Use of Malay-Indonesian male anatomical proportions based on head size in vocational education curriculum for engineering illustration

Abstract

This study aims to determine and identify the body proportions of the Malay-Indonesian race in anatomical structure as an essential reference in the field of vocational education, especially in the development of technical drawing and illustration curricula. This research uses a content analysis method with a sample consisting of 1,000 Malays from various provinces in Indonesia. Data were collected through photographic documents that were analyzed based on age, gender, and ethnicity. Measurement of body and head size ratio was conducted to determine the characteristics of body proportion. The results showed that the body proportions of Malays are shorter compared to Europeans. If the European body proportion is eight times the head size, then the Malay body proportion is seven times the head size. This finding has important implications for vocational education, especially in designing curriculum and teaching materials that are more accurate and appropriate to local anthropometric characteristics. By understanding these specific body proportions, vocational education institutions can develop more effective learning programs in engineering illustration and design. This research contributes to improving the quality of vocational education by providing empirical data that can be used as a reference in teaching and training drawing techniques that are more relevant to the local context.