Analisis kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita persamaan linear dua variabel

Widi Pradini

doi:10.21831/pg.v14i1.21481

Analisis kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita persamaan linear dua variabel

Widi Pradini, Jurusan Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Negeri Malang, Indonesia

10.21831/pg.v14i1.21481

Abstract

Tujuan dari penelitian kualitatif ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kesalahan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal cerita persamaan linear dua variabel. Sumber data merupakan 23 siswa kelas VIII yang telah diajar persamaan linear dua variabel. Data yang diambil adalah jawaban tertulis siswa dan hasil wawancara siswa yang menjadi subyek penelitian. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif melalui tahapan berikut: 1) membaca dan menelaah data jawaban tertulis satu per satu untuk menentukan kesalahan yang dialami siswa (reading), 2) membuat deskripsi singkat mengenai kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa (describing), dan 3) mengelompokkan kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa berdasarkan indikator tahap pemecahan masalah Polya (classifying). Dari hasil analisis data jawaban tertulis, peneliti menentukan 5 subyek penelitian yang selanjutnya akan diwawancarai. Hasil wawancara digunakan untuk melengkapi data jawaban tertulis siswa yang menjadi subyek penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesalahan terjadi pada setiap indikator tahap pemecahan masalah Polya. Jenis kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa adalah kesalahan fakta, kesalahan prosedur, dan kesalahan karena kecerobohan. Penyebab kesalahan tersebut diantaranya adalah keterampilan pemahaman bacaan siswa yang terbatas, siswa belum mampu mengidentifikasi informasi yang relevan dalam soal cerita, siswa belum terbiasa mengerjakan soal cerita, manajemen waktu yang kurang baik, dan siswa belum menguasai dengan baik materi matematika yang dibutuhkan untuk menyelesaikan soal cerita.

The analysis of students’ error in solving the linear equation of two variables word problem

Abstract

The purpose of this qualitative research was to describe the error of students in solving the linear equation of two variables word problem. The data source was 23 eight grade students who have been taught about the linear equation of two variables. The data are student-written answer in solving the linear equation of two variables word problem and the results of the interview from the students who become the research subjects. Data were analyzed descriptively through the steps as follows;1) read and reviewed the written answer data one by one to determine the errors experienced by students (reading), 2) made a brief description of the errors made by students (describing), and 3) classified errors made by students based on Polya’s problem-solving stage indicators (classifying). From the results of the written answer data analysis, the researcher determines 5 research subjects who will follow the interview. The results of the interview used to complete the written answer data of students who were the research subject. The study showed that errors occur in Polya’s problem-solving stage indicators. The types of errors made by students were a factual error, procedural error, and carelessness error. The causes of such errors include the limited skills of student's reading comprehension, student's inability in identifying relevant information in word problems, students were not familiar to solve the word problem, poor time management, and students not mastering the mathematical material needed to solve the word problems.

Keywords

analisis kesalahan; soal cerita matematika; persamaan linear dua variabel; the analysis of error; mathematics word problem; linear equation of two variable

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/pg.v14i1.21481