KEARIFAN LOKAL DAN CIRI KEBAHASAAN TEKS NARATIF MASYARAKAT IBAN - Asfar, Dedy Ari (LITERA, 2016)
KEARIFAN LOKAL DAN CIRI KEBAHASAAN TEKS NARATIF MASYARAKAT IBAN Dedy Ari Asfar Balai Bahasa Provinsi Kalimantan Barat email: dedyprim@yahoo.com Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan kearifan lokal dan ciri kebahasaan teks naratif masyarakat Iban. Sumber data penelitian adalah tiga cerita Iban dari Lembah Sungai Rimbas, Sarawak, Malaysia, yaitu Kumang Nupi’ Sawa’, Entimu Nupi’ Keli’, dan Tekura’. Proses pentranskripsian teks menggunakan pencatatan secara fonetik dengan sistem International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). Hasil transkripsi dan terjemahan kemudian diolah dengan komputer menggunakan program shoebox untuk menghasilkan database dan interlinear text. Hasil penlitian sebagai berikut. Pertama, kearifan lokal teknologi tangkap ikan tradisional (acar, paca", ginte", mukat, jala, tubay, dan bubu). Kedua, kearifan lokal adat berladang dan bergotong royong (nunuw, kemaraw, tugal, nugal, bantun, mantun, dan gutung-ruyung). Ketiga, kearifan lokal menyabung ayam dan bermain gasing (rabuYK dan paKkT"). Keempat, teks naratif lokal ini mengandung ciri-ciri bahasa Iban secara fonologi dan morfologi serta ciri-ciri puitiknya. Kata kunci: kearifan lokal, ciri bahasa, teks naratif, etnoputika LOCAL WISDOM AND LANGUAGE FEATURES OF IBAN PEOPLE’S NARRATIVE TEXTS Abstract This study aims to describe local wisdom and language features of Iban people’s narrative texts. The data sources were three Iban stories from Rimbas Basin, Sarawak, Malaysia, namely Kumang Nupi’ Sawa’, Entimu Nupi’ Keli’, and Tekura’. The text transcribing process used the phonetic transcription with the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) system. The transcription and translation results were computerized using the shoebox program to generate the data base and interlinear text. The results of the study are as follows. The first is the local wisdom in the traditional fishing technology (acar, paca", ginte", mukat, jala, tubay, and bubu). The second is the local wisdom in the farming tradition andmutual cooperation (nunuw, kemaraw, tugal, nugal, bantun, mantun, and gutungruyung). The third is the local wisdom in the cockfighting and spinning top playing (rabuYK and paKkT"). The fourth is that the local narrative texts phonologically and morphologically contain the Iban language features and their poetic characteristics. Keywords: local wisdom, language features, narrative texts, ethnopoetics