PREDIKAT KOMPLEKS DALAM BAHASA ANGKOLA MANDAILING

Latifah Yusri Nasution, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia
Mulyadi Mulyadi, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Indonesia

Abstract


Predikat kompleks terbentuk ketika dua atau lebih elemen predikat bergabung ke dalam hubungan subjek dan objek. Penelitian tentang predikat komplek bahasa Angkola Mandailing merupakan media mempelajari bahasa daerah yang mulai ditinggalkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan konstruksi predikat kompleks bahasa Angkola Mandailing. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode interaktif dengan teori X-bar. Sumber data penelitian adalah tuturan lisan informan dalam situasi tutur yang alamiah. Pengumpulan data dengan metode simak atau observasi. Analisis dilakukan selama pengumpulan, reduksi, penyajian, dan pena­rikan simpulan/verifikasi. Analisis data menggunakan metode agih dan disajikan menggunakan metode informal. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut. Pertama, karakteristik predikat kompleks dalam bahasa Angkola Mandailing, yaitu dibentuk dari dua verba atau lebih, letaknya berdampingan, dan memiliki kesamaan aspek dan negasi. Kedua, pola pembentuk predikat kompleks dalam bahasa Angkola Mandailing berupa V1 intransitif + V2 intransitif, V1 transitif + V2 intransitif, V1 intransitif + V2 transitif, dan V1 transitif + V2 transitif. Ketiga, kedua verba atau lebih dalam konstruksi predikat kompleks bahasa Angkola Mandailing sama-sama menjadi verba inti dalam kalimat. Skema X-barnya ialah predikat kompleks (V1+V2) berkombinasi membentuk V’. V’ membentuk FV. FV berkombinasi dengan I membentuk I’. I’ berkombinasi dengan Spes membentuk FI (kalimat). 

Kata Kunci: konstruksi, predikat kompleks, bahasa Angkola Mandailing

 

COMPLEX PREDICATION IN ANGKOLA MANDAILING LANGUAGE

 

Abstract

Complex predicates are formed when two or more predicate elements are joined into the relationship of subjects and objects. Research on the complex predication of the Angkola Mandailing language is a medium for learning the languages of the region that are becoming obsolete. This study is aimed at describing the complex construction of the Angkola Mandailing language. The study uses a qualitative approach with interactive methods with the X-bar theory. The source of the research data is the oral speech of informants in natural speech situations. Data collection is done by listening or observing. The analysis is carried out during the collection, reduction, presentation, and conclusion/verification research steps. Data analysis uses the aggregate method and is presented using the informal method. The results of this study indicate that first, the characteristics of complex predicates in the Angkola Mandailing language are formed from two or more verbs, located side by side, and having similar aspects and negations. Second, the complex predicate patterns are intransitive V1 + intransitive V2, transitive V1 + intransitive V1, intransive V1 + transitive V2, and transitive V1 + transitive V2. Third, the two or more verbs in the construction of the complex predicate together become the core verbs in the sentence. The X-bar scheme is a complex predicate (V1+V2) combined to form V '; V ’forms VP; VP combines with I to form I '; and I ’combines with Spes to form IP (sentence). 

Keywords: grammatical construction, complex predicate, Angkola Mandailing language


Keywords


konstruksi, predikat kompleks, bahasa Angkola Mandailing

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/ltr.v19i1.25455

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