Submissions

Author Guidelines

Title

The title should be concise, clear, and informative, accurately describing the content of the article. Since titles are used in article retrieval systems, avoid abbreviations and formulas whenever possible. In certain cases, the title may be phrased as a question.

Author Names and Affiliations

Clearly indicate the full names of all authors and ensure the spelling is accurate. List the affiliation(s) of each author directly under their name, using lowercase superscript letters to match authors with their respective affiliations. Each affiliation should include the full postal address and the name of the country. If available, provide the email address and include an ORCID ID, Scopus ID, or Researcher ID for each author.

Corresponding Author

Clearly specify the corresponding author who will be responsible for communication throughout the peer-review process, publication, and post-publication. This author must be able to respond to any inquiries regarding methodology and materials. Ensure that the provided contact details, including the email address, remain up to date.

Abstract & Keywords

Abstract

A concise and factual abstract (150-250 words) is required. It should briefly summarize the purpose of the study, key results, and major conclusions. Since abstracts are often presented separately from the full article, they must be self-contained. Avoid references, but if essential, cite the author(s) and year(s). Also, refrain from using non-standard abbreviations unless they are defined upon first mention.

Keywords

Immediately following the abstract, provide up to six keywords. Avoid general terms, plural words, and multiple concepts (e.g., "and," "of"). Use abbreviations sparingly—only well-established ones in the field are permitted. These keywords will be used for indexing purposes.

Manuscript Structure (IMRaD Format)

Introduction

For Original Research Articles

The introduction provides a brief overview of relevant literature related to the research topic. It should be written descriptively, beginning with a broad perspective before narrowing down to the specific research problem. The final paragraph should clearly state the research questions being addressed and highlight the novelty of the study.

For Review Articles

The introduction is more concise and typically includes:

1. Background – General topics, issues, or areas of concern that establish the study’s context.
2. Research Gaps – Emerging trends, unresolved conflicts, or new perspectives in the field.
3. Justification – The reason for conducting the literature review.

Methods

For Original Research Articles

This section provides a detailed description of the study’s methods, including materials used, key procedures, data collection techniques, and analytical methods. If applicable, research design and experimental setups should also be described.

For Review Articles

Include details about data sources, search strategies, article selection criteria, the number of included studies, and the statistical or analytical methods used. The PRISMA method is highly recommended for systematic reviews. Ensure that all data sources are clearly identified and valid.

Results and Discussion

For Original Research Articles

Present data analysis in a structured manner. Clearly explain findings and their implications. Figures and tables should be described and interpreted within the text.

For Review Articles

The main section should be logically organized based on themes, methodologies, theories, chronological order, or geographical locations of the reviewed studies. Each paragraph should focus on a specific idea, aspect, or topic, linking multiple studies together rather than merely summarizing them. Comparisons between studies should be highlighted, and tables summarizing key findings are recommended.

Conclusion

The conclusion should summarize the key findings of the study and their broader implications. In original research articles, conclusions should emphasize the study's contributions to the field. In review articles, conclusions should discuss the significance of the findings, limitations, and recommendations for future research.

Acknowledgments

This section should recognize funding sources, institutions, and individuals who contributed to the research or manuscript preparation.

References

Citations in Text

Ensure that all references cited in the text are included in the reference list (and vice versa). References in the abstract should be fully detailed. Unpublished results and personal communications should generally not be included in the reference list but can be mentioned in the text. References cited as "in press" indicate the item has been accepted for publication.

Web References

At a minimum, include the full URL and the date of access. If available, also include DOI, author names, publication dates, and reference sources. Web references can be listed separately or within the reference list.

Reference Style

This journal follows the APA reference style. Authors must use a reference management tool such as Mendeley, EndNote, or Zotero.

Figures & Tables

Figures

Figures should be of high quality and used effectively to present research findings. The use of professional software for generating figures is recommended.

Figure Captions

Each figure must have a caption that includes a brief title (not on the figure itself) and a description of the illustration. Minimize text within the figure itself, but explain all symbols and abbreviations used.

Permissions

If using previously published figures, authors must obtain copyright permission for both print and online formats. Proper attribution is required.

Tables

• Submit tables as editable text, not as images.
• Tables can be placed within the text or on separate pages.
• Number tables sequentially as they appear in the manuscript.
• Avoid redundant data that are already described in the text.
• Use minimal formatting—avoid vertical lines and shading.
• Ensure all tables are referenced in the text.

Units of Measurement

Follow the International System of Units (SI) for all measurements.

Language & Editing Services

Manuscripts must be written in high-quality English (American or British English, but not a mix of both). If necessary, authors may use professional language editing services to improve grammar and clarity.