Project-Based Learning on STEAM-Based Student's Worksheet with Ecoprint Technique: Effects on Student Scientific Reasoning and Creativity

Irdalisa Irdalisa; Paidi Paidi; Rashmi Ranjan Panigrahi; Erlia Hanum

doi:10.21831/jipi.v10i2.77676

Project-Based Learning on STEAM-Based Student's Worksheet with Ecoprint Technique: Effects on Student Scientific Reasoning and Creativity

Irdalisa Irdalisa, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. DR. HAMKA, Indonesia
Paidi Paidi, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Rashmi Ranjan Panigrahi, GITAM School of Business, GITAM (Deemed to Be University), Visakhapatnam, India
Erlia Hanum, Universitas Al Muslim, Indonesia

10.21831/jipi.v10i2.77676

Abstract

The use of conventional worksheets will likely limit students' ability to explore themselves and their critical and analytical thinking, which can enhance their scientific reasoning and creativity. This situation demands the need for student worksheets linked to technology, art, and mathematics to adapt to the demands of the times. This study aims to determine the effect of project-based learning by analyzing student worksheets based on science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM) using the eco-print technique on students’ scientific reasoning and creativity. This research is a quasi-experimental study. The research sample is 160 students of a public senior high school in Jakarta, randomly selected and grouped into control and experimental groups, each consisting of 80 students. Data on scientific reasoning were collected using a test, while student creativity was measured with a questionnaire and observation sheet. The data obtained were analyzed using a one-way analysis of covariance at the significance level of 5%. The results show that the application of project-based learning on STEAM-based student worksheets using the eco-print technique significantly affects the students’ achievement of scientific reasoning and creativity. The use of STEAM-based student worksheets with the eco-print technique serves as an innovative learning media to enhance the quality of education, as it can facilitate and increase active student engagement in collaborative projects that integrate various STEAM elements, thereby improving student competencies.

Keywords

eco-print; PjBL; scientific reasoning; STEAM; student creativity; worksheet

Full Text:

FULLTEXT PDF

References

Aguilera, D., & Ortiz-Revilla, J. (2021). Stem vs. Steam education and student creativity: A systematic literature review. Education Sciences, 11(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11070331

Agustina, W., Degeng, I. N. S., Praherdhiono, H., & Lestaric, S. R. (2022). The effect of blended project-based learning for enhancing student’s scientific literacy skills: an experimental study in university. Pegem Egitim ve Ogretim Dergisi, 13(1), 223–233. https://doi.org/10.47750/pegegog.13.01.24

Ajwar, M., Faridah, F., Mariamah, Ratnah, Suratman, Sulfahri, & Muniarti, P. (2021). The development of students creativity through the implementation of guided inquiry method on sciences. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1778(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1778/1/012020

Alkautsar, S., Nuryady, Moh. M., Husamah, H., Wahyono, P., & Miharja, F. J. (2023). STEM-PjBL worksheet : Ways to improve students’ collaboration, creativity, and computational thinking. Jurnal Kependidikan: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian Dan Kajian Kepustakaan Di Bidang Pendidikan, Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran, 9(2), 681. https://doi.org/10.33394/jk.v9i2.7587

Ananda, L. R., Rahmawati, Y., & Khairi, F. (2023). Critical thinking skills of chemistry students by integrating design thinking with steam-pjbl. Journal of Technology and Science Education, 13(1), 352–367. https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.1938

Anazifa, R. D., & Djukri. (2017). Project- based learning and problem- based learning: Are they effective to improve student’s thinking skills? Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 6(2), 346–355. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v6i2.11100

Asrizal, A., Dhanil, M., & Usmeldi, U. (2023). The effect of STEAM on science learning on student learning achievement: A Meta-Analysis. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(4), 1650–1657. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i4.3108

Ayuni, M. S., Distrik, I. W., & Viyanti, V. (2022). The effect of E-LKPD assisted PJBL-STEM learning model on scientific reasoning ability and argumentation performance of class XII science students in renewable energy materials. Physics Education Research Journal, 4(1), 79–86. https://doi.org/10.21580/perj.2022.4.2.12634

Bao, L., Fang, K., Cai, T., Wang, J., Yang, L., Cui, L., Han, J., Ding, L., & Luo, Y. (2009). Learning of content knowledge and development of scientific reasoning ability: A cross culture comparison. American Journal of Physics, 77(12), 1118–1123. https://doi.org/10.1119/1.2976334

Barron, B., & Chen, M. (2008). Teaching for meaningful learning: A review of research on inquiry-based and cooperative learning. Powerful Learning: What We Know About Teaching for Understanding, 11–70.

