SYNTHESIS AND CARATERIZATION OF SNO2 AS A DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS WHITE TIN PRODUCTS TO IMPROVE NATIONAL DEVISES

Anti Kolonial Prodjosantoso, FMIPA UNY, Indonesia
Endang Widjajanti Laksono, FMIPA UNY, Indonesia
M. Pranjoto Utomo, FMIPA UNY, Indonesia

 10.21831/jps.v16i2.3385

Abstract


Long-term goal of this research is to apply nanotechnology in the development of downstream products of tin to increase the national foreign exchange. As a preliminary study, SnO2 was synthesized by dissolving tin metal in concentrated HCl followed by addition of concentrated NH4OH in dropwise. The precipitate was filtered, dried, and partially characterized using IR spectrophotometer FTIR-8300/8700 model in the range of wave number of 400 cm-1 to 4000 cm-1, whilst the rest was then heated in a furnace at temperature about 900 °C for 4 hours. The oxide was then cooled and characterized by using XRD Zhimadsu S6000 diffractometer using monochromatic Cu KĮ radiation with a wavelength (Ȝ) of 1.5406 Å in the 2ș range 5o to 90o , and scanning electron microscope (SEM) JEOL T330 A operating at 15 keV. The crystallography aspects of SnO2 was studied based on the X-ray diffraction data (XRD) which was analyzed with Rietveld method using the WinPLOTR program. The SnO2 oxide was found to be tetragonal P42/mnm space group having lattice parameters of a = b = 4.7337(2) ǖ and c = 3.1841(3) ǖ. The particle size of the SnO2 oxide was found to be about 35.39 nm.


Keywords


SnO2; IR spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; SEM

Full Text:

PDF

References


Baur, W.H. (1956). Acta cryst., 9, 515-520. 108 10911 Jurnal Penelitian Saintek, Vol. 16, Nomor 2, Oktober 2011

Carlin, F. (2010). Mineral information, USGS. http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/. Diakses pada tanggal 30 Oktober 2010.

Chowdhuri, A., Haridas, D., Sreenivas, K. and Gupta, V. (2009). International Journal on Smart Sensing and Intelligent Systems, 2, 540-548.

Cullity, B.D. and Stock, S.R. (2001). ‘Elements of X-ray diffraction’. PrenticeHall Inc.: Reading, 167-171.

Dibb, A., Cilense, M., Bueno, P.R., Maniette, Y., Varela, J.A., and Longo E. (2006). Materials Research, 9, 339–343.

Evans, C.J. and Karpel, S. (1985). Organotins compounds in modern technology. Amsterdam: Elsevier.

Fu, G.C.(2002). Pure Appl. Chem., 74, 33- 36.

Giuntini, J.C., Granier, W., Zanchetta, J. V. and Taha, A. (1990). J. Mater., Sci. Lett. 9, 1383.

Greenwood, N.N. and Earnshaw, A. (1984). Chemistry of the elements. Oxford: Pergamon. Gregory, O.J., Luo, Q. and Crisman, E.E. (2002). Thin Solid Films, 406, 286-293.

Holleman, A.F. and Wiberg, E. (2001). Inorganic chemistry. San Diego: Academic Press.

Llorca, J., Homs, N., Fierro, J.L.G., Sales, J., and Piscina, P.R. (1997). J. Catal., 166, 44–52.

Mishra, S., Ghanshyam, C., Ram, N., Singh, S., Bapjai, R.P., Bedi, R.K. (2002). Bulletin Material Science, 25(3), 231-234.

Omata, K., Yagita, H., Shikada, T., Fujimoto, K. and Tominaga, H. (1987). Chemistry Letter., 2397-2398.

Pamungkas, P. (2010). Kajian pertambangan timah kita. http://klastik.wordpress.com, Diakses pada tanggal 1 Maret 2010.

Punnoose, J.H., Thurber, A., Engelhard, M. H., Kukkadapu, R.K., Wang, C., Shutthanandan, V. and Thevuthasan, S. (2005). Phys. Rev., B 72(8), 054402.

Roisnel, T. and Rodriguez-Carvajal, J. (2010). Win PLOTR. cdifx.univrennes1.fr/winplotr.

Socrates, G. (1980). Infrared characteristic group frequencies. Wiley: New York.

Taylor, F.S. (1942). Inorganic & theoretical chemistry. London: Heineman.

Taylor, R.G. (1979). Geology of tin deposits. Canada: Elsevier Scientific Publishing. Wang, C-M.,

Wang, J-F., and Su, W-B. (2006). Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 89 (8), 2502–250.

Young, R.A., The rietveld method, 1st ed. (1993). New York: Oxford University Press.

http://adsabs.harvard.edu. Diakses pada tanggal 10 Februari 2010.

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timah. Diakses pada tanggal 23 Februari 2010.

http://sn-tin.info/production.html. Diakses pada tanggal 3 Maret 2010.

http://timah.com/. Diakses pada tanggal 23 Februari 2010.

http://www.biodiesel.gov.br. Diakses pada tanggal 10 Februari 2010.

http://www.tekmira.esdm.go.id. Diakses pada tanggal 1 Maret 2010.

http://www.lme.com/tin_graphs.asp. Diakses pada tanggal 1 Maret 2010. US patent 4130673.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/jps.v16i2.3385

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c)



 p-ISSN: 1412-3991 || e-ISSN: 2528-7036

Indexed by:

     

View My Stats