Pengembangan model pembelajaran berbasis visual dengan pendekatan komunikasi total membuat pola dasar busana wanita untuk tunarungu

Abstract

Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kegiatan pembelajaran membuat pola dasar busana wanita di SLB-B Dharmawanita Kab. Sidoarjo berlangsung tidak teratur. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut difokuskan pada masalah model pembelajaran tata busana membuat pola dasar busana wanita yang diberikan guru di sekolah. Sehingga perlu dikembangkan model pembelajaran berbasis visual dengan pendekatan komtal membuat pola dasar busana wanita, untuk guru dalam memberikan pembelajaran materi membuat pola dasar busana wanita pada siswa kelas X. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tahapan, hasil produk dan kelayakan model pembelajaran berbasis visual dengan pendekatan komtal pada pokok bahasan membuat pola dasar busana wanita pasa anak tunarungu. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian research and development (R&D) dengan mengadaptasi model pengembangan Thiagarajan atau dikenal dengan Four D yang terdiri atas empat tahapan yaitu (1) define, (2) design, (3) develop, dan (4) disseminate. Bentuk pengadaptasian model ini dengan hanya melakukan 3 tahapan saja, yaitu (1) define, (2) design, dan (3) develop. Pada tahap define dilakukan 5 langkah pokok yaitu : (a) analisis awal akhir, (b) analisis anak, (c) analisis tugas, (d) analisis konsep, dan (e) spesifikasi tujuan program. Pada tahap design dilakukan 3 langkah pokok, (a) pemilihan media, (b) pemilihan format, dan (c) perancangan awal. Sedangkan pada tahap develop, dilakukan validasi ahli dari segi pembelajaran dan materi. Hasil penelitian ini berupa panduan mengenai tahap pelaksanaan model pembelajaran berbasis visual membuat pola dasar busana wanita dengan pendekatan komtal yang dituangkan melalui sintaks-sintaks. Kelayakan panduan mengenai tahap pelaksanaan model pembelajaran tersebut menurut ahli pembelajaran tunarungu, memperoleh nilai 3 artinya program ini berada pada kategori baik dari segi pembelajaran dan layak digunakan dan menurut ahli materi tata busana, memperoleh nilai 3,75 artinya program ini berada pada kategori baik dari segi materi dan layak digunakan.Uji terbatas menunjukkan (1) kemampuan guru mengelola pembelajaran pada pertemuan pertama telah menemui kesesuaian dengan kategori baik dengan prosentase keterlaksanaan 97,8%. Pertemuan kedua dengan kategori baik dengan prosentase keterlaksanaan 99%, dan pertemuan ketiga juga mencapai kategori baik dengan prosesntase keterlaksanaan 99%. (2) Unjuk kerja siswa selama pembelajaran, inisial Su mencapai prosentase 100%; inisial Fi mencapai prosentase 100%; inisial Ya mencapai prosentase 99,33; inisial Al mencapai prosentase 98,67%; inisial Na mencapai prosentase 98%; dan inisial Dy mencapai prosentase 99%. Disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran berbasis visual dengan pendekatan komtal secara konsep maupun secara empirik layak dan efektif.

Kata Kunci: Model Pembelajaran Berbasis Visual, Pendekatan Komunikasi Total, Pola Dasar Busana Wanita

Abstract: The background of this research was the activity that ran irregularly in SLB-B Dharmawanita Sidoarjo to make the basic pattern of women's clothing. The focus of the problem was the fashion learning model given by teacher in school to make the basic pattern of women's clothing. Thus, it is necessary to develop a visual-based learning model with total communication approach to make the basic pattern of women's clothing, for teachers, in providing learning material to make the basic pattern of women's clothing in students of tenth class. This study was aimed to describe the stages, product results, and feasibility of visual-based learning model with total communication approach on the subject to make the basic pattern of women's clothing for the hearing impairment child. This research used quantitative and qualitative approach using research and development (R & D) adapting Thiagarajan development model known as Four D consisting of four stages: (1) define, (2) design, (3) develop, and (4) disseminate. The 3 stages were conducted, namely (1) define, (2) design, and (3) develop. In the define phase were five main steps, as follows (a) preliminary analysis, (b) child analysis, (c) task analysis, (d) concept analysis, and (e) program objectives specification. In the design stage were 3 (three) basic steps taken, (a) media selection, (b) format selection, and (c) preliminary design. In the stage of develop was validation of experts in forms of learning and material. The result of this research was guidance on the stage of implementation of visual-based learning model to make the basic pattern of women's clothing using total communication approach in the form of syntax. The feasibility of the guidance on the implementation stage for learning model according to expert got 3 meaning that the program was categorized as good in terms of learning and appropriate to use and according to the material expert of the dress code was 3.75 meaning that the program was categorized as good in terms of material and feasible to use. The limited test shows (1) the ability of the teacher to manage the learning process at the first meeting was suitable and categorized as good, in which the percentage of implementation was 97.8%. The second meeting was categorized as good with the percentage of 99% in implementation. The third meeting was categorized as good with the 99% implementation procession. (2) in the students’ performance while learning, The initial Su was 100%; The initial Fi was 100% percent; The initial Ya was 99.33; The initial Al was 98.67%; The initial Na was 98%; And The initial Dy was 99%. It was concluded that visual-based learning model using total communication approach and was empirically feasible and effective.

Keywords: Visual Based Learning Model, Total Communication Approach, Basic Pattern of Women's Clothing