Beghetto, R. A. (2005). Does assessment kill student creativity? Educational Forum, 69(3), 254–263. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131720508984694

Belbase, S., Mainali, B. R., Kasemsukpipat, W., Tairab, H., Gochoo, M., & Jarrah, A. (2022). At the dawn of science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM) education: prospects, priorities, processes, and problems. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 53(11), 2919–2955. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020739X.2021.1922943

Belwal, R., Belwal, S., Sufian, A. B., & Al Badi, A. (2020). Project-based learning (PBL): outcomes of students’ engagement in an external consultancy project in Oman. Education and Training, 63(3), 336–359. https://doi.org/10.1108/ET-01-2020-0006

Bezci, F., & Sungur, S. (2021). How is middle school students’ scientific reasoning ability associated with gender and learning environment? Science Education International, 32(2), 96–106. https://doi.org/10.33828/sei.v32.i2.2

Bintrim, R. (2008). Eco Colour: Botanical dyes for beautiful textiles by India Flint. In Fashion Theory (Vol. 12, Issue 4, pp. 547–550). https://doi.org/10.2752/175174108x346986

Blackley, S., Rahmawati, Y., Fitriani, E., Sheffield, R., & Koul, R. (2018). Using a makerspace approach to engage Indonesian primary students with STEM. Issues in Educational Research, 28(1), 18–42.

Boy, G. A. (2013). Orchestrating Human-Centered Design. Orchestrating Human-Centered Design, January 2013, 1–2. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4339-0

Chiang, C. L., & Lee, H. (2016). The effect of project-based learning on learning motivation and problem-solving ability of vocational high school students. International Journal of Information and Education Technology, 6(9), 709–712. https://doi.org/10.7763/ijiet.2016.v6.779

Chistyakov, A. A., Zhdanov, S. P., Avdeeva, E. L., Dyadichenko, E. A., Kunitsyna, M. L., & Yagudina, R. I. (2023). Exploring the characteristics and effectiveness of project-based learning for science and STEAM education. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 19(5). https://doi.org/10.29333/EJMSTE/13128

Choowong, K., & Worapun, W. (2021). The development of scientific reasoning ability on concept of light and image of grade 9 students by using inquiry-based learning 5E with prediction observation and explanation strategy. Journal of Education and Learning, 10(5), 152. https://doi.org/10.5539/jel.v10n5p152

Conradty, C., & Bogner, F. X. (2020). STEAM teaching professional development works: effects on students’ creativity and motivation. Smart Learning Environments, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-020-00132-9

Darling-Hammond, L., Flook, L., Cook-Harvey, C., Barron, B., & Osher, D. (2020). Implications for educational practice of the science of learning and development. Applied Developmental Science, 24(2), 97–140. https://doi.org/10.1080/10888691.2018.1537791

Daryanti, E. P., Rinanto, Y., & Dwiastuti, S. (2015). The improved scientific reasoning skills through Guided inquiry model of learning in the human respiratory system material. Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Dan Sains, 3(2), 163–168.

Daugherty, K. M. (2013). The Prospect of an “A” in STEM education. Journal of STEAM Education, 14(2), 10–15.

Deta, U. A., & Widha, S. (2013). Pengaruh Metode Inkuiri Terbimbing Dan Proyek, Kreativitas, Serta Keterampilan Proses Sains Terhadap Prestasi Belajar Siswa. Jurnal Pendidikan Fisika Indonesia, 9(1), 28–34. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpfi.v9i1.2577

Develaki, M. (2017). Using computer simulations for promoting model-based reasoning. Science & Education, 26(7), 1001–1027. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11191-017-9944-9

Dinantika, H. K., Suyanto, E., & Nyeneng, I. D. P. (2019). Pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran project based learning terhadap kreativitas siswa pada materi energi terbarukan. Titian Ilmu: Jurnal Ilmiah Multi Sciences, 11(2), 73–80. https://doi.org/10.30599/jti.v11i2.473

Dixon, R. A., & Brown, R. A. (2012). Transfer of learning: Connecting concepts during problem solving. Journal of Technology Education, 24(1), 2–17. https://doi.org/10.21061/jte.v24i1.a.1

Evans, C. (2020). Measuring student success skills: a review of the literature on creativity. Center For Assessment, November, 1–18.

