EFEK SITOTOKSIK BEBERAPA AKAR BAJAKAH KALIMANTAN  TERHADAP SEL KANKER PAYUDARA T47D

Risa Umari Yuli Aliviyanti; Retno Sunarminingsih Sudibyo; Retno Murwanti

doi:10.21831/jps.v26i2.41211

EFEK SITOTOKSIK BEBERAPA AKAR BAJAKAH KALIMANTAN TERHADAP SEL KANKER PAYUDARA T47D

Risa Umari Yuli Aliviyanti, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
Retno Sunarminingsih Sudibyo, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia
Retno Murwanti, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia

10.21831/jps.v26i2.41211

Abstract

Indonesia memiliki sekitar 200 jenis bajakah; empat di antaranya yaitu bajakah tampala, kalalawit, bajakah jari lima, dan longkur telah digunakan oleh suku Dayak untuk pengobatan kanker payudara. Studi ini menguji sitotoksisitas antikanker payudara ekstrak akar dari keempat bajakah tersebut. Ekstraksi menggunakan sample grinding pestle dengan pelarut air, air panas, etanol 96%, dan n-heksan. Uji sitotoksisitas ekstrak dilakukan secara in vitro terhadap sel T47D dengan pembanding tamoksifen. Nilai IC50 dari uji sitotoksik ekstrak etanol, air panas, air, dan n-heksan berturut-turut: 1136; 1871,5; 2294,25; dan 3975,5 µg/mL (R2 = 0,962; 0,943; 0,943; dan 0,956), tamoksifen 9 µg/mL (R2 = 0,9581). Ekstrak etanol bajakah merupakan yang paling toksik dibandingkan dengan yang lainnya sehingga untuk perbaikan nilai IC50 dilakukan ekstraksi reflux menggunakan etanol 96% pada keempat akar bajakah. Hasil menunjukkan nilai IC50 bajakah kalalawit, tampala, longkur, dan jari lima yang membaik yaitu berturut-turut adalah 407; 708; 881; dan 1.096 µg/mL (R2 = 0,9717; 0,952; 0,9367; 0,9369). Keempat ekstrak bajakah mengandung zat aktif antikanker payudara (mengingat nilai R2 uji sitotoksisitas > 0,93).

CYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF KALIMANTAN BAJAKAH ROOTS ON T47D BREAST CANCER CELLS

There are 200 kinds of bajakah in Indonesia; which bajakah tampala, kalalawit, bajakah jari lima, and longkur which have been used as herbal medicine of anti-breast cancer by Dayak ethnic. This study was to find out the cytotoxicity of four bajakah extracts toward T47D cell lines with tamoxifen as a positive control. Bajakah extracts of aqua, hot aqua, ethanol 96%, and n-hexane were carried out using a sample-grinding pestle. The IC50 resulted were 1136; 1871.5; 2294.25; and 3975.5 µg/mL (R2 = 0.962; 0.943; 0.943; and 0.956) respectively for aqua, hot aqua, ethanol 96%, and n-hexane extracts; 9 µg/mL (R2 = 0.9581) for tamoxifen. The ethanolic extract was the most toxic compared to other extracts. Therefore, to improve the IC50, reflux extraction was conducted using ethanol 96% to four bajakahs. The improved IC50 were 407; 708; 881; and 1096 µg/mL (R2 = 0.9717; 0.952; 0.9367; 0.9369) for respectively bajakah kalalawit, tampala, longkur, and jari lima. It is concluded that the extracts contained active breast-anticancer substances because all the R2 results were >0.93.

Keywords

bajakah, Uncaria, Spatholobus, Schefflera, T47D

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/jps.v26i2.41211