Preschoolers’ construction of locutionary acts: Selection of modes and strategies

Titik Sudartinah

doi:10.21831/ltr.v21i2.49100

Preschoolers’ construction of locutionary acts: Selection of modes and strategies

Titik Sudartinah, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia

10.21831/ltr.v21i2.49100

Abstract

Preschoolers have been able to construct their utterances according to the function they want to achieve. In constructing them, in addition to the functions to be achieved, the modes and strategies used are also taken into consideration. This article examines the selection of modes and strategies of locutionary acts by preschoolers. This study used qualitative and quantitative data in the form of utterances of preschoolers and their frequency of occurrence. A total of 18 preschoolers in one of the preschools in Yogyakarta became participants in this study. The results show that incomplete declarative and literally direct strategy are the main mode and strategy used by the children in their locutionary acts. This implies that the exchange of information through statements and speech literalness are very important for preschoolers, especially in order to increase their understanding of the world around them.

Keywords: preschoolers, locutionary acts, modes, strategies

Konstruksi tindak lokusi tuturan anak usia prasekolah: Pemilihan modus dan strategi

Abstrak

Anak usia prasekolah telah dapat menyusun tuturannya sesuai dengan fungsi yang mereka kehendaki. Dalam penyusunannya, selain fungsi yang hendak dicapai, modus dan strategi yang digunakan dalam bertutur pun turut menjadi pertimbangan. Artikel ini mengupas tentang pemilihan modus dan strategi tindak lokusi sebagai bagian dari penyusunan tuturan yang dilakukan oleh anak usia prasekolah. Penelitian ini menggunakan data kualitatif dan kuantitatif berupa tuturan anak usia prasekolah dan frekuensi kemunculannya. Sebanyak 18 orang anak usia prasekolah di salah satu kelompok bermain di Yogyakarta menjadi partisipan dalam penelitian ini. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa modus berita tidak lengkap dan strategi literal langsung menjadi yang utama digunakan oleh anak-anak tersebut. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa pertukaran informasi melalui pernyataan dan keliteralan tuturan merupakan hal yang amat penting bagi anak-anak usia prasekolah, terutama dalam rangka untuk meningkatkan pemahaman mereka terhadap dunia di sekitarnya.

Kata kunci: anak usia prasekolah, tindak tutur, modus, strategi

Keywords

preschoolers; speech acts; modes; strategies

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/ltr.v21i2.49100