Fatmala, Y., & Hartati, S. (2020). Pengaruh membatik ecoprint terhadap perkembangan kreativitas seni anak di Taman Kanak-Kanak. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusari, 4(2), 1143–1155.

Fawaiz, S., Handayanto, S. K., & Wahyudi, H. S. (2020). Eksplorasi keterampilan penalaran ilmiah berdasarkan jenis kelamin siswa SMA. Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, Dan Pengembangan, 5(7), 934. https://doi.org/10.17977/jptpp.v5i7.13721

Firdaus, L. et al. (2021). Measuring the level of scientic reasoning ability of biology prospective teachers. Bioscientist : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi, 9(1), 63–71.

Guo, P., Saab, N., Post, L. S., & Admiraal, W. (2020). A review of project-based learning in higher education: Student outcomes and measures. International Journal of Educational Research, 102(May), 101586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2020.101586

Hadi, W. P., Muharrami, L. K., & Utami, D. S. (2021). Identifikasi kemampuan penalaran ilmiah berdasarkan gender. Wahana Matematika Dan Sains: Jurnal Matematika, Sains, Dan Pembelajarannya, 15(2), 133–142.

Han, S., Rosli, R., Capraro, M. M., & Capraro, R. M. (2016). The effect of Science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) project based learning (PBL) on students’ Achievement in four mathematics topics. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 13(Specialissue), 3–30. https://doi.org/10.12973/tused.10168a

Handayani, A. G., Windyariani, S., & Yanuar Pauzi, R. (2020). Profil tingkat penalaran ilmiah siswa sekolah menengah atas pada materi ekosistem. Biodik, 6(2), 176–186. https://doi.org/10.22437/bio.v6i2.9411

Hargrove, R. A. (2013). Assessing the long-term impact of a metacognitive approach to creative skill development. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 23(3), 489–517. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10798-011-9200-6

Hasruddin, H., & Aulia, R. N. (2023). Students’ scientific reasoning skills through RICOSRE model in environmental changes topic. JPBI (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Indonesia), 9(3), 445–451. https://doi.org/10.22219/jpbi.v9i3.29308

Hejnová, E., Eisenmann, P., Cihlář, J., & Přibyl, J. (2018). Relations between scientific reasoning and culture of problem solving. Journal on Efficiency and Responsibility in Education and Science, 11(2), 38–44. https://doi.org/10.7160/eriesj.2018.110203.Introduction

Herak, R., & Hadung Lamanepa, G. (2019). Meningkatkan kreatifitas siswa melalui STEM dalam pembelajaran IPA increasing student creativity through STEM in science learning. Jurnal EduMatSains, 4(1), 89–98.

Herro, D., Quigley, C., Andrews, J., & Delacruz, G. (2017). Co-Measure: developing an assessment for student collaboration in STEAM activities. International Journal of STEM Education, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40594-017-0094-z

Hsbollah, H. M., & Hassan, H. (2022). Creating meaningful learning experiences with active, fun, and technology elements in the problem-based learning approach and Its implications. Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction, 19(1), 147–181. https://doi.org/10.32890/mjli2022.19.1.6

Ilyas, S. N., R., R. K., Dzulfadhilah, F., H, S. R. A., & Lismayani, A. (2023). The influence of ecoprint batik iron blanket technique on increasing early childhood creativity. Edumaspul: Jurnal Pendidikan, 7(1), 803–810. https://doi.org/10.33487/edumaspul.v7i1.5655

Irdalisa, I., Amirullah, G., Hanum, E., Elvianasti, M., & Maesaroh, M. (2023). Developing STEAM-based students’ worksheet with the ecoprint technique in biology subject. Jurnal Kependidikan: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian Dan Kajian Kepustakaan Di Bidang Pendidikan, Pengajaran Dan Pembelajaran, 9(1), 132. https://doi.org/10.33394/jk.v9i1.6775

