Academic Staff Performance in the Post Covid-19: Study of Motivation, Work Environment, and Discipline

Tri Sumarni; Lia Yuliana; Rullyana Puspitaningrum Mamengko

doi:10.21831/economia.v20i1.63021

Academic Staff Performance in the Post Covid-19: Study of Motivation, Work Environment, and Discipline

Tri Sumarni, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Lia Yuliana, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Rullyana Puspitaningrum Mamengko, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, Indonesia

10.21831/economia.v20i1.63021

Abstract

Abstract

The study examines how motivation, work environment, and discipline affect academic staff performance at Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta (UNY) following the COVID-19 pandemic. Using parametric statistics, it involved 191 participants in this ex-post facto quantitative research study. According to the study, motivation, work environment, and discipline all positively and significantly affect the performance of the UNY academic staff. The novelty of this study is that when employees switch from working from home to the office, it affects their motivation, the work environment, and their ability to be disciplined because of worries about the virus resurfacing. The urgency of this study is that UNY is changing from a Public Service Agency to a Legal Entity State University, so to help prepare better human resources, it needs to collect actual information. The study results are explained in more detail, along with some suggestions and implications.

Keywords:Motivation, Work Environment, Discipline, Work Performance, Academic Staff

Keywords

work motivation, work environment, work discipline, work performance, academic staff

Full Text:

PDF

References

Abdurachman, D., Ramdhan, R. M., Karsoma, A., Kisahwan, D., Winarno, A., & Hermana, D. (2023). Corporate Social Responsibility: Micro Foundation Framework for High Employee Performance in a Developing Country. Administrative Sciences, 13(8), 186. MDPI AG. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci13080186

Acheampong, A., M. A. Muhammed, and K. Agyapong. (2016). Perceived Quality of Work Life and Work Performance among University Academic Staff. International Journal of Current Research and Academic Review 4 (4): 1–13.

Ahmad, H., Kilani, Q., Alnajdawi, S. (2023). The effects of big data analytics and workplace pressures on productivity. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 7(4), pp. 1485–1492. Doi: 10.5267/j.ijdns.2023.8.014

Aketch, J. R., O. Odera, P. Chepkuto, and O. Okaka. (2012). Effects of Quality of Work Life on Job Performance: Theoretical Perspectives and Literature Review. Current Research Journal of Social Sciences 4 (5): 383–8.

Al-Kharabsheh, S.A., Attiany, M.S., Alshawabkeh, R.O.K., Hamadneh, S., Alshurideh, M.T. (2023). The impact of digital HRM on employee performance through employee motivation. International Journal of Data and Network Science 7(1), pp. 275-282. Doi: 10.5267/j.ijdns.2022.10.006

Albrecht SL, Furlong S and Leiter MP (2023). The psychological conditions for employee engagement in organizational change: Test of a change engagement model. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1071924. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1071924

Amoadu, M., Ansah, E.W. & Sarfo, J.O. (2023). Influence of psychosocial safety climate on occupational health and safety: a scoping review. BMC Public Health 23, 1344. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16246-x

Baron, R. A. (1991). Motivation in work settings: Reflections on the core of organizational research. Motivation and Emotion, 15(1), 1–8.

Blum and Nylon. (2009). Sikap Kerja dan Faktor yang Mempengaruhi. Bandung: penerbit Alfabeta

Buhagiar, K. and Anand, A. (2023). Synergistic triad of crisis management: leadership, knowledge management and organizational learning. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, Vol. 31 No. 2, pp. 412-429. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-03-2021-2672

Choi, K., Fang, M., Khatter, A. (2022). What motivates employees to work in the hotel industry?: Quarantine hotel employees’ perspectives. Management 53(1), pp. 96-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhtm.2022.09.004

de Visser, M., de Graaf-Zijl, M., Anema, J.R. et al. (2023). Work and health during the COVID-19 crisis among Dutch workers and jobseekers with (partial) work disabilities: a mixed methods study. BMC Public Health 23, 966. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15720-w

Dost, M. and Qatiti, K.A. (2023). Leadership, stress and politics: influences on creativity and innovation in emerging markets. Management Decision Vol. 61 No. 9, pp. 2564-2581. https://doi.org/10.1108/MD-12-2021-1577

Ejigu, Y., Abera, N., Haileselassie, W. et al. (2023). Motivation and job satisfaction of community health workers in Ethiopia: a mixed-methods approach. Human Resources for Health 21, 35. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-023-00818-4

Faulkner, S. L., & Trotter, S. P. (2017). Data Saturation. The International Encyclopedia of Communication Research Methods. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118901731.iecrm0060

Febrianto, W.N. (2019). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja dan Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Disiplin Kerja (Studi pada Karyawan PT Deltomed). Skripsi. Tidak Diterbitkan. Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta: Yogyakarta.

