ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN PEMBELAJARAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN SOSIAL DI SEKOLAH DASAR

Abstract

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi hambatan dan kebutuhan dalam proses pembelajaran ilmu pengetahuan sosial (IPS) di sekolah dasar. Penelitian ini mengunakan pendekatan deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi proses pembelajaran IPS, analisis bahan ajar, dan mencermati rata-rata nilai tes peserta didik. Penelitian dilakukan selama lima bulan mulai dari April 2017 sampai dengan Agustus 2017. Data yang terkumpul di lakukan trianggulasi teknik untuk mengetahui keterkaitan dan kesepadanan data. Setelah itu data dianalisis menggunakan analisis miles interaktif menurut Miles Huberman. Hasil penelitiannya yaitu buku pelajaran yang digunakan kurang menarik karena banyak tulisan dan sedikit gambar yang memacu peserta didik untuk berpikir kritis; guru cenderung ceramah dan tanya jawab dalam proses pembelajaran; peserta didik dalam belajar cenderung menghafalkan daripada menguasai materi pelajaran; keterbatasan penggunaan media pembelajaran oleh guru materi pembelajaran menjadi abstrak bagi peserta didik padahal pembelajaran peserta didik sekolah dasar harus memperhatikan perkembangan cara berpikir peserta didik dari konkret ke abstrak. Inovasi pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan karakteristik peserta didik sekolah dasar akan mampu menciptakan pembelajaran yang bermakna.

NEEDS ANALYSIS IN SOCIAL SCIENCE LEARNING AT PRIMARY SCHOOL

This study was aimed at exploring the obstacles and the needs in teaching social science at the primary school level. A descriptive approach method was used in this study. The data was obtained by observing the learning process, analyzing the teaching materials and media in learning, and analyzing the students’ test scores. The study was conducted for 5 months starting from April 2017 to August 2017. The collected data were examined by triangulation techniques to determine the relationship and comparability of the data. Data were then analyzed using the interactive-miles analysis according to Miles Huberman. The results show that the hand books were not interesting enough as there were too many theories but few pictures which would not encourage students to think critically; teachers tended to adopt a teacher-centered approach of teaching in which they dominated the class with their explanation and there were limited interactive sessions; the students tended to memorize more than master the theories; having limited teaching medias, the teachers made the learning process become abstract, while primary-school students needed to have activities which encouraged their way of thinking from concrete into abstract. An innovation which suits primary school students’ character is needed to create a meaningful learning process.