Irdalisa, Paidi, & Djukri. (2020). Implementation of technology-based guided inquiry to improve tpack among prospective biology teachers. International Journal of Instruction, 13(2), 33–44. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2020.1323a

Jalinus, N., Nabawi, R. A., & Mardin, A. (2017). The Seven steps of project based learning model to enhance productive competences of vocational students. 102(Ictvt), 251–256. https://doi.org/10.2991/ictvt-17.2017.43

Jamali, S. M., Md Zain, A. N., Samsudin, M. A., & Ale Ebrahim, N. (2017). Self-efficacy, scientific reasoning, and learning achievement in the stem project-based learning literature. Journal of Nusantara Studies (JONUS), 2(2), 29. https://doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol2iss2pp29-43

Jantassova, D., Hockley, A. D., Shebalina, O., & Akhmetova, D. (2023). Evaluation of communication and collaboration processes for creating an integrative STEAM space at the Saginov Technical University. TEM Journal, 12(1), 470–481. https://doi.org/10.18421/TEM121-57

Jeong, S., & Kim, H. (2015). The effect of a climate change monitoring program on students’ knowledge and perceptions of STEAM education in Korea. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 11(6), 1321–1338. https://doi.org/10.12973/eurasia.2015.1390a

Kasih, D., Utami, F. B., & Rahayu, W. (2023). Implementation of the eco-print technique in improving the early childhood naturalist intelligence. 26(2). https://doi.org/10.20961/paedagogia.v26i2.77784

Katz-Buonincontro, J. (2018). Gathering STE(A)M: Policy, curricular, and programmatic developments in arts-based science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education Introduction to the special issue of Arts Education Policy Review: STEAM Focus. Arts Education Policy Review, 119(2), 73–76. https://doi.org/10.1080/10632913.2017.1407979

Kifti, W. M., & Rahayu, E. (2022). Implementing ecoprint in making environmentally friendly batik by DWP Asahan regency. Jurdinas (Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat) Royal, 5(1), 67–72.

Kurniawati, F., Saleh, A. Y., & Safitri, S. (2022). How to foster students’ creativity? The effects of teacher subjective well-being mediation on the intellectual humility. Cakrawala Pendidikan, 41(1), 31–42. https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v41i1.40055

Lawson, A. E. (2004). The nature and development of scientific reasoning: A synthetic view. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 2(3), 307–338. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-004-3224-2

Lazonder, A. W. (2023). Inquiry-based learning (R. J. Tierney, F. Rizvi, & K. B. T.-I. E. of E. (Fourth E. Ercikan, Eds.; pp. 630–636). Elsevier. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-818630-5.14072-2

Leasa, M., Papilaya, P. M., Batlolona, J. R., & Nuniary, S. (2023). Project-based learning: Changing students’ scientific thinking to be creative from waste natural materials. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(1), 350–359. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i1.2459

Lee, C.-D. (2014). Worksheet usage, reading achievement, classes’ lack of readiness, and science achievement: A cross-country comparison. International Journal of Education in Mathematics, Science and Technology, 2(2), 96–106. https://doi.org/10.18404/ijemst.38331

Liu, C.-Y., Wu, C.-J., Chien, Y.-H., Tzeng, S.-Y., & Kuo, H.-C. (2023). Examining the quality of art in STEAM learning activities. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 17(3), 382–393. https://doi.org/10.1037/aca0000404

Lu, S. Y., Lo, C. C., & Syu, J. Y. (2022). Project-based learning oriented STEAM: the case of micro–bit paper-cutting lamp. International Journal of Technology and Design Education, 32(5), 2553–2575. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10798-021-09714-1

Luzyawati, L., Hamidah, I., & Ratnasari, A. (2021). Scientific reasoning abilities in religion major on biology course to utilize the project-based learning. Proceedings of the 1st Paris Van Java International Seminar on Health, Economics, Social Science and Humanities (PVJ-ISHESSH 2020), 535, 6–10. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210304.034

Maida, C. A. (2011). Project-based learning: A critical pedagogy for the twenty-first century. Policy Futures in Education, 9(6), 759–768. https://doi.org/10.2304/pfie.2011.9.6.759

Martawijaya, M. A., Rahmadhanningsih, S., Swandi, A., Hasyim, M., & Sujiono, E. H. (2023). The effect of applying the ethno-stem-project-based learning model on students’ higher-order thinking skill and misconception of physics topics related to Lake Tempe, Indonesia. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 12(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v12i1.38703

Miller, Arthur. I., Wilson, B., & Hawkins, B. (2019). Featuring art and science in a transdisciplinary curriculum circe magazine: STEAM edition. Circe Magazine: STEAM Edition, January, 0–167.

