Techno-feasibility assessment on utilization of rice husk and wood scrap as energy sources of the rotary drier while drying BSF maggot

Purwaka Purwaka; Anak Agung Putu Susastriawan; Hadi Saputra; Suparni Setyowati Rahayu; Taufiq Hidayat; Bambang Wahyu Sidharta; Akanksha Mathur

doi:10.21831/jeatech.v5i2.75953

Techno-feasibility assessment on utilization of rice husk and wood scrap as energy sources of the rotary drier while drying BSF maggot

Purwaka Purwaka, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas AKPRIND Indonesia, Indonesia
Anak Agung Putu Susastriawan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas AKPRIND Indonesia, Indonesia
Hadi Saputra, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas AKPRIND Indonesia, Indonesia
Suparni Setyowati Rahayu, Department of Environmental Engineering, Universitas AKPRIND Indonesia, Indonesia
Taufiq Hidayat, Deparment of Environmental Engineering, Universitas AKPRIND Indonesia, Indonesia
Bambang Wahyu Sidharta, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas AKPRIND Indonesia, Indonesia
Akanksha Mathur, Department of Multi-disciplinary Engineering, The Northcap University, India

10.21831/jeatech.v5i2.75953

Abstract

Black Soldier Flies (BSF) maggot business got increasing attention nowadays, especially dried BSF maggot. The dried BSF maggot is very suitable for fish feed, thus dried maggot business has good prospectus not only in terms of financial sector but also in terms of waste management sector. Unfortunately, making dried maggot requires high cost during drying process, since additional cost for LPG is needed. It is important to replace LPG fuel by less expensive one, such as biomass fuel. Indonesia has huge potential of biomass energy sources which mainly come from agricultural, forestry, and industrial waste. The present work aims to investigate techno-feasibility of rice husk and waste scrap waste as feedstock of rotary drum drier. The experimental work is conducted by drying 10 kg fresh BSF maggot for 2 hours in the drier using blend feedstock of 6 kg rice husk- 6 kg wood scrap (RH-WS) and feedstock of 12 kg wood scrap (WS). The results depict that the waste of rice husk and wood scrap are technological feasible as energy sources for rotary drum dryer while drying BSF maggot. The performance of the drier in terms of drying rate, drying heat, specific fuel consumption, and drier’s effectiveness is better when a blend of rice husk and wood scrap is used as a feedstock. The values of drying rate, drying heat, specific fuel consumption, and drier’s effectiveness when using blend feedstock are 0.92 g/s, 20996.37 kJ, 27940.15 kJ/kg, and 0.67, respectively. It is recommended to use waste of rice husk and wood scarp in blending form to obtain optimum performance of the rotary drier while drying BSF maggot.

Full Text:

PDF

References

Farahdiba A.U., Warmadewanthi I.D.A.A., Fransiscus Y., Rosyidah E., Hermana J, Yuniarto A., (2023). The present and proposed sustainable food waste treatment technology in Indonesia: A review. Environ Technol Innov, 32: 103256. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2023.103256

Belghit I. Liland S.N., Petter Gjesdal P., Biancarosa I., Menchetti E., Li Y., Waagbø R., Krogdahl Å, Lock E.J. (2019). Black soldier fly larvae meal can replace fish meal in diets of sea-water phase Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Aquaculture, 503: 609–619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.12.032

Attivi K., Mlaga K.G., Agboka K., Tona K., Kouame Y.A.E., Lin H. (2022). Effect of fish meal replacement by black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae meal on serum biochemical indices, thyroid hormone and zootechnical performance of laying chickens. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 31(3): 100275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japr.2022.100275

Susana I.G.B, Alit I.B., Okariawan I.D.K. (2023). Rice husk energy rotary dryer experiment for improved solar drying thermal performance on cherry coffee. Case Stud. Therm. Eng. 41: 102616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2022.102616

Xie Q., Chen Z., Mao Y., Chen G., Shen W. (2018). Case studies of heat conduction in rotary drums with L-shaped lifters via DEM. Case Stud. Therm. Eng., 11: 145–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2018.02.001

Trojosky M. (2019). Rotary drums for efficient drying and cooling. Dry. Technol., 37(5): 632–651, https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2018.1552597.

Ettahi K., Chaanaoui M., Sebastien V., Abderafi S., Bounahmidi T. (2022). Modeling and design of a solar rotary dryer bench test for phosphate sludge. Modelling and Simulation in Engineering. 5574242, https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/5574242.

Giudice A.D., Acampora A., Santangelo E., Pari L., Bergonzoli S., Guerriero E., Petracchini F., Torre M., Paolini V., Gallucci F. (2019). Wood chip drying through the using of a mobile rotary dryer. Energies, 12 (9): 1590, https://doi.org/10.3390/en12091590.

Susastriawan AAP, Purwanto Y, Warisman A. (2021). Development of An Air-Stage Downdraft Gasifier and Performance Evaluation on Feedstock of Rice Husk. J. Adv. Res. Fluid Mech. Therm. Sci., 84 (1): 20–32. https://doi.org/10.37934/arfmts.84.1.2032

Wincy WB and Edwin M. (2020). Techno-economic assessment on the implementation of biomass gasifier in conventional parboiling rice mills. Int. J. Energy Res., 44 (3): 1709–1723. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.4991.

Pirasteh G, Saidur R, Rahman SMA, Rahim NA. (2014). A review on development of solar drying applications. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 31: 133–148. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2013.11.052.

Motevali A and Koloor RT. (2020). A comparison between pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions from operation of different dryers based on energy consumption of power plants. J. Clean. Prod., 154: 445–461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.03.219.

Alit I.B., Susana I.G.B., Mara I.M. (2020). Utilization of rice husk biomass in the conventional corn dryer based on the heat exchanger pipes diameter. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 22:100764. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2020.100764

Alit I.B., Susana I.G.B., Mara I.M. (2021). Thermal characteristics of the dryer with rice husk double furnace-heat exchanger for smallholder scale drying. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering, 28:101565. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2021.101565

Rabha D.K. (2021). Performance investigation of a passive-cum-active dryer with a biomass-fired heater integrated with a plate heat exchanger. Renewable Energy, 169: 598-607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.12.126

Hamdani, Rizal T.A., Muhammad Z. (2018). Fabrication and testing of hybrid solar-biomass dryer for drying fish. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 12: 489–496. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2018.06.008

Bhattacharya S.C., Ruangrungchaikul T., Pham H.L. (2000). Design And Performance Of A Hybrid Solar/Biomass Energy Powered Dryer For Fruits And Vegetables. Worm Renewable Energy Congress VI.

Shinozaki J. (1957). The Specific Heat of Insects. Jour. Fac. Sci. Hokkaido Univ. Ser. VI, Zool. 13.

Susastriawan A.A.P, Saptoadi H, Purnomo (2019). Comparison of the gasification performance in the downdraft fixed-bed gasifier fed by different feedstocks: rice husk, sawdust, and their mixture, Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, 34: 27-34 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2019.04.008

Catrawedarma I. G. N. B., Afandi A., Prastujati A.U., Haq E.S. (2024). Exergy evaluation while drying fish waste in the forced convection rotary dryer. AIP Conf. Proc. 3145, 020018. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0214140

DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/jeatech.v5i2.75953