Design and finite element analysis of a portable bus service ramp to reduce dependence on service pits
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21831/jamat.v2i2.2479Keywords:
DMADV, Finite Element Analysis, Bus Repair, Portable RampAbstract
This study aims to: (1) design and analyze a portable ramp to improve bus repair efficiency at PT. United Tractors Semarang Branch, (2) with a focus on facilitating repairs and reducing dependence on service pits. (3) This portable ramp is expected to overcome access constraints to the underside of buses, speed up repair time, and improve work safety for mechanics. This study uses the DMADV (Define, Measure, Analyze, Design, Verify) method to develop portable ramps. These stages include problem discovery, technical data collection, analysis of materials, 3D model design using SolidWorks, and verification using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to ensure structural strength and compliance with safety standards. This study successfully designed and analyzed a portable ramp for bus repairs, capable of withstanding an operational load of 88,750 Newtons with a safety factor≥ 3.0, a maximum deformation of ≤ 5 mm, and a safe von Mises stress distribution. The selection of ASTM A36 Carbon Steel resulted in optimal strength and weight, as well as cost efficiency. The ramp design also meets workshop operational needs and improves repair process efficiency. This research successfully designed an optimal portable ramp for the PT. United Tractors Semarang Branch Workshop, considering operational efficiency and safety, ASTM A36 Carbon Steel was selected as the best material based on strength, weight, and cost. It is recommended to implement this portable ramp, along with technician training, maintenance system development, and expansion to other branches, to improve bus repair efficiency.
Downloads
References
[1] Y. O. Susilo, W. Santosa, T. B. Joewono, and D. Parikesit, “A reflection of motorization and public transport in Jakarta metropolitan area,” IATSS research, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 59–68, 2007.
[2] M. Z. SYIFA, “LAPORAN MAGANG II PERBAIKAN DAN PEMELIHARAAN ARMADA SUROBOYO BUS,” 2025.
[3] A. Shofia, R. M. Putri, S. Salsabila, M. Perwasih, R. Yani, and H. Domila, “Analisis postur kerja dengan metode RULA pada bagian pengemasan di CV Tani Makmur Sejahtera Bersama Tbk, Kota Padang,” Jurnal Teknik Industri Terintegrasi, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1518–1524, 2025.
[4] I. Rahela and A. Ismail, “Pengukuran dan Evaluasi Safety Culture Maturity Level pada Kegiatan Service dan Perawatan Alat Berat di PT United Tractors (Studi Kasus: PT United Tractors Tbk, Semarang),” 2023.
[5] I. M. Suartika, K. A. Kristiawan, Z. Arifin, S. F. Mustaqim, and B. Istiyanto, “Pelaksanaan Pemeriksaan Kendaraan Asset serta Peningkatan Corporate Communication di United Tractors Semarang,” Jurnal Abdimas Transjaya, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 76–88, 2023, doi: 10.46447/jat.v1i1.579.
[6] F. Trapsilawati, “Seminar nasional Teknik Industri 2019 UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA,” 2019.
[7] H. Maksum and W. Purwanto, Sistem Kemudi, Rem dan Suspensi. UNP PRESS, 2021.
[8] J. Pengabdian Masyarakat et al., “PIMAS Perbaikan Posisi Dan Postur Pekerja Pada Mekanik Bengkel Mobil,” Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat (PIMAS), vol. 3, no. 3, 2024, doi: 10.35960/pimas.v3i3.1462.
[9] T. Storr, J. Spicer, P. Frost, S. Attfield, C. D. Ward, and L. L. Pinnington, “Design features of portable wheelchair ramps and their implications for curb and vehicle access.,” J Rehabil Res Dev, vol. 41, 2004.
[10] B. W. Lenggana, A. Nugroho, and U. Ubaidillah, “Structural simulation of wheelchair ramp using finite element method,” Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science and Technology (JMEST), vol. 8, no. 2, p. 6, 2024.
[11] F. Giudice, S. Missori, C. Scolaro, and A. Sili, “A review on metallurgical issues in the production and welding processes of clad steels,” Materials, vol. 17, no. 17, p. 4420, 2024.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Applied Technology
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The authors submitting a manuscript to the Journal of Automotive and Mechanical Applied Technology (JAMAT) agree that, if the manuscript is accepted for publication, the copyright of the accepted and published article shall be transferred to JAMAT.
Although the copyright is transferred to JAMAT, all published articles remain open access and are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). This license permits users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, link to the full text, share, and adapt the work for any lawful purpose, provided that proper credit is given to the original author(s), the article title, the journal, and the source of publication.
Authors retain scholarly rights to use their published articles for teaching, research, presentation, thesis or dissertation preparation, institutional repository deposit, personal website posting, and other academic purposes, provided that the original publication in JAMAT is properly cited.
The copyright transfer agreement form can be downloaded here:
[JAMAT Copyright Transfer Agreement Form]
The copyright transfer agreement form must be signed by all authors or by the corresponding author on behalf of all authors and submitted to the Editorial Office by email at jamat@uny.ac.id
