Assessing the Performance of PNP Reservoir Based on Short-Term Rainfall Data in the Upper Kuranji Watershed, Padang, Indonesia

Authors

  • Nofra Masdaf Department of Civil Engineering, Andalas University, Padang 25000, Indonesia
  • Fauzan Department of Civil Engineering, Andalas University, Padang 25000, Indonesia
  • Bambang Istijono Department of Civil Engineering, Andalas University, Padang 25000, Indonesia
  • Revalin Herdianto Department of Civil Engineering, Padang State Polytechnic, Padang 25000, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21831/inersia.v21i2.85199

Keywords:

Reservoir, IDF, Peak Discharge, Flood, Flood Routing

Abstract

This study was conducted to assess the performance of the PNP Reservoir in managing water resources as well as reducing flood risk in the Batu Busuk Sub-watershed, which is located in the upstream part of the Kuranji watershed, Padang City. The uniqueness of this study lies in the comprehensive approach that combines IDF analysis with three methods (Talbot, Sherman, and Ishiguro), flood discharge estimation through the Rational and Nakayasu SUH methods, and modeling of reservoir inflows and outflows using the Muskingum flood routing method. Based on the results of the IDF analysis, the highest rain intensity during the two-hour duration was recorded at 27.22 mm/hour (Talbot), 24.67 mm/hour (Sherman), and 23.49 mm/hour (Ishiguro). Before the reservoir was constructed, the peak flood discharge reached 0.33 m³/sec at 0.35 hours. The simulation results showed that the reservoir was able to reduce the peak discharge by 0.57% and caused a delay in the peak flow of 0.6 minutes. This finding shows that the PNP reservoir contributes positively to flood control, although the efficiency of the reduction is still limited. Overall, the results of this study can serve as an important reference in the design of adaptive reservoirs in areas characterized by steep topography and high rainfall, and emphasize the role of reservoirs as part of sustainable flood mitigation infrastructure in tropical urban areas.

References

[1] Ministry of Public Works and Housing, Pedoman Pembangunan Embung Kecil dan Bangunan Penampung Air Lainnya di Desa, Surat Edaran Menteri PUPR. Jakarta, Indonesia, 2018.

[2] A. R. Aditiya, V. Dermawan, and R. Asmaranto, “Studi perencanaan embung sebagai upaya pengendalian banjir Sungai Kemuning Kabupaten Sampang Madura Provinsi Jawa Timur,” Jurnal Teknologi dan Rekayasa Sumber Daya Air, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 26–39, 2023, doi: 10.21776/ub.jtresda.2023.003.02.03.

[3] H. A. Utami, G. S. Nalendra, Sriyana, and P. N. P., “Perencanaan Embung Somosari di Jepara,” Jurnal Karya Teknik Sipil, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 529–537, 2015.

[4] K. D. Pertiwi and I. P. Lestari, “Kualitas mutu perairan Sub DAS Kaligarang Desa Gogik ditinjau dari parameter nitrat, BOD, COD, dan DO,” Pro Health Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 274–279, 2022, doi: 10.35473/proheallth.v4i2.1816.

[5] R. T. Palar, L. Kawet, E. M. Wuisan, and H. Tangkudung, “Studi perbandingan antara hidrograf SCS (Soil Conservation Service) dan metode rasional pada DAS Tikala,” Jurnal Sipil Statik, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 171–176, 2013.

[6] E. R. Syofyan, A. S., B. I., and R. H., “Model hidrograf akibat perubahan tata guna lahan DAS Batang Kuranji (studi kasus Sub DAS Danau Limau Manis),” Jurnal Ilmiah Poli Rekayasa, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2017, doi: 10.30630/jipr.13.1.46.

[7] A. Kumar, S. Bora, N. Sharma, and S. Singh Bisht, “A study on the influences of rainfall on agriculture using the IDF curve,” International Journal for Research in Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, vol. 9, 2022.

[8] A. M. Takeleb, Q. R. Fajriani, and M. A. Ximenes, “Determination of rainfall intensity formula and intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curve at the Quelicai administrative post, Timor-Leste,” Journal of Engineering and Science, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 1–11, 2022.

[9] H. V. T. Minh et al., “Developing intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves based on rainfall cumulative distribution frequency (CDF) for Can Tho City, Vietnam,” Earth, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 866–880, 2022, doi: 10.3390/earth3030050.

[10] M. S. Shamkhi, M. K. Azeez, and Z. H. Obeid, “Deriving rainfall intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) curves and testing the best distribution using EasyFit software 5.5 for Kut City, Iraq,” Open Engineering, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 834–843, 2022, doi: 10.1515/eng-2022-0330.

