Implementation of augmented reality-based digital citizenship learning to improve students' civic communication competence in higher education
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21831/jc.v23i1.90017Keywords:
civic educaion, augmented reality, national communication, digital citizenship, social and culture literacyAbstract
Civic education is not limited to contemporary learning through traditional methods. Students are encouraged to actively participate through dialogue, collaboration, contribution, and discussion. Thus, the resulting discussions can stimulate their critical thinking regarding social issues. This study aims to analyse the implementation of augmented reality-based digital citizenship learning to improve the civic communication competence of higher education students. This study uses a qualitative case study approach. The participants in this study were 15 students from communication studies who took civic education courses. In-depth interviews were conducted using semi-structured techniques to collect data. The results of this study indicate that the use of augmented reality in civic education courses can help students identify forms of digital citizenship. Students can practise their civic communication competence through the DC-AR application. In addition, students can use the DC-AR application independently through their smartphones. Thus, the DC-AR application can be an alternative digital citizenship learning technology that can minimise the spread of hoaxes. Students are also encouraged to practise their social and cultural literacy skills through civic communication practices. This study concludes that civic education is not limited to theoretical elements. In higher education, civic education can be integrated with technology and communication science. Students not only understand digital citizenship but are also able to implement it through the DC-AR application by practising communication. The DC-AR application can also instil citizenship communication competencies in students as a strategy to improve the quality of human resources through education.
References
Aiyub, M., Hasanah, Winarty, A., Tamarli, & Jamal, S. (2025). Peranan sekolah untuk meningkatkan civic education berdasarkan nilai Pancasila pada SMA di Kecamatan Idi Rayeuk. Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia: Teori, Penelitian, dan Inovasi, 5(5). https://jurnal.penerbitwidina.com/index.php/JPI/article/view/2039
Aksinudin, S., Wiyono, S., & Nariswari, A. F. (2022). Civic education as anti-corruption education for college students. Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan, 19(1), 53–63. https://doi.org/10.21831/jc.v19i1.45981
Bello, A., Deba, A. A., Yaduma, P. S., & Mohammed, S. A. (2024). Perceived Usefulness and accessibility of hypermedia instructional resources as determinants for teaching digital electronics courses in Nigerian universities. International Journal of Scientific Research in Multidisciplinary Studies, 10(9). https://www.isroset.org/pdf_paper_view.php?paper_id=3619&1-ISROSET-IJSRMS-09983.pdf
Biamba, C. N., Chidimma, O. N., Chinwe, O. V., Kelechi, M. C., & Chinyere, N. A. (2021). Assessing democratic classroom practices among secondary school civic education teachers in the global south: Case study of South East Nigeria. Cogent Education, 8(1), 1896425. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2021.1896425
Boontinand, V. (2023). Educating for citizenship in a fragile democracy: Interrogating civic agenda in Thai higher education. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education, 53(3), 471–487. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057925.2021.1932420
Calzada, I., & Bustard, J. R. T. (2023). The dilemmas around digital citizenship in a post-Brexit and post-pandemic Northern Ireland: Towards an algorithmic nation? Citizenship Studies, 27(2), 271–292. https://doi.org/10.1080/13621025.2022.2026565
Chanda, T. C., & Sain, Z. H. (2024). Harnessing information communication technology in civic education teaching and learning: A comprehensive review. Global Scientific Journals, 12(4). https://www.globalscientificjournal.com/researchpaper/_Harnessing_Information_Communication_Technology_in_Civic_Education_Teaching_and_Learning_A_Comprehensive_Review_.pdf
Corke, L., Maksyutynska, K., Jones, J. M., & George, T. P. (2025). The Relationship between social media use, and mental health disorders in adolescents and young adults: A Scoping review. Annals of Clinical Psychiatry, 36(3), 89–99. https://doi.org/10.1177/10401237251344098
Couldry, N., Stephansen, H., Fotopoulou, A., MacDonald, R., Clark, W., & Dickens, L. (2014). Digital citizenship? Narrative exchange and the changing terms of civic culture. Citizenship Studies, 18(6–7), 615–629. https://doi.org/10.1080/13621025.2013.865903
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. Sage Publications.
