Smartphone Usage in the 21st Century: Who Is Active on Whatsapp? BMC Research Notes, 8(1), 331.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-015-1280-z

Nasrullah, M. (2020). Tarekat Syadziliyah dan Pengaruh Ideologi Aswaja di Indonesia. JURNAL ISLAM

NUSANTARA, 4(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.33852/jurnalin.v4i2.225

Piraino, F. (2016). Between Real and Virtual Communities: Sufism in Western Societies and the Naqshbandi Haqqani

Case. Social Compass, 63(1), 93–108. https://doi.org/10.1177/0037768615606619

Ridgeon, L. (2021). Sufi Orders in the Medieval Period. In Routledge Handbook on Sufism (1st ed.). Routledge.

Robin, C. F., McCoy, S., & Yáñez, D. (2017). WhatsApp. In G. Meiselwitz (Ed.), Social Computing and Social Media.

Applications and Analytics (pp. 82–90). Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-

58562-8_7

Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of Innovations (5th edition). Free Press.

Sambodo, A. (2022). Proposal Pembangunan Pondok Pesantren Pecinta Dzikir “Jagad Alif” Yogyakarta. Yayasan

Pecinta Dzikir “Jagad Alif” Yogyakarta.

Scharrer, E., & Ramasubramanian, S. (2021). Quantitative Research Methods in Communication; The Power of

Numbers for Social Justice. Routledge.

Scolari, C. A. (2012). Media Ecology: Exploring the Metaphor to Expand the Theory. Communication Theory, 22(2),

204–225. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2012.01404.x

Straubhaar, J., LaRose, R., & Davenport, L. (2012). Media Now: Understanding Media, Culture, and Technology (7th

ed.). Wadsworth.

Taleb, L. R. (2021). The Shādhiliyya: Foundational Teachings and Practices. In Routledge Handbook on Sufism (1st

ed.). Routledge.

West, R., & Turner, L. (2021). Introducing Communication Theory: Analysis and Application (7th ed.). McGraw-Hill

Education.

Young, G. (2004). Reading and Praying Online: The Continuity of Religion Online and Online Religion in Internet

Christianity. In Religion Online: Finding Faith on the Internet. Routledge.

Downloads

Published

2025-07-31

How to Cite

Santang, A. K., & Setiawan, B. (2025). Sufism and Social Media: Correlation between WhatsApp Usage and the Level of Religiosity of PP Jagad Alif Students. Informasi, 55(1), 86–93. https://doi.org/10.21831/informasi.v55i1.77907

Issue

Section

Articles

Citation Check