Kemampuan siswa menyelesaikan masalah berbentuk soal cerita sistem persamaan linear ditinjau dari kemampuan penalaran

Dimas Aditya Yudha Pradana; Budi Murtiyasa

doi:10.21831/pg.v15i2.35419

Kemampuan siswa menyelesaikan masalah berbentuk soal cerita sistem persamaan linear ditinjau dari kemampuan penalaran

Dimas Aditya Yudha Pradana, Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia
Budi Murtiyasa, Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, Indonesia

10.21831/pg.v15i2.35419

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendeskripsikan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita sistem persamaan linear dua variabel ditinjau dari kemampuan penalaran matematis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Subjek dalam penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII C SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Surakarta tahun 2019/2020. Teknik pengambilan subjek berdasarkan tingkat kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa sehingga diperoleh tiga subjek kelas VIII C dengan kategori penalaran matematis rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa hasil tes, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) siswa dengan penalaran matematis rendah belum dapat menentukan syarat cukup dan syarat perlu dalam memahami masalah, belum dapat menentukan strategi penyelesaian masalah, belum dapat melaksanakan rencana dan belum dapat memeriksa perhitungan jawaban; (2) siswa dengan penalaran matematis sedang mampu menentukan syarat cukup dan syarat perlu dalam memahami masalah dan dapat menentukan strategi penyelesaian masalah, namun belum dapat melaksanakan rencana dan memeriksa perhitungan jawaban; (3) siswa dengan penalaran matematis tinggi mampu menentukan syarat cukup dan syarat perlu dalam memahami masalah, mampu menentukan strategi penyelesaian masalah, dapat melaksanakan rencana, dan dapat memeriksa perhitungan jawaban; dan (4) penyebab kesalahan siswa yaitu siswa tidak menuliskan semua informasi, tidak melakukan pemisalan, dan menuliskan proses pemecahan masalah secara tidak sistematis.

The students' ability to solve world problems of linear equation system in term of reasoning skills

Abstract

This study aimed to describe the students’ ability to solve word problems of a linear equation system in two variables in terms of mathematical reasoning skills. This study was qualitative research with descriptive methods. The subjects were eight graders of a private junior high school, namely SMP Muhammadiyah 10 Surakarta, in 2019/2020. The subjects were three students chosen based on the level of mathematical reasoning skills, namely low, medium, and high. The data collection techniques in the form of test results, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The results indicated that: (1) the student with low mathematical reasoning was unable to understand problems, unable to determine problem-solving strategies, unable to implement plans, and unable to looking-back the solution; (2) the student with moderate mathematical reasoning was able to understand problems and determine problem-solving strategies, but unable to carry out plans and looking back the solution yet; (3) the student with high mathematical reasoning was able to understand problems, determine problem-solving strategies, carry out plans, and looking back at the solution; and (4) the causes of student errors, namely students did not write down all important information in the problems, did not make supposition, and wrote problem-solving process unsystematically.

Keywords

Pemecahan masalah; penalaran matematis; persamaan linear dua variabel; soal cerita matematika; mathematical reasoning

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/pg.v15i2.35419