Image Cloud Recognition Based on Public History as a Learning Media to Improve Historical Thinking of Non-Formal Education Students

Along with the development of globalization, history learning faces challenges to remain relevant and meaningful for students. Indonesia as a country with a rich history and diverse culture needs learning media innovations that are not only informative, but also able to connect students with the context of public history in the surrounding environment. This study aims to develop and test the effectiveness of public history-based Image Cloud Recognition (ICR) media in improving the historical thinking skills of high school students. The novelty of this research lies in the integration of cloud-based image recognition technology with local public history content as a medium of history learning, which is still rarely applied in the context of secondary education in Indonesia. The research uses the research and development method with the ADDIE model combined with a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design. The subject of the study involved history teachers and high school students in Semarang City. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and historical thinking ability tests, then analyzed using an independent sample t-test. The results of the analysis showed that the use of ICR media had a significant influence on the improvement of students' historical thinking skills compared to conventional learning media, which was shown by the t-value of Semarang City Learning Activity Studio (8.778) and Semarang Regency Ungaran Learning Activity Studio (10.239) which was greater than the t-value of the table (1.672) with a significance of p < 0.05. These findings show that ICR media is effective as a history learning medium because it is able to present visuals that are rich, contextual, and based on a real historical environment, thereby encouraging students to think critically in understanding the meaning and context of historical events.