KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR TINGKAT TINGGI DALAM SOAL UJIAN NASIONAL BAHASA INDONESIA

Sarwiji Suwandi; Memet Sudaryanto; Nugraheni Eko Wardani; Sugit Zulianto; Chafit Ulya; Titi Setiyoningsih

doi:10.21831/jk.v5i1.35457

KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR TINGKAT TINGGI DALAM SOAL UJIAN NASIONAL BAHASA INDONESIA

Sarwiji Suwandi, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
Memet Sudaryanto, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
Nugraheni Eko Wardani, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
Sugit Zulianto, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
Chafit Ulya, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia
Titi Setiyoningsih, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

10.21831/jk.v5i1.35457

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konstruksi higher order thinking skills pada soal ujian nasional Bahasa Indonesia di jenjang SMP. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan content analysis soal ujian nasional SMP. Keabsahan data diuji dengan trianggulasi teori. Teknik analisis data menggunakan model analisis interaktif. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengonstruksi teori mengenai higher order thinking skills dari beberapa buku, jurnal, dan kajian riset lainnya. Pedoman analisis data dikaji expert melalui content validity oleh Aiken. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa data teks pada soal ujian nasional yang diteskan pada peserta didik mengandung dimensi berpikir kritis dan berpikir kreatif. Peserta tes dituntut untuk mampu menelaah secara kritis dalam kasus-kasus yang disajikan melalui wacana teks soal. Selain itu, peserta tes juga diharapkan mampu menemukan lebih dari satu perspektif untuk mengkaji wacana tersebut. Berdasarkan taksomi Blooms dimensi yang dikonstruk pada soal ujian nasional pada ranah analisis dan evaluasi kebahasaan. Dimensi yang diukur dalam soal ujian nasional belum bisa memproyeksikan kemampuan yang dibutuhkan oleh peserta didik untuk jenjang pendidikan yang lebih tinggi.

HIGHER ORDER THINKING SKILLS IN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE NATIONAL EXAM

This study aimed to analyze the construction of higher order thinking skills in Indonesian national exam questions at the Junior High School level. This study used a qualitative approach with content analysis for Junior High School national exam questions. The validity of the data was tested by theoretical triangulation. The data analysis technique used interactive analysis methods. The research was conducted by constructing a theory about higher order thinking skills from related books, journals, and other research studies. The data analysis guidelines were reviewed by experts through content validity proposed by Aiken. The results showed that the text data on the national exam questions tested on students contained dimensions of critical thinking and creative thinking. Test participants were required to be able to critically analyze the cases presented through the question text discourse. In addition, test participants were also expected to be able to find more than one perspective to study the discourse. Based on Blooms' taxonomy the dimensions constructed in the national exam questions in the realm of language analysis and evaluation. The dimensions measured in the national exam questions have not been able to project the abilities needed by students for higher education levels.

Keywords

higher order thinking skills, ujian nasional, SMP

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/jk.v5i1.35457