Deimel, D., Hahn-Laudenberg, K., Ziemes, J. F., & Abs, H. J. (2024). Civic education and social interactions at school as drivers of intended electoral participation: Similarities and differences in four European school systems. Education, Citizenship and Social Justice, 19(1), 37–57. https://doi.org/10.1177/17461979221114549
Fadhillah, D. N., Japar, M., Hartono, F. T., Syarifa, S., & Eka, G. (2024). Penanaman nilai-nilai digital citizenship dalam membangun komunikasi kebangsaan. Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 2(1). https://e-journal.ukri.ac.id/index.php/kb/article/view/3463
Febrianti, N., Abdulkarim, A., Malihah, E., Fitriasari, S., & Casmana, A. R. (2024). Is gender studies absent in the Civic Education curriculum in higher education? Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan, 21(2). https://doi.org/10.21831/jc.v21i2.72821
García, R., Meneses, A., Veas, M. G., Alvares, D., Arriagada, S., & Nussbaum, M. (2025). The role of core practices, critical thinking and communication skills in the development of teacher adaptive expertise. Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/1475939X.2025.2553581
Govender, I. (2025). Digital Literacy and STEM Skills– What is the Connection? A Systematic Review. Technology, Knowledge and Learning. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10758-025-09879-x
Guzmán, D. H., Muñoz, P. C., & Duarte, N. R. (2024). Augmented reality for civic education within makerspace museums. Procedia Computer Science, 231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2023.12.191
Haris, M., & Mufidah, H. (2025). Implementation of civic education in increasing religious tolerance in elementary schools in the 21st century. Athena: Journal of Social, Culture and Society, 3(1), 468–475. https://doi.org/10.58905/athena.v3i1.388
Japar, M., Utami, A. D., & Casmana, A. R. (2022). Membangun kesadaran berkonstitusi melalui pelatihan digital citizenship. Jurnal Karya Abdi Masyarakat Universitas Jambi, 6(1).https://online-journal.unja.ac.id/JKAM/article/view/19371
Jayadiputra, E., Karim, A. A., Sapriya, S., & Rahmat, R. (2023). The Pancasila and Civic Education curriculum model at 21st century. Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan, 20(1), 65–74. https://doi.org/10.21831/jc.v20i1.49455
Kosberg, E. (2024). Exploring cooperative learning as a tool in civic education. Educational Research, 66(4), 396–412. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2024.2398460
López-Belmonte, J., Moreno-Guerrero, A.-J., López-Núñez, J.-A., & Hinojo-Lucena, F.-J. (2023). Augmented reality in education. A scientific mapping in Web of Science. Interactive Learning Environments, 31(4), 1860–1874. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2020.1859546
Lozano-Díaz, A., & Fernández-Prados, J. S. (2020). Educating digital citizens: An opportunity to critical and activist perspective of sustainable development goals. Sustainability, 12(18), 7260. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12187260
Marín, V., Sampedro, B. E., González, J. M. M., & Vega, E. M. (2022). Primary Education and augmented reality. Other form to learn. Cogent Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2022.2082082
Maulana, M. Y., & Milanti, A. A. (2023). A systematic literature review on civic engagement program through citizenship education. Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan, 20(2), 341–358. https://doi.org/10.21831/jc.v20i2.66024
Mejía Ávila, D., Sánchez Agámez, C., & Soto Barrera, V. C. (2021). Developing digital lessons to integrate social science teaching in Colombia using Google Earth. International Research in Geographical and Environmental Education, 30(2), 112–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/10382046.2020.1766225
Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2013). Qualitative data analysis: A methods Sourcebook. Sage Publications.
Misan-Ruppee, R. O., Obro, S., & Akpochafo, W. P. (2024). Innovative instructional approach: The effect of information and communication technology-assisted instruction on civic education students’ performance. Arab Gulf Journal of Scientific Research, 42(3), 744–756. https://doi.org/10.1108/AGJSR-02-2023-0047
Peart, M., Higgins, S., Gutiérrez-Esteban, P., & Cubo Delgado, S. (2024). Digital and socio-civic skills development and young people’s perceptions of digital citizenship in the UK. Education, Citizenship and Social Justice, 19(3), 463–475. https://doi.org/10.1177/17461979231170232
Peng, D., & Yu, Z. (2022). A Literature Review of Digital Literacy over Two Decades. Education Research International, 2022, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2533413
Pospieszna, P., Lown, P., & Dietrich, S. (2023). Building active youth in post-Soviet countries through civic education programmes: Evidence from Poland. East European Politics, 39(2), 321–344. https://doi.org/10.1080/21599165.2022.2102608
Sunarso, S., Hidayah, Y., Firmasnyah, A., & Arpannudin, I. (2024). Content analysis of Pancasila and Civic Education curriculum at the junior high school level in Indonesia: Philosophical perspectives in affirming civic identity. Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan, 21(1), 98–106. https://doi.org/10.21831/jc.v21i1.63161
Velasquez, A., & Montgomery, G. (2020). Social media expression as a collective strategy: How perceptions of discrimination and group status shape US Latinos’ online discussions of immigration. Social Media + Society. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305120914009
Wang, L. H., & Metzger, M. J. (2024). The Online Privacy Divide: Testing Resource and Identity Explanations for Racial/Ethnic Differences in Privacy Concerns and Privacy Management Behaviors on Social Media. Communication Research, 00936502241273157. https://doi.org/10.1177/00936502241273157
Wren, S. T. (2021). Improving Emirati students’ social responsibility competence through global citizenship education. Learning and Teaching in Higher Education: Gulf Perspectives, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.1108/LTHE-09-2020-0046
Xie, Y., Smith, J., & Davies, M. (2025). The evolution of critical thinking in Chinese education context: Policy and curriculum perspectives. International Studies in Sociology of Education. https://doi.org/10.1080/09620214.2025.2462967
Yin, R. K. (2014). Case study research: Design and methods. Sage Publications.
Younas, M., & Imran, M. (2025). Multiple modalities of teaching civic education awareness among students: A pragmatic approach-based case study. Cogent Education, 12(1), 2460967. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2025.2460967
Zhang, C., & Fagan, C. (2016). Examining the role of ideological and political education on university students’ civic perceptions and civic participation in Mainland China: Some hints from contemporary citizenship theory. Citizenship, Social and Economics Education, 15(2), 117–142. https://doi.org/10.1177/2047173416681170
Zhang, C., & Shen, X. (2024). Opportunities and challenges of new media technology for civic education of college students under the new normal. Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences, 9(1), 20230250. https://doi.org/10.2478/amns.2023.1.00250
Zis, S. F., Dewi, R. S., & Efendi, Z. (2021). Model perilaku komunikasi generasi muda dalam pemanfaatan media digital memasuki era 4.0 dan 5.0 di Kecamatan Kuranji. Jurnal Komunikasi Profesional, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.25139/jkp.v5i1.3624
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The authors agree to transfer the transfer copyright of the article to The Jurnal Civics: Media Kajian Kewarganegaraan effective if and when the paper is accepted for publication.
Authors and other parties are bound to the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License for the published articles, legal formal aspect of journal publication accessibility refers to Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-SA).





