Dampak perubahan kebijakan kelulusan terhadap pendidikan menengah di Kota Bima-Nusa Tenggara Barat

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dampak perubahan kebijakan kelulusan dalam meningkatkan persiapan sumber daya manusia, sarana dan prasarana, biaya, kegiatan monitoring dan evaluasi, serta tindak lanjut hasil monitoring dan evaluasi persiapan pelaksanaan ujian nasional terhadap peningkatan persiapan SDM di Kota Bima. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis research of policy. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumen. Keabsahan data diuji melalui trianggulasi data dan trianggulasi metode. Analisis data menggunakan model interactive. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perubahan kebijakan kelulusan tidak berdampak pada perkembangan kegiatan persiapan peserta didik sekolah tingkat atas negeri dan swasta, tidak berdampak pada peningkatan jumlah sarana dan prasarana sekolah swasta, dan tidak berdampak pada peningkatan biaya persiapan ujian nasional sekolah negeri dan swasta. Orang tua, peserta didik, dan pendidik sekolah negeri dan swasta merasakan dampak negatif yang sama yaitu menurunnya motivasi orang tua memantau perkembangan anak, motivasi belajar peserta didik, dan motivasi mengajar pendidik. Dampak positif adalah menurunnya tingkat kecurangan saat pelaksanaan ujian nasional. Kepala sekolah sekolah negeri dan swasta dan dinas terkait melakukan kegiatan monitoring dan evaluasi sebelum, saat, dan setelah pelaksanaan ujian nasional, namun tindak lanjut hasil kegiatan monitoring dan evaluasi belum mempengaruhi perkembangan kegiatan persiapan sumber daya manusia, jumlah sarana dan prasarana, dan biaya persiapan ujian nasional. Perubahan kebijakan kelulusan tidak berdampak pada peningkatan mutu pendidikan menengah di Kota Bima.

Kata kunci: kebijakan kelulusan, pendidikan menengah, mutu pendidikan

THE IMPACT OF CHANGES IN THE POLICY OF GRADUATION TO THE SECONDARY EDUCATION IN BIMA-WEST NUSA TENGGARA

Abstract

This study aims to identify the impact of changes in the policy of graduation to improve the preparation of human resources, facilities and infrastructures, budgeting, monitoring and evaluating, and following-up of monitoring and evaluating in implementation of national exam preparation towards improving the human resources preparation in Bima-West Nusa Tenggara. This is a qualitative research method and kind of the research is policy research. Data were collected through interviews, observation and document study. Data validation examined by data and method triangulation. The data analysis used by interactive. The results showed that the graduation policy changes had no impact on the progress of the preparation public and private senior high school, had no impact on increasing the number of facilities and infrastructures of private school, and had no impact on increasing the graduation exam preparation budgeting of national public and private secondary schools. The parents, students, and teachers of public and private school felt the same negative impact. The negative impact were declining motivation of parents to monitor child development, motivation of learners, and educators teach motivation. Positive impact was a decreased level of cheating during the implementation of the national exam. The principals and government did the monitoring and evaluating before, during, and after the implementation of the national exam, but following-up of the monitoring and evaluating had not affected for preparation of human resources, facilities and infrastructures, and the budgeting of national exam preparation.

Keywords: policy of graduation, senior high school, and quality of education