ANALYSIS OF THE RELIABILITY OF ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS USING THE TECHNIQUE SECTION METHOD AND RNEA FEDDER GIBP-MESIR

— Electricity distribution systems are reliable if delivering electricity to the customer does not experience significant interruptions in the PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Duri found a variety of disturbances in one year. The resulting impact is energy that needs to be channelled during disruption, thus making the reliability value of the electricity distribution system unreliable. The study aims to analyze the system's reliability on the GIBP-MESIR fedder, using the Technique Section Method and RNEA Method, and calculate the economic losses over a year. System reliability index results using Section Technique Method SAIFI 1,258 times/customer/year, SAIDI 5,324 hours/customer/year and CAIDI 4,232 hours/customer/year. The RNEA method SAIFI 1,844 times/customer/year, SAIDI 7,819 hours/customer/year, and CAIDI 4,239 hours/customer/year. For both ways, the SAIFI, SAIDI, and CAIDI values are below SPLN 88-2 1986, and then it can be said to be reliable. Economic fulfillment of Section Technique Method with ENS value 59.194.677,96kWh, AENS 3.453,39 kWh/customer, and Rp 85.518.551.248. RNEA method values ENS 86.933.685,93 kWh, AENS 5.071,681 kWh/customer, and Rp. 125.593.096.063 for one year.


Introduction
Electricity distribution system is essential in delivering electric energy to the customer.This system must have good quality and a high level of reliability, with no significant interference or shutdown [1].This is unavoidable because several factors affect the reliability of the list distribution system.Factors affecting the reliability of the system are external and internal disturbances [2].External disturbances include lightning, tree branches, and failure to isolate.If left unchecked, these disturbances will lead to a decrease in the reliability of the electricity distribution system [3].
PT.PLN (Persero) ULP Duri is a company that distributes electricity in the Duri region.The generated electricity comes from two Mother guards, the Main Guard of the Hall of Pungut and Duri's Head Guard.The Main Guard had eleven fighters from Cameroon, Congo, Morocco, and Mesir.While Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Cuba, Panama, Venezuela, and Chile were supplied by the Duri Mother Guard.
Based on the results of interviews through the Technical Supervisor, PT.PLN (Persero) ULP Duri, there are disruptions in the entire recurrence, totaling 363 times/year.From the total disturbance of all these repetitions, one of the fedder that have the highest value of disruption is taken namely, the fedder of GIBP-MESIR.GIBP-MESIR fedder have 51 times/year, causing interference by 2%, isolator slowness by 3%, SUTM components by 13%, animals by 5%, and trees by 10%.The reliability value of System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI) was 16,303 times/customer/year, and System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI) 22,881 hours/customer/year.In addition, the economic losses generated were an ENS value of 25.439.607,28kWh, an AENS of 14.841,378 kWh/customer, and Rp.367.526.005.622 for one year.It can be seen that PT.PLN (Persero) ULP Duri on the fedder GIBP-MESIR has a system reliability value that exceeds SPLN No. 68-2 1986, so the losses experienced are huge.Therefore, the GIBP-MESIR retreat is said to be unreliable.
The research discusses the reliability of electrical distribution systems, i.e., network reliability analysis, by comparing RIA and FMEA Methods using the parameters SAIDI, SAIFI, CAIDI, and MAIFI.Other research also discussed the reliability of electrical distribution systems, namely comparing the Section Technique Method and FMEA using the parameters SAIFI, SAIDI, and CAIDI [4][5] [6].Next, after research on the reliability of electricity distribution systems using the Section Technique Method, the study adds an analysis of the calculation of economic losses [7].Another study on the reliability of the electricity distribution system using the RNEA Method said an analysis of the total economic losses [8][9].
Based on the Problem and related research, the researchers will analyze the reliability of the electrical distribution system on the GIBP-MESIR fedder using the Section Technique and the RNEA Method.The System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI), System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI), and the Customer's average interruption duration index (CAIDI).Calculate economic losses mathematically, the parameters used are the Energy Not Supplied (ENS) index, Average Energy Not Supplied (AENS), and Economic Loss.Then the results of the reliability analysis of the system with the method can be used as evaluation material for the system reliability value on the fedder GIBP-MESIR in PT.PLN (Persero) ULP Duri.