Min, S.-A., Jeon, I.-S., & Kisang, S. (2021). The Effects of artificial intelligence convergence education using machine learning platform on STEAM literacy and learning flow. Journal of The Korea Society of Computer and Information, 26(10), 199–208.

Nabila, R. T. N., & Kamaludin, A. (2023). Development of E-worksheet based on STEAM-PjBL in reaction rate material to improve creative thinking skills high school student. Jurnal Iqra’ : Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan, 8(1), 299–317. https://doi.org/10.25217/ji.v8i1.3540

Nirmayani, L. H., & Dewi, N. P. C. P. (2021). Model pembelajaran berbasis proyek (project based learning) sesuai pembelajaran abad 21 bermuatan Tri Kaya Parisudha. Jurnal Pedagogi Dan Pembelajaran, 4(3), 378. https://doi.org/10.23887/jp2.v4i3.39891

Nurhasanah, M., Suprapto, P. K., & Ardiansyah, R. (2024). The Effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning Assisted by Articulate Storyline Interactive Students’ Critical Thinking Skills. Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan IPA, 10(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.21831/jipi.v10i1.64847

Nurhidayah, I. J., Wibowo, F. C., & Astra, I. M. (2021). Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model in science learning: Literature review. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2019(1), 3–9. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2019/1/012043

Nurmasitah, S., Solikhah, R., Widowati, & Milannisa, A. S. (2022). The impact of different types of mordant on the eco-print dyeing using tingi ( Ceriops tagal). IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 969(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/969/1/012046

Nurulwati, N., Putriana, P., Nurhayati, N., Susanna, S., & Musdar, M. (2023). Increasing students’ creativity and learning outcomes on substance pressure materials with the mind mapping learning method. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 9(3), 987–992. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v9i3.1724

Patresia, I., Silitonga, M., & Ginting, A. (2020). Developing biology students’ worksheet based on STEAM to empower science process skills. JPBI (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Indonesia), 6(1), 147–156. https://doi.org/10.22219/jpbi.v6i1.10225

Pearson, R. (2022). STEAM education and the whole child: Examining policy and barries. International Journal of the Whole Child: Examining Policy and Barries, 7(2), 109–120.

Pllana, D. (2019). Creativity in modern education. World Journal of Education, 9(2), 136. https://doi.org/10.5430/wje.v9n2p136

Prajoko, S., Sukmawati, I., Maris, A. F., & Wulanjani, A. N. (2023). Project Based Learning (Pjbl) model with stem approach on students’ conceptual understanding and creativity. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 12(3), 401–409. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v12i3.42973

Puangpunsi, N. (2021). Learners’ perception towards project-based learning in encouraging english skills performance and 21 st century skills. Thaitesol Journal, 34(1), 1–24.

Putri, S. W. D., Heldanita, Marlisa, W., Arifin, Z., Nurhayati, Sariah, & Suryanti, D. S. (2023). Meningkatkan kreativitas anak usia dini melalui teknik ecoprint. PAUD Lectura: Journal of Early Childhood Education, 6(2), 82–91. https://doi.org/10.31849/paud-lectura.v

Rahardjanto, A., Husamah, & Fauzi, A. (2019). Hybrid-PjBL: Learning outcomes, creative thinking skills, and learning motivation of preservice teacher. International Journal of Instruction, 12(2), 179–192. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.12212a

Rahman, M. K., Suharto, B., & Iriani, R. (2020). Meningkatkan berpikir kreatif dan hasil belajar menggunakan model PjBL berbasis STEAM pada materi laruran elektrolit dan nonelektrolit. JCAE (Journal of Chemistry And Education), 3(1), 10–22. https://doi.org/10.20527/jcae.v3i1.306

Robinson, J. K. (2013). Project-based learning: improving student engagement and performance in the laboratory. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 405(1), 7–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-012-6473-x

Sa’adah, Ullyatus., E. (2022). Pengembangan students worksheet online berbasis STREAM pada materi fluida dinamis untuk meningkatkan kreativitas peserta didik. Unnes Physics Education Journal, 11(1).

