ANALISIS KESALAHAN KALIMAT PADA KARANGAN BERBAHASA INDONESIA MAHASISWA DI JAWAHARLAL NEHRU UNIVERSITY NEW DELHI, INDIA

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi dan mendeskripsikan jenis-jenis kesalahan kalimat yang meliputi kesalahan diksi, frasa, konjungsi, dan preposisi. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Data penelitian berupa satuan-satuan ungkapan kalimat yang muncul dalam 9 karangan berbahasa Indonesia mahasiswa Jawaharlal Nehru University, India. Hasil analisis kesalahan kalimat menemukan kesalahan diksi, frasa, preposisi dan konjungsi pada karangan mahasiswa Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) New Delhi India semester 1 dan 2 tahun pelajaran 2012/2013. Jumlah kesalahan diksi mencapai 61.8% dari seluruh kesalahan kalimat yang ditentukan, sekaligus sebagai kesalahan yang paling banyak terjadi. Kesalahan kalimat terbesar berikutnya adalah frasa sebanyak 23,6%. Selanjutnya adalah kesalahan konjungsi, yakni sebanyak 10,7%. Kesalahan yang paling sedikit adalah kesalahan preposisi sebanyak 3,9%, yang menunjukkan bahwa tingkat penguasaan preposisi adalah unsur dalam kalimat yang paling mudah dipahami. Penguasaan kata baku adalah salah satu faktor kunci penguasaan kalimat. Banyak kesalahan kalimat berkaitan dengan kata baku yang kurang tepat.

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ERROR ANALYSIS OF SENTENCES IN INDONESIAN COMPOSITION OF STUDENTS IN JAWAHARLAL NEHRU UNIVERSITY, NEW DELHI, INDIA

Abstract

This research is aimed to detect and describe the types of sentence errors that include errors in the diction, phrase, conjunction, and preposition. The type of this research is qualitative research by using descriptive method. The data source of this research is obtained from 9 compositions in Indonesian language of Jawaharlal Nehru University Students, India. The analysis result found a phenomenon of errors in the diction, phrase, preposition, and conjunction of the students’ compositions in Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU) New Delhi India in the first year of academic year 2012/2013. The number of errors in the diction reaches 61.8% of the whole sentence errors, and this matter shows the case that often happens among the students. The second biggest error found is the errors of the phrase. It reaches 23.6%. Conjunction errors are in the amount of 10.7%, and error in preposition is the least of all, 3.9%, which shows that the mastery of preposition as the element of sentence as the easiest point to learn. Thus, it can be known and concluded that the orientation of the observation held shows that the mastery of the standard or the basic forms of word is one of the keys of mastering sentence for there are many errors in relation with the basic form of words.

Keywords: error analysis, error of diction, phrase, conjunction, and preposition.