Method
The method used in this study is an analysis using the Section Technique and the RNEA Method with the following stages:

Division of Network Channels by Section Technique and RNEA
Data Single Line Diagram of the GIBP-MESIR dispatch obtained from PT.PLN (Persero) ULP Duri The number of Load Points on GIBP-MESIR is 118, totaling 17.141 customers per year.The total number of lines in the repeat is 163, with a full length of the channel of 160,9 km.While the equipment installed on this repeater, such as FCO, is 17 pieces, there are 2 LBS, one recloser, and 1 CB.Then there will be a channel division per section for the Section Technique Method, a branch channel division and a primary channel for the RNEA Method.
The network model uses the Section Technique Method, dividing the network into several Sections.On the GIBP-MESIR network, which is divided into four Sections, the division is determined No based on the placement of the security attached to the channel [10].can be seen in the following Table 4.The network model uses the RNEA Method, dividing the network into branches and main channels.In determining the channel branches, one can see the traffic layout separated by the security, and for the amount of load, there is more than one in the channel [11][12].can be seen in the following table 5:

The GIBP-MESIR Feeder System Reliability Index a. System Reliability Index for Load Points
The initial process of calculating this reliability index begins with calculating the reliability index based on the impact of the Load Point.There are two calculations to calculate the Load Point reliability index: calculating the frequency of shutdowns and counting the shutdown time [13][14].can be seen in the following equation: The parameter used in this study is the System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI).System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI) Customer's average interruption duration index (CAIDI) [15] [16].It can be seen in the following equation: 3) System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI) When performing the calculation of the index in the electrical distribution system, it is necessary to pay attention to the standard of components and tools used, as can be seen in the following Table 7.As for measuring the reliability of the electricity distribution system, it requires a fixed benchmark or standard, which is helpful to assess a reliable electricity system.can be seen in the following Table 8.

Repeat economic losses of GIBP-MESIR
Analysis of economic calculation of electric power distribution systems, which is derived from energy not conducted during the disruption [19] [20], can be seen in the following equation:

Calculation of the Reliability Index using the Section Technique Method
The initial step in performing system reliability analysis using the Section Technique method is to divide the network structure into four Sections.This division is seen based on the placement of the recloser and LBS on the network or channel in the GIBP-MESIR Fedder.In Table 9, if the circuit breaker fails, all the slowing and traffic affecting the circuit breaker will fail.If a failure occurs on Lines 1-8 and 38-40, the equipment and traffic that affect those channels will be the failure.If a failure occurs on the FCO equipment, the loss will be the equipment within its scope.If there is a failure in the trafo, then the failure occurs only in that trafo.
The next step is to calculate each component's shut-off frequency (λ) and count every element's shut-off time (U).To find the frequency of extinction (λ) and the length of extraction (U), use equations 1 and 2. For example, take the calculation at load point 1 (Section 1) as follows:  In Table 10, for the total result of the calculation of the frequency of shutdown (λ) and the duration of shutdown (U) in Section 1, for the impact of measures in Section 2, Section 3, and Section 4, the same process is performed as in the calculations of Section 1.
Then calculate the reliability indices SAIFI, SAIDI, and CAIDI.To calculate this index, use equations 3, 4, and 5. Then take the example of Load Point 1 in Section 1, as follows:  In Table 11 of the results of the SAIFI, SAIDI, and CAIDI index against Load Point, it can be seen that the highest resulting SAIFI, SAIDI, and CAIDI are found in LP 1-6 and LP 27-28, with a SAIFI value of 0,101358 times/customer/year, a SAIDI of 0,43851 hours/customer/year, and a CAIDI of 4.326341 hours/consumer/year.
After knowing the value of the reliability index in each Section, it is possible to obtain the repeated GIBP-MESIR reliability Index value by summarizing the entire results of the reliability index in every Section.It can be found in the following table: It can be analyzed that the results obtained from the sum of the sections are a SAIFI index of 1,25805 times/customer/year, a SAIDI of 5,32422 hours/customer/year, and a CAIDI of 4,23212 hours/customer/year on the repeat GIBP-MESIR.

Calculation of Reliability Index using the RNEA Method
The reliability analysis using the RNEA Method on GIBP-MESIR fedders must determine SAIFI, SAIDI, and CAIDI index values.To obtain the value of the index, the frequency of shutdowns (λ) and shutdown time (U) on the branch and main channels will be calculated.Can be seen in the following table: For example, the calculation is taken from the first line on the first branch as follows: For example, the calculation is taken from the first LP on the first branch as follows: Selajut calculated the SAIFI, SAIDI, and CAIDI reliability indexes on GIBP-MESIR as follows: It can be analyzed that using the RNEA Method has a SAIFI index result of 1,84455 times/customer/year, a SAIDI of 7,81918 hours/customer/year, and a CAIDI of 4,239054119 hours/customer/year on the GIBP-MESIR feeder.

