KEARIFAN LOKAL DAN CIRI KEBAHASAAN TEKS NARATIF MASYARAKAT IBAN

Abstract

KEARIFAN LOKAL DAN CIRI KEBAHASAAN TEKS NARATIF
MASYARAKAT IBAN
Dedy Ari Asfar
Balai Bahasa Provinsi Kalimantan Barat
email: dedyprim@yahoo.com
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kearifan lokal dan ciri kebahasaan teks
naratif masyarakat Iban. Sumber data penelitian adalah tiga cerita Iban dari Lembah
Sungai Rimbas, Sarawak, Malaysia, yaitu Kumang Nupi’ Sawa’, Entimu Nupi’ Keli’, dan
Tekura’. Proses pentranskripsian teks menggunakan pencatatan
secara fonetik dengan
sistem International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). Hasil transkripsi dan terjemahan kemudian
diolah dengan komputer menggunakan program shoebox untuk menghasilkan database dan
interlinear text. Hasil penlitian sebagai berikut. Pertama, kearifan lokal teknologi tangkap
ikan tradisional (acar, paca”, ginte”, mukat, jala, tubay, dan bubu). Kedua, kearifan lokal
adat berladang dan bergotong royong (nunuw, kemaraw, tugal, nugal, bantun, mantun, dan
gutung-ruyung). Ketiga, kearifan lokal menyabung ayam dan bermain gasing (rabuYK dan
paKkT”). Keempat, teks naratif lokal ini mengandung ciri-ciri bahasa Iban secara fonologi
dan morfologi serta ciri-ciri puitiknya.
Kata kunci: kearifan lokal, ciri bahasa, teks naratif, etnoputika
LOCAL WISDOM AND LANGUAGE FEATURES
OF IBAN PEOPLE’S NARRATIVE TEXTS
Abstract
This study aims to describe local wisdom and language features of Iban people’s
narrative texts. The data sources were three Iban stories from Rimbas Basin, Sarawak,
Malaysia, namely Kumang Nupi’ Sawa’, Entimu Nupi’ Keli’, and Tekura’. The text transcribing
process used the phonetic transcription with the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
system. The transcription and translation results were computerized using the shoebox
program to generate the data base and interlinear text. The results of the study are as
follows. The first is the local wisdom in the traditional fishing technology (acar, paca”,
ginte”, mukat, jala, tubay, and bubu). The second is the local wisdom in the farming tradition
andmutual cooperation (nunuw, kemaraw, tugal, nugal, bantun, mantun, and gutungruyung).
The third is the local wisdom in the cockfighting and spinning top playing (rabuYK
and paKkT”). The fourth is that the local narrative texts phonologically and morphologically
contain the Iban language features and their poetic characteristics.
Keywords: local wisdom, language features, narrative texts, ethnopoetics