The Role of Job Crafting and Perceived Organizational Support on Millennial Work Engagement

Authors

  • R. Mahendra Wijaya Santoso Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
  • Noor Siti Rahmani Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21831/pri.v8i1.81424

Keywords:

job crafting, perceived organizational support, work engagement, millennial generation, startup company

Abstract

The organization should prioritize and improve employee engagement if the organization wants to effectively realize their goals and objectives. This study examines the impact of work engagement predicted by job crafting and perceived organizational support on millennials working in startup companies. This study proposes a hypothesis that job crafting and perceived organizational support have a positive role in predicting work engagement. Respondent are 162 employees working in various startup companies in Indonesia that must fill the scale of job crafting and perceived organizational support. Data was analyzed by multiple regression analysis. These results prove the research hypothesis which states that job crafting and perceived organizational support together have a positive role on work involvement can be accepted. Job crafting and perceived organizational support together contributed 40.9% in influencing work engagement.

References

Azizah, R., & Ratnaningsih, I. Z. (2018). Hubungan antara Job Crafting dengan Keterikatan Kerja Pada Karyawan Generasi Y di Kantor Pusat PT. Bank Bukopin Tbk Jakarta. Jurnal Empati, 7 (2), 167-173.

Azwar. (2012). Penyusunan Skala Psikologi. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

Bakker & Demerouti. (2007). The Job Demands-Resources Model: State of the Art. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 22 (3), 309-328. doi: 10.1108/02683940710733115

Bano, S., Vyas, K., & Gupta, R. (2015). Perceived Organizational Support and Work Engagement: A Cross Generational Study. Journal of Psychosocial Research, 357-364.

Berg & Dutton. (2008). Crafting A Fulfilling Job : Bringing Passion Into Work Retrieved. Positive Organizational Scholarship, 105-122.

Blank & Dorf. (2012). The Startup Owner Manual: The Step-by-Step Guide for Building a Great Company Volume 1. New York: K&S Ranch.

Caesens, G., & Stinglhamber, F. (2014). The Relationship Between Perceived Organizational Support and Work Engagement: The Role of Self-Efficacy and its Outcomes. Revue Européenne de Psychologie Appliquée, 64, 259–267. doi: 10.1016/j.erap.2014.08.002

Chou, S. Y. (2012). Millennials in the Workplace: A Conceptual Analysis of Millennials' Leadership and Followership Styles. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 2 (2), 71-83. doi: 10.5296/ijhrs.v2i2.1568

Dubelt, L., Demerouti, E., & Rispens, S. (2019). The Value of Job Crafting for Work Engagement, Task Performance, and Career Satisfaction: Longitudinal and Quasi-Experimental Evidence. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 1-15. doi: 10.1080/1359432X.2019.1576632

Eisenberger & Huntington. (1986). Perceived Organizational Support. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71 (3), 500-507.

Guan, X., & Frenkel, S. (2018). How HR Practice, Work Engagement and Job Crafting Influence Employee Performance. Chinese Management Studies,12 (3), 591-600. doi: 10.1108/cms-11-2017-0328

Howe, N., & Strauss, W. (2000). Milenials Rising: The Next Great Generation. New York: Vintage Books: A Division of Random House. Inc.

Khan, W. A. (1990). Psychological Conditions of Personal Engagement and Disenggamenet at Work. Academy of Management Journal, 33 (4), 692-724. doi: 10.2307/256287

MIKTI, & Teknopreneur. (2018). Mapping dan Database Startup Indonesia 2018. Jakarta: MIKTI dan Teknopreneur.

Moreno, F. M., Lafuente, J. G., Carreón, F. í., & Moreno, S. M. (2017). The Characterization of the Millennials and Their Buying Behavior. International Journal of Marketing Studies, 9 (5), 135-144. doi: 10.5539/ijms.v9n5p135

Mulyati, Himam, Riyono, & Suhariadi. (2019). Model Work Engagement Angkatan Kerja Generasi Millenial dengan Meaningful Work Sebagai Mediator. Gadjah Mada Journal of Psychology, 5 (1), 34-49. doi: 10.22146/gamajop.47964

Muthumbu, D., & Dodd, N. (2013). Perceived Organisational Support, Work Engagement and Organisational Citizenship Behaviour of Nurses at Victoria Hospital. Journal Psychology, 4 (2), 87-93. doi: 10.1080/09764224.2013.11885497

Nadin, Waterson, & Parker. (2001). Participation In Job Redesign: An Evaluation Of The Use Of A Sociotechnical Tool And Its Impact. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufactoring, 11, 53-69. doi: 10.1002/1520-6564(200124)11:13.0.CO;2-F