Safitri, M., Nurlina, N., & Bancong, H. (2023). The influence of the steam learning model on motivation and results in science learning in class V students. Jurnal Pendidikan (Teori Dan Praktik), 8(2), 129–137. https://doi.org/10.26740/jp.v8n2.p129-137

Shofiyah, N., Supardi, Z. A. I., & Jatmiko, B. (2013). Mengembangkan penalaran ilmiah (Scientific reasoning) siswa melalui model pembelajran 5E pada siswa kelas X sman 15 surabaya. Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia, 2(1), 83–87. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpii.v2i1.2514

Sigit, D. V., Ristanto, R. H., & Mufida, S. N. (2022). Integration of project-based E-learning with STEAM: An innovative solution to learn ecological concept. International Journal of Instruction, 15(3), 23–40. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2022.1532a

Sousa, C. F., Pellissier, R., & Monteiro, P. I. (2012). Creativity, innovation and collaborative organization. International Journal of Organizational Innovation, 5(1), 1–39.

Suprapto, E., Krisdiana, I., Apriandi, D., & Yuanawati, F. R. (2023). Development of steam-c integrated student worksheets to improve creative thinking ability on flat side building materials. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 15(1), 549–564. https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v15i1.2480

Suwarno, S., & Hasanudin, S. (2020). Project-based learning model assisted by worksheet : It ’ s effect on students ’ creativity and learning outcomes. JPBI (Jurnal Pendidikan Biologi Indonesia), 6(1), 113–122.

Syukri, M., Ukhaira, Z., Zainuddin, Z., Herliana, F., & Arsad, N. M. (2022). The influence of STEAM based learning application on students’ critical thinking ability. Asian Journal of Science Education, 4(2), 37–45. https://doi.org/10.24815/ajse.v4i2.28272

Ummah, S. K., Inam, A., & Azmi, R. D. (2019). Creating manipulatives: Improving students’ creativity through project-based learning. Journal on Mathematics Education, 10(1), 93–102. https://doi.org/10.22342/jme.10.1.5093.93-102

Viyanti, Widyastuti, Suyatna, A., Nurulsari, N., & Dinantikan, H. K. (2023). Scientific reasoning analysis on the implementation of PjBL-worksheet on renewable energy topic in high school physics learning (Vol. 1). Atlantis Press SARL. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-060-2_46

Weng, X., Chiu, T. K. F., & Tsang, C. C. (2022). Promoting student creativity and entrepreneurship through real-world problem-based maker education. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 45(April), 101046. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2022.101046

Widiantoro, S. (2020). Pengembangan model pembelajaran ecoprint untuk meningkatakan keterampilan abad 21 di Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Didaktika Pendidikan Dasar, 4(3), 759–778. https://doi.org/10.26811/didaktika.v4i3.142

Yamin, Y., Permanasari, A., Redjeki, S., & Sopandi, W. (2017). Application of model project based learning on integrated science in water pollution. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 895(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/895/1/012153

Yeh, Y. chu, & Ting, Y. S. (2023). Comparisons of creativity performance and learning effects through digital game-based creativity learning between elementary school children in rural and urban areas. In British Journal of Educational Psychology (Vol. 93, Issue 3, pp. 790–805). https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12594

Yulianti, E., & Zhafirah, N. N. (2020). Peningkatan kemampuan penalaran ilmiah siswa sekolah menengah pertama melalui model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing. Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA, 6(1), 125. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v6i1.341

Zen, Z., Reflianto, Syamsuar, & Ariani, F. (2022). Academic achievement: the effect of project-based online learning method and student engagement. Heliyon, 8(11). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11509

Zimmermann, C. (2005). The development of scientific reasoning skill. Developmental Review, 20(1), 99–149. https://doi.org/10.1006/drev.1999.0497

Zulkipli, Z. A., Mohd Yusof, M. M., Ibrahim, N., & Dalim, S. F. (2020). Identifying scientific reasoning skills of science education students. Asian Journal of University Education, 16(3), 275–280. https://doi.org/10.24191/ajue.v16i3.10311

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/jipi.v10i2.77676