Bentuk dan karakteristik Fiksimini di platform sosial media Twitter dan Instagram

Abstract

Fiksimini merupakan genre yang sedang marak dan berkembang di platform sosial media. Kehadirannya diminati anak-anak muda pengguna sosial media sekaligus mulai dimanfaatkan dalam pengajaran bahasa berbasis sastra. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk fiksimini di platform linimasa Twitter dan Instagram. Data penelitian diperoleh dari akun Twitter @fiksimini (79 buah) dan akun Instagram @instafiksi (40 buah) yang terbit sepanjang Februari-Desember 2019. Data selanjutnya dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut. Pertama, bentuk fiksimini sangat ditentukan oleh platform linimasa yang digunakan sebagai ruang berkarya. Karakteristik khas tersebut adalah daya tampung teks dan dominasi aspek visual media. Kedua, secara spesifik karakteristik fiksimini adalah (1) Fiksimini mengalami penyingkatan isi (condensation), bahkan hiperkondensasi pada fiksimini di Twitter; (2) Fiksimini mengalami pemadatan (compression) pada unsur-unsur pembangun ceritanya, bahkan fiksimini di Twitter cenderung mengalami hiper-kompresi (hyper-compression); (3) Fiksimini diawali dengan kalimat aktif yang pendek, konflik yang tersamar (implisit), dan menampilkan alur cerita yang dipelintir (plot twist) untuk menciptakan efek kejut dalam diri pembaca; (4) Fiksimini, terutama di Instagram, sangat mengedepankan aspek visual; dan (5) Tema fiksimini sangat beragam, terbuka, dan luas. Keragaman topik fiksimini di Instagram memperlihatkan kecenderungan pengarang untuk menyesuaikan diri dengan target pembaca (target readers).

Kata kunci: fiksimini, instafiksi, flashfiction, sastra siber

The forms and characteristics of mini fictions on Twitter and Instagram

Abstract
Flash fiction is a genre that is increasingly prevalent on social media platforms. These mini fiction have attracted the interest of young people who use social media, as well as being used in literature-based language teaching. This study aims to describe flash fiction forms on the Twitter and Instagram timeline platforms. The research data was obtained from the Twitter account @fiksimini (79 pieces) and Instagram account @instafiksi (40 pieces) which were published during February-December 2019. The data were then analyzed qualitatively. Based on the data analysis, the following results were obtained. First, the form of flash fiction is largely determined by the timeline platform that is used as a workspace. The distinctive characteristics of this flash fiction’s form are the capacity of the text and the dominance of the visual aspects of the media. Second, flash fiction has specific characteristics as follows (1) Flash fiction experiences condensation, and especially on Twitter, this condensation is even stronger (hyper-condensation); (2) Flash fiction experiences compaction (compression) of the building blocks of its story, and on Twitter, flash fiction tends to experience hyper-compression; (3) flash fiction begins with a short active sentence, disguised or implicit conflict, and presents a twisted storyline to create a shocking effect for the reader;(4) Flash fiction, especially on Instagram, puts great emphasis on the visual aspect; and (5) The themes of flash fiction are divergent, open and broad. The variety of flash fiction's topics on Instagram shows the author's tendency to adjust to the target audience.

Keywords: fiksimini, instafiction, flash fiction, cyber literature