Godavarthi B., Murali D., S. Anjali. D., S. Srinivasulu R., Allam B., G. Srilakshmi. (2023). Blockchain integration with the internet of things for the employee performance management. The Journal of High Technology Management Research 34(2), 100468. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hitech.2023.100468

Goetsch, D.L. & Davis, S.B. (2014). Quality Management for Organizational Excellence. Upper Saddle River: Pearson

Hasibuan, S.P, M. (2014). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara

Hasibuan, S.P.M., (2017). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara

Jonker, L. C. (2016). Stress in a College Workplace and its Relationship with Certain Correlations and Predictive Variables. Stellenbosch University.

Jusmin, A., Said, S., Bima, M. J., & Alam, R. (2016). Specific determinants of work motivation, competence, organizational climate, job satisfaction and individual performance: A study among lecturers. Journal of Business and Management Sciences, 4(3), 53–59.

Kalo, K., Koestner, C., Dicks, T. et al. (2023). Sociodemographic and work-related differences in teachers’ attitude towards and perceived stress from emergency remote teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic. Scientific Reports 13, 12999. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-39824-w

Kotagi, P., Angolkar, M. & Koppad, R. (2023). Comparison of work efficiency in factory workers: pre & post covid lockdown – a cross sectional study. BMC Public Health 23, 939. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15886-3

Kuswanto, H., G., & Aeni, H. (2021). The Influence of Leadership Style, Motivation and Work Discipline on Employee Performance. International Journal of Management Science and Information Technology (IJMSIT) 1(2), pp. 2776-7388. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35870/ijmsit.v1i2.352

Lafitasari, R. (2019). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja, Disiplin Kerja, dan Kompensasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada Dinas Pendapatan, Pengelolaan Keuangan dan Aset Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Skripsi. Tidak Diterbitkan. Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta: Yogyakarta.

Maier, P., Morath, O., Barsch, F., Krumnau, O., Steinmann, D., Deibert, P. (2023). A Comparison of the Impact of COVID-19–Related Restrictions on Physical Activity Among Public Employees. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 65(9), pp. e587-e592. DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002906

Mangkunegara, A.P. (2005). Evaluasi Kinerja Sumber Daya Manusia. Bandung: Refika Aditama

Mangkunegara (2018). Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi dan Komitmen Organisasi Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. 1(1), 9–25.

Meng, Y., Luo, X., Sun P., Luo, Y., Wang, Z., Wang, L., Ge, Y., & Lin, L. (2023). Occupational Happiness of Civilian Nurses in China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Nursing 22, 233. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-023-01397-4

Mohammed, A. S., Ayambila, S. N. . ., & Lukman, S. . (2022). An empirical investigation of the impact of social media tool usage on employees work performance among Ghana Commercial Bank Workers: the moderating role of social media usage experience. Brazilian Journal of Operations & Production Management, 20(1), 1382. https://doi.org/10.14488/BJOPM.1382.2023

Murphy, J. (2014). Managing professional development of academic staff to enhance university performance. Thesis (Doctor of Business Administration (DBA). University of Bath.

Nabawi, R. (2020). Pengaruh lingkungan kerja, kepuasan kerja dan beban kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai. Maneggio: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Manajemen, 2(2), 170-183.

Nasir, M., Kamase, J., St.Sukmawati, S., Djameng, A. (2023). The Influence of Infrastructure, Compensation, Work Culture, Competence on Job Satisfaction and Employee Performance. Quality - Access to Success, 24(196), pp. 337–346.

Okasheh, H., & Al-Qomari, K. (2017). The Influence of Work Environment on Job Performance: A Case Study of Engineering Company in Jordan. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research 12(24), pp. 15544-15550.

Pancasila, I., Haryono, S., & Sulistyo, B. A. (2020). Effects of Work Motivation and Leadership toward Work Satisfaction and Employee Performance: Evidence from Indonesia. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 7(6), 387–397. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no6.387

Park, R. (2023). What if employees with intrinsic work values are given autonomy in worker co-operatives? Integration of the job demands–resources model and supplies–values fit theory. Personnel Review Vol. 52 No. 3, pp. 724-744. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-05-2021-0362

Pasaribu, N.A. (2019). Pengaruh Motivasi, Lingkungan dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan di Asuransi Jiwa Bersama Bumiputera 1912 Medan. Skripsi. Tidak Diterbitkan. Institut Agama Islam Negeri Medan: Medan.

Pemerintah Indonesia. (2022). Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 35 Tahun 2022 tentang Perguruan Tinggi Negeri Badan Hukum Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Sekretariat Negara. Jakarta.