Naujokaitiene, J., Tereseviciene, M., & Zydziunaite, V. (2015). Organizational Support for Employee Engagement in Technology-Enhanced Learning. SAGE Open, 1-9. doi: 10.1177%2F2158244015607585

Nurcahyo, R., Akbar, M. I., & Gabriel, D. S. (2018). Characteristics of Startup Company and Its Strategy: Analysis of Indonesia Fashion Startup Companies. International Journal of Engineering & Technology, 7, 44-49. doi: 10.14419/ijet.v7i2.34.13908

í–zí§elik, G. (2015). Engagement and Retention of the Millennial Generation in the Workplace through Internal Branding. International Journal of Business and Management, 10 (3), 99-107. doi: 10.5539/ijbm.v10n3p99

Pant, J. J., & Venkateswaran, V. (2019). Exploring Millennial Psychological Contract Expectations across Talent Segments. Employee Relation: The Intenational Journal, 773-792. doi: 10.1108/ER-04-2018-0096

Pyí¶riä, P., Ojala, S., Saari, T., & Järvinen, K. M. (2017). The Millennial Generation: A New Breed of Labour? SAGE Open, 1-14. doi: 10.1177%2F2158244017697158

Rhoades, L., & Eisenberger, R. (2001). Perceived Organizational Support: A Review of the Literature. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87 (4), 698-714. doi: 10.1037//0021-9010.87.4.698

Robledo, E., Zappalí , S., & Topa, G. (2019). Job Crafting as a Mediator betweenWork Engagement and Wellbeing Outcomes: A Time-Lagged Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16, 1-15. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16081376

Rudiantara. (2016, June 17). https://kominfo.go.id/content/detail/7689/kemkominfo-bersama-kibar-luncurkan-gerakan-nasional-1000-startup digital/0/berita_satker. diakses tanggal 24 Desember 2019 kominfo.go.id

Saks, A. M. (2006). Antecedents and Consequences of Employee Engagement. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 21 (7), 600-619. doi: 10.1108/02683940610690169

Author, (2019). Peran Job Crafting dan Perceived Organizational Support Terhadap Work Engagement Generasi Milenial. [Unpublished master thesis]. Universitas Gadjah Mada.

Sarraf, Abzari, Isfahani, & Fathi. (2017). Generational Differences in

Job Engagement: A Case Study of an Industrial Organization in Iran. Industrial and Commercial Training, 49(3), 106-115. doi: 10.1108/ICT-10-2016-0068

Schaufeli & Bakker. (2004). Job Demands, Job Resources, and Their Relationship with Burnout and Engagement: A Multi-Sample Study. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25 (3), 293-315. doi: 10.1002/job.248

Siddiqi, M. A. (2015). Work Engagement and Job Crafting of Service Employees Influencing Customer Outcomes. VIKALPA The Journal for Decision Makers, 40 (3) , 277–292. doi: 10.1177/0256090915598584

Stairs, & Galpin. (2012). Positive Engagement: From Employee Engagement to Workplace Happiness. Oxford Handbooks Online, 1-34. doi: 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195335446.013.0013

Teknopreneur. (2017). Penetrasi dan Perilaku Pengguna Internet Indonesia 2017. Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet Indonesia, 1-39. diakses tanggal 24 Desember 2019 web.kominfo.go.id

Timms, Bakker, & Derks. (2012). Development and Validation of The Job Crafting Scale. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 80, 173-186. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2011.05.009

Tims & Bakker. (2010). Job Crafting: Towards a New Model of Individual Job Redesign. South African Journal of Industrial Psychology, 36 (2), 1–9. doi: 10.4102/sajip.v36i2.841

Villajos, A., Garcí­a, C., & Topa, G. (2019). Job Crafting among Labor Union Representatives: Its Impact on Work Engagement and Job Satisfaction. Social Sciences, 8 (20), 1-11. doi: 10.3390/socsci8010020

Wingerden, J., & Poell, R. F. (2019). Meaningful Work and Resilience Among Teachers: The Mediating Role of Work Engagement and Job Crafting. PLOS ONE, 14 (9), 1-13. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222518

Wrzesniewski & Dutton. (2001). Crafting A Job : Revisioning Employees As Active Crafters of Their Work. Academy of Management Review , 26 (2), 179-201. doi: 10.2307/259118

Additional Files

Published

25-08-2025

How to Cite

[1]
Santoso, R.M.W. and Rahmani, N.S. 2025. The Role of Job Crafting and Perceived Organizational Support on Millennial Work Engagement. Psychological Research and Intervention. 8, 1 (Aug. 2025), 25–36. DOI:https://doi.org/10.21831/pri.v8i1.81424.

Issue

Section

Original Research Articles