Intervensi berbasis musik untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi anak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme: studi meta analisis

Meidy Christianty Soesanto; Ananta Yudiarso

doi:10.21831/jpk.v18i2.42442

Intervensi berbasis musik untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi anak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme: studi meta analisis

Meidy Christianty Soesanto, Universitas Surabaya, Indonesia
Ananta Yudiarso, Universitas Surabaya

10.21831/jpk.v18i2.42442

Abstract

Komunikasi menjadi salah satu masalah terbesar bagi anak dengan gangguan spektrum autisme (GSA) karena sebanyak 25% - 30% anak dengan GSA tidak mampu mengembangkan kemampuan komunikasi. Hal ini menghambat perkembangan anak dengan GSA di berbagai aspek. Studi Meta-Analisis yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk menggali informasi tentang intervensi berbasis musik untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi anak dengan GSA. Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui 6 basis data yaitu Google Scholar, Pubmed, Research gate, ScienceDirect, Springer, Taylor & Francis. Meta-analisis dikaji melalui 8 jurnal penelitian yang diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang telah ditetapkan. Hasil meta analisis menunjukan bahwa intervensi berbasis musik dapat diaplikasikan pada partisipan yang berusia 3-12 tahun dengan gangguan spektrum autisme. Effect size secara keseluruhan yang didapatkan tergolong sedang 0.520 (95% CI = 0.233 - 0.808) dengan I² (inconsistency) = 2.84%. Tidak terdapat bias publikasi dalam penelitian ini (Egger’s Regression p = 0.136). Intervensi berbasis musik dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi anak dengan GSA namun belum cukup efektif.

Keywords

Intervensi berbasis musik; komunikasi; Autistic Spectrum Disorder.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/jpk.v18i2.42442