Puspitasari, C. C. (2016). Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi, Motivasi dan Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan BMT Sahara Tulungagung. Skripsi. Tidak Diterbitkan. Institut Agama Islam Negeri Tulungagung: Tulungagung.

Puspitasari, P., & Wulandari, R. D. (2022). The Influence of Leadership Style on Employee Discipline in Wiyung Sejahtera Hospital. The Indonesian Journal of Public Health 17(2), 273–284. https://doi.org/10.20473/ijph.v17i2.2022.273-284

Ramasundaram, A., Gurusamy, R., & George, A. (2022). Employees and workplace surveillance: Tensions and ways forward. Journal of Information Technology Teaching Cases. https://doi.org/10.1177/20438869221142027

Riyanto, S., Prasetyo, J.H. (2021). Factors affecting civil servant performance in Indonesia. International Journal of Entrepreneurship 25(5).

Saputri, Y.W., Qomariah, N., Herlambang, T. (2020). Effect of work compensation, supervision, and discipline on work performance. International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research 9(1), pp. 2597–2601.

Sarros, J.C., Gmelch, W.H., & Tanewski, G.A. (1997). The role of department head in Australian universities: Changes and challenges. Higher Education Research & Development, 16(1), 9–24.

Sarros, J.C., Gmelch, W.H., & Tanewski, G.A. (1998). The academic dean: A position in need of a compass and clock. Higher Education Research & Development, 17(1), 65–88.

Sedarmayanti. (2001). Sumber Daya Manusia dan Produktivitas Kerja. Bandung: Mandar Maju

Siagian, Sondang, P. (2009). Administrasi Pembangunan. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara

Siagian. Sondang, P. (2012). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.

Simamora, H. (2005). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Yogyakarta: STIE YKPM

Soetjipto, N., Kurniawan, G., Sulastri, S., & Riswanto, A. (2020). Supply Chain Analysis in Public Works: The Role of Work Climate, Supervision and Organizational Learning. The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business 7 (12), 1065–1071. https://doi.org/10.13106/JAFEB.2020.VOL7.NO12.1065

Sugiyono. (2010). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan Pendekatan Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta

Sugiyono. (2011). Metode Penelitian Kuantitaif Kualitatif dan R & B, Bandung: Alfabeta.

Sugiyono. (2018). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif. Bandung: Alfabeta

Sugiyono. (2019). Metode Penelitian Pendidikan (Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, Kombinasi, R&D dan Penelitian Pendidikan). Bandung: Alfabeta

Sunarsi, D. (2020). Panduan Meningkatkan Kinerja dan Kepuasan Guru. Banten: Desanta Muliavisitama.

Sutalaksana, I, Anggawisastra, R, & Tjakraatmadja, J, H, (2006). Teknik Perancangan Sistem Kerja. Bandung: Penerbit ITB Bandung

Sutrisno, E. (2011). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group

Taylor, T., Gough, J., Bundrock, V., & Winter, R. (1998). A bleak outlook: Academic staff perceptions of changes in core activities in Australian higher education, 1991–96. Studies in Higher Education, 23(3), 255–268.

Tran, The Tuan and Quang Hung Do. (2020). Factors Affecting Job Motivation among Faculty Members: Evidence from Vietnamese Public Universities. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business Vol 7 No 9 (2020) 603–611. doi:10.13106/jafeb.2020.vol7.no9.603

Valk, R. and Yousif, L. (2023). “Going beyond to deliver hip hospitality”: exploring motivation and job satisfaction of hospitality workers in Dubai. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, Vol. 31 No. 2, pp. 293-316. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOA-12-2020-2517

Varga, A.I., Spehar, I. & Skirbekk, H. (2023). Trustworthy management in hospital settings: a systematic review. BMC Health Services Research 23, 662. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-09610-5

Winter, R.P., Taylor, T., & Sarros, J.C. (2000). Trouble at mill: Quality of academic worklife issues within a comprehensive Australian university. Studies in Higher Education, 25(3), 279–294.

Winter, Richard & James Sarros (2002) The Academic Work Environment in Australian Universities: A motivating place to work?, Higher Education Research & Development, 21:3, 241-258, DOI: 10.1080/0729436022000020751

Wolverton, M., Gmelch, W.H., Wolverton, M.L., & Sarros, J.C. (1999). Stress in academic leadership: U.S. and Australian department chairs/heads. The Review of Higher Education, 22(2), 165–185.

Yulianto, B. (2020). Perilaku Pengguna APD sebagai Alternatif Meningkatkan Kinerja Karyawan yang Terpapar Bising Intensitas Tinggi. Scopindo Media Pustaka.

Yousefi, Midya, Rohini Devi, and Ahmad Shuib. (2020). Universal Journal of Educational Research 8(3A): 1-5. DOI: 10.13189/ujer.2020.081401

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/economia.v20i1.63021