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The Implementation of the Scientific Approach through 5Ms of The New Curriculum of 2013 in Indonesia
Abstract
Abstract. In 2013, the Indonesian government implemented a new curriculum, namely Curriculum 2013 (C-13). The C-13 applies scientific approach in the learning process. This research aimed at depicting teachers performance in implementing the scientific approach with 5Ms in schools, including observing (Mengamati), questioning (Menanya), experimenting (Mencoba), Reasoning (Menalar), and communicating the results (Mengomunikasikan). This survey research was conducted in the years of 2013-2015 in eight senior high schools, involving 8 principals/vice principals, 16 biology teachers, and 80 students, and in 100 observable lessons. The data in this study were collected using a questionnaire, interview and observation. The data were subsequently analysed with descriptive quantitative. The results indicate that the teachers strived in implementing the scientific approach through 5Ms. The percentage of teachers who were good category in conducting the scientific approach was as follows: (1) Observing (M1) was 22.7%, (2) Asking questions (M2)was 27.8%, (3) Doing experiments (M3) was 23.9%, (4) Reasoning (M4) was 7.9%, and (5) Communicating (M5) was 18%. Therefore, it was concluded that the teachers still needed more training in conducting the scientific process through 5Ms in the implementation of the revised curriculum.
Keyword: curriculum 2013, curriculum implementation, scientific approach, 5M
IMPLEMENTASI PENDEKATAN SAINTIFIK LEWAT TEKNIK 5M DALAM KURIKULUM 2013 EDISI REVISI DI INDONESIA
Abstrak. Pada tahun 2013 Pemerintah Indonesia menerapkan kurikulum baru, yaitu Kurikulum 2013 (K-13). K-13 menerapkan Pendekatan Saintifik dengan 5M dalam pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja guru dalam penerapan Pendekatan Saintifik melalui 5M di sekolah, meliputi kegiatan Mengamati (M1), Menanya (M2), Mencoba (M3), Menalar (M4), dan Mengomunikasikan (M5). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian survei yang dilakukan pada delapan SMA yang menerapkan K-13, melibatkan 8 Kepala Sekolah/Wakil Kepala Sekolah urusan kurikulum, 18 orang guru Biologi, dan 80 siswa yang belajar biologi dengan K-13, pada 100 pelajaran. Data dikumpulkan lewat angket, wawancara, dan pengamatan, sedang analisis data dilakukan dengan tknik deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kinerja guru dalam menerapkan Pendekatan saintifik 5M belum optimal. Persentase guru yang memiliki kinerja dalam kategori baik adalah sebagai berikut (1) Mengamati 22.7%, (2) Menanya27.8%, (3) Mencoba 23.9%, (4) Menalar 7.9%, dan M5 (Mengomunikasikan) 18.9 %. Secara berangsur kesulitan tersebut menurun sejalan dengan waktu. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa para guru masih membutuhkan pelatihan K13 khususnya pada Pendekatan Saintifik 5M.
Kata Kunci: kurikulum 2013, implementasi kurikulum, pendekatan saintifik, 5M
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v37i1.18719
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