PENSKALAAN TEORI KLASIK INSTRUMEN MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES TIPE THURSTONE DAN LIKERT

Farida Agus Setiawati; Djemari Mardapi; Saifuddin Azwar

doi:10.21831/pep.v17i2.1699

PENSKALAAN TEORI KLASIK INSTRUMEN MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES TIPE THURSTONE DAN LIKERT

Farida Agus Setiawati, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
Djemari Mardapi, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
Saifuddin Azwar, Universitas Gajah Mada, Australia

10.21831/pep.v17i2.1699

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: 1) mengetahui hasil penskalaan instrumen multiple intelligences (MI) pada tipe Thurstone dan Likert dengan pendekatan klasik, 2) mengetahui karakteristik instrument MI pada tipe Thurstone dan Likert pada data asli dan data yang diskalakan, 3) membandingkan karakteristik psikometrik pada kedua tipe data yang sudah diskalakan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif yang pelaksanaannya terdiri dari empat bagian yang saling terkait, yaitu penelitian pengembangan instrumen, penskalaan pada data hasil ujicoba, analisis karakteristik psikometrik instrumen, dan perbandingan karakteristik psikometrik instrumen. Instrumen dikembangkan menggunakan tipe Thurstone dan Likert pada konstruk yang sama. Perbandingan karakteristik psikometrik kedua instrumen dilakukan secara diskriptif. Hasil penskalaan dengan metode paired comparison didapatkan urutan skor stimulus dari yang terendah yaitu: logika matematika, musik, linguistik, kinestetik, naturalis, visual, interpersonal, eksistensial dan intrapersonal. Penskalaan dengan metode summated ratingdihasilkan skor terstandar dari yang rendah hingga tinggi pada tiap respons. Terdapat perubahan skor, varian, reliabilitas dan kesalahan baku pengukuran (SEM) dari data asli dengan data yang diskalakan. Koefisien reliabilitas dan SEM instrumen tipe Thurstone lebih rendah dibanding tipe Likert.

Kata kunci: penskalaan, multiple intelligences, tipe Thurstone, tipe Likert

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SCALING CLASSICAL THEORY OF MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES CLASSICAL INSTRUMENT TYPE THURSTONE AND LIKERT

Abstract The study aimed to: 1) result the scaling data of multiple intelligence (MI) instruments of Thurstone and Likert types using the classical approach, 2) reveal the psychometric characteristics of Thurstone and Likert types in the original data and the scaled data, 3) compare the psychometric characteristics of the two types of data. The study used the quantitative research approach. The activity consisted of: developing instruments, processing the data scaling, analyzing the psychometric characteristics of the instruments, and comparing the psychometric characteristics of them. The instrument was developed using Thurstone and Likert types in the same constructs. The comparison of psychometric characteristics of two types of data was analyzed by descriptive statistic. The result of scaling using paired comparison method are the sequential scores from a low to high on mathematical-logical, musical, linguistic, kinesthetic, natural, visual, interpersonal, existential and intrapersonal inteligence. The scaling using summated rating produce scores that vary in each response. There are changes of variants and standard error of measurement (SEM) after transformed data. The reliability and SEM of the Thurstone type are lower than that of Likert type.

Keywords: scaling, multiple intelligence instrument, Thurstone type, Likert type

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/pep.v17i2.1699