Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Matematika dengan Pendekatan Open-ended untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Kreatif Siswa SMA

Yandri Soeyono

doi:10.21831/pg.v9i2.9081

Pengembangan Bahan Ajar Matematika dengan Pendekatan Open-ended untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis dan Kreatif Siswa SMA

Yandri Soeyono, SMA Negeri 2 Kei Kecil Maluku Tenggara, Indonesia

10.21831/pg.v9i2.9081

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan bahan ajar Matematika kelas X dengan menggunakan pendekatan open-ended yang baik (valid, praktis dan efektif) untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kreatif siswa,dan membandingkan keefektifannya dengan Buku Guru dan Buku Siswa Matematika Kelas X yang dipersiapkan pemerintah dalam rangka implementasi Kurikulum 2013. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development). Model pengembangan yang diacu adalah model Dick & Carey dan Borg & Gall yang dimodifikasi. Langkah-langkah dalam pengembangan ini adalah meneliti dan mengumpulkan informasi, mengembangkan RPP, memilih dan mengembangkan bahan ajar, uji coba awal, revisi, uji coba utama, dan revisi akhir produk.Uji coba awal dan uji coba utama dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 1 Bantul. Kevalidan produk divalidasi oleh ahli. Kepraktisan produk dinilai oleh pengguna produk yaitu guru dan siswa. Keefektifan produk diuji menggunakan uji statistik inferensial dengan melihat perbedaan rerata yang signifikan dari nilai pretest dan posttest ditinjau dari kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kreatif siswa. Selanjutnya, akan dibandingkan keefektifan antara kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produk hasil pengembangan termasuk kategori sangat valid menurut para ahli, praktis menurut penilaian guru, dan sangat praktis menurut siswa. Produk yang dihasilkan juga efektif, bahkan lebih efektif jika dibandingkan dengan Buku Guru dan Buku Siswa ditinjau dari kemampuan berpikir kritis dan kreatif siswa.

Kata kunci: pengembangan, bahan ajar, pendekatan open-ended, kemampuan berpikir kritis, kemampuan berpikir kreatif.

Developing Mathematics Teaching Materials Using Open-Ended Approach to Improve Critical and Creative Thinking Skills of SMA Students

Abstract

The purposes of this study were to develop good mathematics teaching materials using open-ended approach to improve critical and creative thinking skills of Class X students and to compare their effectiveness with Buku Guru and Buku Siswa that were prepared by the government for the implementation of Curriculum 2013. This study was a research and development (R&D) using models from Dick & Carey and Borg & Gall which had been modified. The steps of this study were researching and collecting information, developing lesson plan, developing and selecting instructional materials including assessing instruments, preliminary field testing, main product revision, main field testing, and final product revision. Preliminary and main field testing were held at SMA N 1 Bantul. The developed products were validated by experts. The teacher and students as users of this products evaluated their practicality. The effectiveness of the products was analyzed by inferential statistics tests by measuring significant mean difference from pretest and posttest of students’ critical and creative thinking skills. Furthermore, the effectiveness both of them was compared between experimental and control class. The results of this study showed that the validity of the product is very valid according to experts, is practical according to the assessment of teacher, and is very practical according to students. The developed product was effective and more effective than the Buku Guru and Buku Siswa from the government in terms of critical and creative thinking skills of students.

Keywords: developing, material teaching, open-ended approach, critical thinking skills, creative thinking skills.

Keywords

developing; material teaching; open-ended approach; critical thinking skills; creative thinking skills

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/pg.v9i2.9081