Original empirical research that contributes new knowledge to special and inclusive education. Quantitative, qualitative, action research in education, and mixed-methods designs are accepted, including intervention, experimental, and single-subject studies.

• Structure: Introduction, Method, Results and Discussion, Conclusion, References.
• Structured abstract: 150-200 words in English and Indonesian.
• Length: 5,000-8,000 words, excluding the abstract and references.
• Research with participants requires an ethical statement and informed consent (see Author Guidelines).

A systematic, integrative, or scoping review that synthesizes existing research on a clearly defined question in special education.

• Structured review: Introduction, Method, Results and Discussion, Conclusion, References.
• Structured abstract: 150-200 words in English and Indonesian.
• Length: 5,000-8,000 words, excluding the abstract and references.

All types: originality, double-blind peer review, the manuscript template, and the ethics and declaration statements apply. Manuscripts that fall outside scope or do not follow the template may be returned before review.