THE EFFECTS OF COMPOSTED CATTLE MANURE DOSAGE  ON THE CLUBROOT DISEASE, THE GROWTH, AND THE YIELD OF BROCCOLI

Octa Saktianti; Noor Istifadah

doi:10.21831/jps.v23i1.19326

THE EFFECTS OF COMPOSTED CATTLE MANURE DOSAGE ON THE CLUBROOT DISEASE, THE GROWTH, AND THE YIELD OF BROCCOLI

Octa Saktianti, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
Noor Istifadah, Universitas Padjadjaran

10.21831/jps.v23i1.19326

Abstract

Clubroot disease caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor. is a major constraint in the cultivation of broccoli. Compost has been widely explored as an eco-friendly option for controlling soil-borne pathogens. This study was aimed at examining the ability of several dosage of composted cow manure to suppress clubroot disease and support the growth and yield of broccoli under field conditions. The field experiment was conducted at Cisarua, Western Bandung, West Java. The experiment was arranged in a Complete Randomized Block Design with six treatments and four replications. The treatments tested were cow manure with the dosage of 25, 50, 100, and 200 g/plant, pesticide (active ingredient: flusulfamide), and a non-treated control. The result shows that all compost treatments suppressed clubroot disease by 29,25-45,58%. The application of cow manure compost could also support the growth and the yield of broccoli under field conditions.

PENGARUH DOSIS KOMPOS KOTORAN SAPI
TERHADAP PENYAKIT AKAR GADA, PERTUMBUHAN, DAN HASIL BROKOLI

Penyakit akar gada yang disebabkan oleh Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor. merupakan salah satu kendala utama dalam budidaya brokoli. Bahan organik seperti kompos dapat digunakan untuk pengendalian penyakit secara ramah lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yakni untuk mendapatkan dosis kompos kotoran sapi yang efektif untuk menekan penyakit akar gada dan mendukung pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman brokoli di lapangan. Percobaan lapangan dilakukan di lahan yang endemik akar gada di daerah Cisarua, Bandung Barat, Jawa Barat. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan enam perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah dosis kompos (25, 50, 100, dan 200 g/tanaman), pestisida (berbahan aktif flusulfamide), dan kontrol. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa kompos kotoran sapi yang diaplikasikan dengan dosis 25-200g per tanaman memiliki efek penekanan terhadap penyakit akar gada sebesar 29,25-45,58%. Semakin tinggi dosis aplikasi semakin tinggi pula efek penekanan yang dihasilkannya. Aplikasi kompos juga mampu mendukung pertumbuhan dan hasil brokoli di lapangan.

Keywords

organic matters, field trial, disease suppression

Full Text:

PDF

References

Amilah, S. (2012). Penggunaan berbagai media tanam terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman brokoli (Brassica oleracea var. italica) dan baby kalian (Brassica oleracea var. Albo-glabra baley). Wahana, 59(2),10-16.
Avilés, M., & Borrero, C. (2017). Identifying characteristics of verticillium wilt suppressiveness in olive mill composts. Plant Disease, 101(9), 1568-1577.
Bishnu, A., Saha, T., Mazumdar, D., Chakrabarti, K., & Chakraborty, K. (2008). Assessment of the impact of pesticide residues on microbiological and biochemical parameter of tea garden soils in India. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, 43(8), 723-731.
Corato, U. D., Salimbeni, R., & Pretis, A. D. (2018). Suppression of soil-borne pathogens in container media amended with on-farm composted agro-bioenergy wastes and residues under glasshouse condition. Journal of Plant Disease and Protection, 125(2), 213-226.
Das, S., Jeong, S. T., Das, S., & Kim, P. J. (2017). Composted cow manure increases microbial activity and soil fertility more than composted swine manure in a submerged rice paddy. Front. Microbiol. 8, 1702.
Dixon, G. R. (2009). Plasmodiophora brassicae in its environment. J. Plant Growth Regul., 28, 289-303.
Ebrahimi, E., Werren, D., & und Niemsdorff, P. V. F. Suppressive effect of composts from residual biomass on Pythium ultimum. Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection, 1-7.
Howard, R. J., Strelkov, S. E., & Harding, M. W. (2010). Clubroot of cruciferous crops-new perspectives on an old disease. Can. J. Plant Pathol., 32(1), 43-57.
Istifadah, N., & Putri, D. D. (2007). Kemampuan bakteri endofit akar tanaman kubis-kubisan untuk menekan penyakit akar gada (Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor.) pada tanaman kubis. Jurnal Agrikultura, 18, 210-216.
Joshi, D., Hooda, K. S., Bhatt, J. C., Mina, B. L., & Gupta, H. S. (2009). Suppressive effects of composts on soil-borne and foliar diseases of French bean in the field in the western Indian Himalayas. Crop Protection, 28, 608-615.
Kageyama, K., & Asano, T. (2009). Life cycle of Plasmodiophora brassicae. J. Plant Growth Regul., 28: 203-211.
Knox, O. G. G., Oghoro, C. O., Burnett, F. J., & Fountaine, J. M. (2015). Biochar increases soil pH, but is as innefective as liming at controlling clubroot. Journal of Plant Pathology, 97(1), 149-152.
Niwa, R., Kumeib, T., Nomurac, Y., Yoshidac, S., Osakia, M., & Ezawaa, T. (2007). Increase in soil pH due to Ca-rich organic matter application causes suppression of the clubroot disease of crucifers. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 39, 778-785.
Noble, R., & Conventry, E. (2005). Suppression of soilborne plant disease with compost: A review. Biocontrol Sci. Technol., 15, 3-20.
Pane, C., Spaccini, R., Piccolo, A., Scala, F., & Bonanomi, G. (2011). Compost amendments enhance peat suppressiveness to Pythium ultimum, Rhizoctonia solani, and Sclerotium minor. Biological control, 56, 115-124.
Patil, M. G., Rathod, P. K., & Patil, V. D. (2018). Compost: A tool for managing soil borne plant pathogens. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6, 272-280.
Saadi, I., Laor, Y., Medina, S., Krassnovsky, A., & Raviv, M. (2010). Compost suppressiveness against Fusarium oxysporum was not reduced after one-year storage under various moisture and temperature conditions. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 42, 626-634.
Semangun, H. (2004). Penyakit-penyakit tanaman hortikultura. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada Press.
St. Martin, C. C. G., & Brathwaite, R. A. I. (2012). Compost and compost tea: Principles and prospects as substrates and soil-borne disease management strategies in soil-less vegetable pro-duction. Biol. Agric. Hortic., 28,1-33.
Yogev, A., Laor, Y., Katan, J., Hadar, Y., Cohen, R., Medina, S., & Raviv, M. (2011). Does organic farming increase soil suppression against fusarium wilt of melon? Org. Agric., 1, 203-216.