Analyses of inclusive education policy: A case study of elementary school in Jambi

Muazza Muazza; Hadiyanto Hadiyanto; Delvia Heny; Amirul Mukminin; Akhmad Habibi; Muhammad Sofwan

doi:10.21831/jk.v2i1.14968

Analyses of inclusive education policy: A case study of elementary school in Jambi

Muazza Muazza, Jambi University, Indonesia
Hadiyanto Hadiyanto,
Delvia Heny,
Amirul Mukminin, Jambi University, Indonesia
Akhmad Habibi, Jambi University, Indonesia
Muhammad Sofwan,

10.21831/jk.v2i1.14968

Abstract

ANALISIS KEBIJAKAN PENDIDIKAN INKLUSI: STUDI KASUS DI SEKOLAH DASAR JAMBI

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dan mendiskripsikan jenis kebijakan dan program pendidikan yang dibuat oleh pemerintah khususnya tentang kebijakan pendidikan inklusi terkait dengan kurikulum pendidikan inklusi, rekrutmen guru pembimbing khusus (GPK), dan sarana prasarana di sekolah dengan kebijakan pendidikan inklusi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dengan delapan informan, observasi di lima kelas, dan dokumentasi di SD Negeri 131/IV Jambi yang menjadi tempat penelitian ini. Data wawancara dianalisis dengan menggunakan “within case and cross-case analysis” antarinforman. Data observasi dicatat dan disajikan sesuai dengan tema hasil wawancara dan data dokumen digunakan sebagai pembanding data wawancara dan observasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menjabarkan tentang tidak ada persiapan penerimaan murid baru dan kurangnya perhatian pemerintah atas dukungan sarana prasarana. Penyajian data juga termasuk tantangan yang dihadapi dalam penerapan pendidikan inklusi di Provinsi Jambi. Saran dan masukan berupa peran aktif pihak sekolah dalam penyelenggaraan pendidikan inklusi, melakukan perekrutan guru yang baik, dan bagi pemerintah untuk mendukung sarana dan prasarana pendidikan.

Abstract
This study was aimed at exploring and describing the types of education policies and programs developed by the government, especially on inclusive education policies related to inclusion-education curriculum, special mentor recruitment, and infrastructure facilities in the schools which implemented inclusive education policies. The study used a qualitative approach with a case-study method. The data were collected through interviews with 8 informants, 5 classroom observations, and documentation at the State Elementary School 131/ IV Jambi. The interview data were analyzed using within-case and cross-case analyses among informants. The observational data were recorded and presented in accordance with the theme of the interview results and documentation data was used as the comparison. The results show that there is no new student admission preparation, and the lack of government attention on infrastructure supports. The presentation of data also includes the challenges faced in implementing inclusive education in Jambi. The suggestion for school parties in the implementation of inclusive education is by conducting teacher recruitment and for the government to support educational facilities and infrastructure.

Keywords

school policy, inclusive education, elementary school

Full Text:

PDF

References

Anderson, J. E. (2015). Public policymaking: an introduction (8th ed.). Wadsworth: Cengange Learning.
Chapman, D., & Sarvi, J. (2017). Widely recognized problems, controversial solutions: Issues and strategies for higher education development in East and Southeast Asia. Dalam K. Mok (Ed.), Managing international connectivity, diversity of learning and changing labour markets. higher education in Asia: Quality, excellence and governance. Singapura: Springer.
Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions (2nd ed.).Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
David, J. (2009). Inklusi, sekolah ramah untuk semua (2nd ed.). Bandung: Penerbit Nuansa.
Fowler, F. C. (2014). Policy studies for educational leaders: An introduction (4th ed.). New Jersey: Pearson Education.
Fuadi, K. (2011). Analisis kebijakan penyelenggaraan pendidikan inklusif di Provinsi DKI Jakarta (Thesis tidak diterbitkan). Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta.
Irenawati, T., & Aman. (2006). Evaluasi kebijakan pendidikan inklusif di SMA Muhammadiyah 4 Yogjakarta. (Skripsi tidak diterbitkan). Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Yogyakarta.
Isabella, P., Emosda, & Suratno. (2014). Evaluasi penyelenggaraan pendidikan inklusi bagi peserta didik berkebutuhan khusus di SD Negeri 131/IV Kota Jambi. Tekno-Pedagogi,4(2), 45-59.
Johnson, B., & Christensen, L. B. (2008). Educational research: Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed approaches (3rd ed.). Boston: Sage Publications.
Kuyini, A. B., & Desai, I. (2007). Principals’ and teachers’ attitudes and knowledge of inclusive education as predictors of effective teaching practices in Ghana. Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs, 7(2), 104-113.
Lastuti, S., & Jaedun, A. (2014). Evaluasi pelaksanaan program S1 PGSD di unit program belajar jarak jauh UT DIY. Jurnal Kependidikan, 44(1), 39-50.
Permendiknas (2009). Peraturan pemerintah RI Nomor 70 tentang Penyelenggaraan Pendidikan Inklusi.
Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 32 tentang Perubahan Atas Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 19 Tahun 2005 tentang Standar Pendidikan Nasional.
Sharma, U., & O. Ng. (2014). What has worked for bringing out-of-school children with disabilities into regular schools? A literature review. Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development, 25(2), 57-74.
Sofwan, M., & Habibi. A. (2016). Pro-blematika dunia pendidikan Islam abad 21 dan tantangan pondok pesantren di Jambi. Jurnal Kependidikan, 46(2), 271-280.
UNICEF. (2013). The state of the world’s children 2013: Children with disabilities. New York: United Nations Children’s Fund.
Winter, E. C. (2006) Preparing new teachers for inclusive schools and classrooms. Support for Learning, 21(2), 85-91.
Wu-Tien, W., Ashman, A., & Yong-Wook, K. (2008). Education reforms in special education. Dalam C. Forlin & M.-G. J. Lian (Eds), Reform, inclusion & teacher
education: Towards a new era of special education in The Asia-Pacific Region. Abingdon: Routledge.