Analisis Potensi Bahaya Dan Risiko Di Bengkel Otomotif Prodi Sarjana Terapan Mesin Otomotif Fakultas Vokasi Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Menggunakan Metode HIRA (Hazard Identification And Risk Assessment)

Indonesia, Inggris

Abstract

Abstract

This study identifies hazards, assesses risk levels, and formulates risk-control recommendations for the automotive workshop of the Applied Bachelor Program in Automotive Engineering, Faculty of Vocational Studies, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. A descriptive design using the Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment （HIRA） approach was employed. Primary data were collected from 104 students who used the workshop through observation and questionnaires, while practicum job sheets were used as secondary data to identify work activities and potential hazards. Risk level was determined from likelihood and severity using a risk matrix referring to AS/NZS 4360 and the University of New South Wales risk-management guidance. The study identified 45 hazards consisting of 4 physical,22 mechanical, 6 chemical, 6 electrical, 2 ergonomic, 3 biological, and 2 psychological hazards. The risk assessment classified 24 hazards as low risk, 20 as medium risk, and 1 as high risk. The high-risk item was associated with electric shock from the electrical network, while mechanical hazards were the most frequently identified category. Risk-control recommendations were formulated according to the Hierarchy of Controls and included improving workshop conditions, periodic inspection of electrical installations and equipment, development and enforcement of standard operating procedures, installation of safety signs, supervision of personal protective equipment use, and occupational safety and health training. The results provide a structured basis for prioritizing corrective actions in the workshop. Further implementation should verify whether the recommended controls reduce residual risk through periodic reassessment.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi potensi bahaya, menilai tingkat risiko, dan menyusun rekomendasi pengendalian risiko pada Bengkel Otomotif Program Studi Sarjana Terapan Mesin Otomotif, Fakultas Vokasi, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Penelitian menggunakan desain deskriptif dengan pendekatan Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA). Data primer dikumpulkan melalui observasi dan kuesioner kepada 104 mahasiswa pengguna bengkel, sedangkan jobsheet praktikum digunakan sebagai data sekunder untuk mengidentifikasi aktivitas kerja dan potensi bahaya. Tingkat risiko ditentukan berdasarkan nilai likelihood dan severity melalui matriks risiko yang mengacu pada AS/NZS 4360 dan pedoman manajemen risiko University of New South Wales. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi 45 potensi bahaya yang terdiri atas 4 bahaya fisis, 22 mekanik, 6 kimia, 6 listrik, 2 ergonomi, 3 biologis, dan 2 psikologis. Penilaian risiko mengelompokkan 24 potensi bahaya dalam kategori rendah, 20 kategori sedang, dan 1 kategori tinggi. Risiko tinggi berkaitan dengan potensi tersengat listrik dari jaringan listrik, sedangkan bahaya mekanik merupakan kategori yang paling banyak teridentifikasi. Rekomendasi pengendalian disusun berdasarkan Hierarchy of Controls, meliputi perbaikan kondisi bengkel, pemeriksaan berkala instalasi listrik dan peralatan, penyusunan dan penerapan SOP, pemasangan rambu keselamatan, pengawasan penggunaan APD, serta pelatihan K3. Temuan memberikan dasar terstruktur untuk menentukan prioritas tindakan perbaikan di bengkel. Implementasi berikutnya perlu mengevaluasi efektivitas pengendalian melalui penilaian risiko residual secara berkala.