KONSTRIBUSI KEBIJAKAN PENINGKATAN JUMLAH SISWA SMK TERHADAP PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI INDONESIA

Abstract

Abstrak: Untuk mendukung pembangunan ekonomi, Kementerian Pendidikan Nasional membuat
kebijakan yang signifikan tentang proporsi jumlah siswa SMA dan SMK dari 57,85%:42,15% pada tahun
2007 dan menjadi 30%:70% pada tahun 2014. Kebijakan tersebut diharapkan mendukung pertumbuhan
ekonomi dan mengurangi pengangguran. Kebijakan tersebut hanya didasarkan atas asumsi dan bukan
data. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk: (1) menemukan proporsi jumlah siswa SMA dibanding siswa SMK
tahun 2007 dan tahun 2014; (2) menemukan besarnya dukungan perbanyakan jumlah siswa SMK terhadap
pertumbuhan ekonomi; (3) menemukan kontribusi ekspansi jumlah siswa SMK terhadap pengurangan
pengangguran; (4) menyusun konsep proporsi jumlah siswa SMA dan SMK yang selaras dengan
kebutuhan pembangunan ekonomi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah diskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil
penelitian ditemukan bahwa: (1) proporsi jumlah siswa SMA:SMK pada tahun 2014 adalah 51%:49%;
(2) peningkatan jumlah siswa SMK tidak mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi; (3) peningkatan jumlah
siswa SMK menyebabkan tingkat pengangguran lulusan SMK makin tinggi; dan (4) idealnya, proporsi
jumlah siswa SMA dan SMK didasarkan atas kebutuhan tenaga kerja.
Kata kunci: proporsi, konstribusi, pertumbuhan ekonomi, dan pengagguran
THE CONTRIBUTION OF POLICY OF INCREASING THE NUMBER
OF VOCATIONAL STUDENTS TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA
Abstract: To support economic development, The National Education Ministry made significant policy
regarding the ratio of general secondary school students to vocational secondary school students from
57.85%:42.15% in 2007 to 30%:70% by 2014, supposedly. It is expected that the policy can support
economic growth dan reduce unemployment. This policy change was decided based on assumption only
and not based on accurate labor information. The objectives of this study were to find out: (1) proportion
of general and vocational school students in 2007 and 2014; (2) the support to economic development
from increasing the number of vocational secondary school students in 2007 and 2014; (3) to find out the
contribution of increasing the number of vocational school students to unemployment reduction; and (4)
the concept of link & match between vocational school and the world of work in terms of quantity.The
research method used to achieve the objectives of research was descriptive quantitative. The research
found that: (1) the ratio of general and vocational secondary school students was 51%:49% in 2014;
(2) increasing the number of vocational school students did not support economic growth; (3) increasing
the number of vocational school students increased unemployment of vocational school graduates; and
(4) ideally, proportion of general and vocational students must be based on the needs of labor.
Keywords: proportion, contribution, economic growth, and unemployment