[11] M. G. Sam et al., “Modeling rainfall intensity-duration-frequency (IDF) and establishing climate change existence in Uyo, Nigeria using non-stationary approach,” Journal of Water Resource and Protection, vol. 15, no. 5, pp. 194–214, 2023, doi: 10.4236/jwarp.2023.155012.

[12] R. Mínguez and S. Herrera, “Spatial extreme model for rainfall depth: application to the estimation of IDF curves in the Basque Country,” Stochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, vol. 37, no. 8, 2023, doi: 10.1007/s00477-023-02440-1.

[13] S. K. Al-Jalili, H. M. Zwain, and A. M. Hayder, “Generating rainfall IDF curves using IMD reduction formula and choosing the best distribution for Babylon City, Iraq,” Engineering Reports, 2024, doi: 10.1002/eng2.13053.

[14] M. B. Ansori, U. Lasminto, and A. A. G. Kartika, “Runoff hydrograph analysis of HEC-RAS 2D flow hydrodynamics meteorological rain-on-grid on observed watershed,” International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 575–581, 2024.

[15] P. Khansa, E. S. Sofiyah, and I. W. K. Suryawan, “Determination of rain intensity based on rain characteristics observed from rain observation stations around South Jakarta,” Journal of Advanced Civil and Environmental Engineering, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 94–106, 2020, doi: 10.30659/jacee.3.2.106-115.

[16] Andriani et al., “Optimization of land use to reduce surface runoff and erosion in Kuranji Watershed,” International Journal of GEOMATE, vol. 22, no. 90, pp. 102–109, 2022, doi: 10.21660/2022.90.j2310.

[17] M. Kencanawati, D. Iranata, and M. A. Maulana, “Hydrologic modeling system HEC-HMS application for direct runoff determination,” Journal of Human, Earth, and Future, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 153–165, 2023, doi: 10.28991/HEF-2023-04-02-02.

[18] M. E. Suripin, Sistem Drainase Perkotaan yang Berkelanjutan. Yogyakarta, Indonesia: Andi, 2004.

[19] S. Rahmadani et al., “Hydrological study of Deli River flood discharge using the HSS Nakayasu model,” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 2908, no. 1, 2024, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/2908/1/012016.

[20] J. Jenny et al., “The bibliometric study of flood discharge by unit hydrograph method Nakayasu synthetic (HSS) and soil conservation service (SCS),” Journal of Social Research, vol. 3, no. 7, pp. 1–10, 2024, doi: 10.55324/josr.v3i7.2095.

[21] M. Safriani, A. Amir, and M. F. Ikhwali, “Evaluation of Krueng Tripa River capacity in Ujung Krueng Village, Nagan Raya Regency, Indonesia,” IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, vol. 1203, no. 1, 2023, doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/1203/1/012033.

[22] R. Karamma et al., “Flood modelling due to dam failure using HEC-RAS 2D with GIS overlay: Case study of Karalloe Dam, South Sulawesi, Indonesia,” Civil Engineering and Architecture, vol. 10, no. 7, pp. 2833–2846, 2022, doi: 10.13189/cea.2022.100704.

[23] R. Barati, “Application of Excel Solver for parameter estimation of nonlinear Muskingum models,” KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering, vol. 17, no. 5, pp. 1139–1148, 2013, doi: 10.1007/s12205-013-0037-2.

[24] A. Suharyanto, “Estimating flood inundation depth along the arterial road based on the rainfall intensity,” Civil and Environmental Engineering, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 66–81, 2021, doi: 10.2478/cee-2021-0008.

Downloads

Published

2025-12-21

How to Cite

Masdaf, N., Fauzan, Bambang Istijono, & Revalin Herdianto. (2025). Assessing the Performance of PNP Reservoir Based on Short-Term Rainfall Data in the Upper Kuranji Watershed, Padang, Indonesia. INERSIA Lnformasi Dan Ekspose Hasil Riset Teknik Sipil Dan Arsitektur, 21(2), 173–184. https://doi.org/10.21831/inersia.v21i2.85199

Issue

Vol. 21 No. 2 (2025): December

Section

Articles

License

Copyright (c) 2025 Nofra Masdaf, Fauzan, Bambang Istijono, Revalin Herdianto

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Authors who publish with INERSIA journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the INERSIA journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or edit it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
Lisensi Creative Commons
INERSIA by https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/inersia was distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License