Keanekaragaman Cacing Tanah Pada Lahan Sawah Tercemar Residu Pestisida - Ramadhanti, Nur Rizki Putri; Aminatun, Tien; Rakhmawati, Anna; Octavia, Bernadetta; Suhartini, Suhartini (Jurnal Sains Dasar, 2023)
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui kondisi fisikokimia dan keanekaragaman cacing tanah pada lahan sawah tercemar residu pestisida di Wonokerto, Turi, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian observasi yang mendeskripsikan keanekaragaman cacing tanah di lahan tercemar residu pestisida terutama golongan organofosfat. Lahan penelitian meliputi lahan A dengan umur penggunaan pestisida organofosfat lebih dari 1 tahun dan lahan B berumur kurang dari 1 tahun. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik handsorting pada petak 25x25x25cm. Sampel diidentifikasi di Laboratorium Lingkungan FMIPA UNY. Analisis data secara deskriptif berdasarkan hasil indeks keanekaragaman Shannon–Wienner. Hasil uji kandungan pestisida golongan organofosfat lahan A dan lahan B adalah tidak terdeteksi. Namun berdasarkan paparan petani, lahan A dan lahan B menggunakan pestisida golongan organofosfat dengan bahan aktif profenofos selama lebih dari 1 tahun. Untuk itu, ke dua lahan diperkirakan tercemar pestisida golongan organofosfat. Hasil uji fisikokimia tanah lahan A bertekstur geluh pasiran dengan kandungan bahan organik dan C organik lebih rendah serta pH, KTK, N total, P tersedia, dan K tersedia lebih tinggi dibanding lahan B bertekstur pasir geluhan. Tingkat keanekaragaman cacing tanah adalah rendah pada ke dua lahan dengan indeks keanekaragaman tertinggi 0,617 pada lahan B berumur kurang dari 1 tahun penggunaan pestisida golongan organofosfat. Kata kunci: keanekaragaman, cacing tanah, cemaran, residu pestisida. This research aims to discover physicochemical conditions of soil and diversity of earthworms in fields contaminated pesticide residues in Wonokerto, Turi, Sleman, Yogyakarta. This research is observational research describes earthworms’ diversity in fields contaminated pesticide residues, especially organophosphate. Research area includes field A, with exposure to organophosphate pesticides for more than 1 year, and field B less than 1 year. The handsorting was employed as a sampling technique in plots of 25x25x25cm. Samples were identified at Environmental Laboratory FMIPA UNY. Data analysis was conducted descriptively based on results Shannon–Wienner diversity index. The test results show pesticide organophosphate content in two fields was undetected. However, based on the explanation from farmers in field A and B, used organophosphate pesticides with active ingredient profenophos more than 1 year. It is estimated, both fields will remain contaminated organophosphate pesticides. The soil physicochemical tests indicate field A, a sandy loam texture, had lower organic matter content and organic C with higher pH, CEC, total N, available P, and available K compared to field B with a loamy sand texture. Diversity level of earthworms is low in both fields with highest index being 0,617 in field B, less than 1 year using organophosphate pesticides. Keywords: diversity, earthworms, contamination, pesticide residue.