Reliability Index Between Section Technique and RNEA Compared to SPLN No. 68-2, 1986
From the results of analysis and reliability calculations that have been performed using both the Section Technique and the RNEA methods, we will compare the outcomes of the SAIFI, SAIDI, and CAIDI indexes with SPLN No. 68 to 1986.It can be seen in the following table and picture:  Based on the results in Table 16, before using the Section Technique and RNEA methods, PT.PLN (Persero) ULP Duri has a SAIFI reliability index of 16,30313682 times/customer/year and a SAIDI index of 22,88145557 hours/customer/year, from the results of the reliability index, PT.PLN (Persero) ULP Duri is above the PLN standard No. 68-2 1986, so the repeat of GIBP-MESIR is said to be unreliable.The system reliability index on the GIBP-MESIR feeder when using the Section Technique method was 1,25806 times/customer/year, the SAIDI index was 5,32422 hours/customer/year, and the CAIDI index was 4,23210 hours/customer/year.The value of the GIBP-MESIR reliability index when using the Section Technique method is still below the standard, so it is said to be reliable.When using the RNEA method, the SAIFI reliability index was 1,8445 times/customer/year, the SAIDI index was 7,81918 hours/customer/year, and the CAIDI index was 4,23905 hours/customer/year.Then the reliability of the GIBP-MESIR recovery system when using the RNEA method is below the standard and reliable.The differences resulting from the two methods are that the Section Technique method has a lower reliability index value than the RNEA method.

Calculation of the Index Based on the Economic Loss on the Feeder GIBP ME-SIR
In the analysis Energy Not Supplied (ENS), use equation 7. The first thing to know before searching for the ENS index value is the mathematical calculation of the active power during the disruption.It can be seen in equation 6.

Conclusion
Analysis of the reliability of the electricity distribution system using Section Technique and RNEA Method: the result of Section Technology has a SAIFI value of 1,25806 times/customer/year, a SAIDI value of 5,32422 hours/customer/year, and a CAIDI value of 4,232102648 hours/customer/year.When analyzing the reliability of the system using the RNEA Method, the SAIFI value was 1.84455 times/customer/year, the SAIDI value was 7.81918 hours/customer/year, and the CAIDI value was 4.239054119 hours/customer/year.Then, the two methods will be compared with SPLN No. 68-2, 1986.When performing system reliability analysis both ways, the system reliance index on the GIBP-MESIR fedder is below the standard used.The differences obtained from the two methods are that the system reliability analysis results from the Section Technique Method are lower than those from the RNEA Method.When the system reliability analysis process is done, the Section Technique method is simpler to analyze.Both ways are said to be reliable.
For the value of economic losses obtained before using the Section Technique and RNEA Methods.Fedder GIBP-MESIR resulted in economic losses in the form of an Energy Not Supplied (ENS) value of 254396072,28 kWh, an Average Energy Not Supplied (AENS) value of 14841,378 kWh/customer, and Rp.367.526.005.622 for his loss.When using the Section Technique and RNEA methods, the Section Technique method has an ENS value of 59194677,96 kWh, an AENS value of 3453,396 kWh/customer, and Rp.85.518.551.248 for his loss.In the RNEA method, the ENS value was 86933685,93 kWh, the AENS value was 5071,681 kWh/customer, and Rp.125.593.096.063 for his loss.
a. Study literature related to analyzing the reliability of electrical distribution systems.b.Collect data and calculate system reliability using the Section Technique and the RNEA Method.c. Comparing the results of the analysis of the two methods with SPLN No. 68 to 1986 d. Calculate the value of the economic loss in a year (2022) based on the data on energy not supplied and Average Energy not supplied.The outcome of the study is shown in the following Fig.1

Fig. 1 .
Fig. 1.Flowchart research 2.1 Data collection and processing parameters This phase is done by collecting secondary data through a live interview in PT.PLN (Persero) ULP Duri.The data obtained are interference data, customer number, channel length, SAFI value, and SADI on fedder GIBP-MESIR.
and RNEA Method Analysis Results with SPLN 68-2, 1986 Finished Start Receiving data: SLD fedder GIBP-MESIR Disruptive data for 2022 Number of customer data.The Long Channels Calculate the Value of the Reliability Index using the section technique and the RNEA method.The Long Channels Comparing Section Technique and RNEA Method Analysis Results with SPLN 68-2, 1986

5 )
Customer's average interruption duration index (CAIDI)   : Average number of failures (failures/years)   : Time of Customer Expiration (hour/year) N i : The number of customers served at the load point i N: Number of customers served b.System reliability of 20kV 2 × 0,85 = 0,17 Failure/years U LP = ∑ λ i  i = i−k 0,17 × 3 = 0,51 Hour/years

Fig. 2 .
Fig. 2. Comparison of the System Reliability Index

Table 3 .
Data ENS, AENS, and Economic Loss (RP) for one year in

Table 4 .
Division of Section Channels on Repeat GIBP-MESIR

Table 9 .
Data Section 1: Components that Interact on the Load Point

Table 10 .
Results of calculation of shutdown frequency (λ) and shut down time (U) section 1

Table 11 .
Results of calculation of SAIFI, SAIDI, and CAIDI indices versus Load Points in Section 1

Table 12 .
Index results in SAIFI, SAIDI, and CAIDI for each section on repeat GIBP-MESIR

Table 13 .
Results of calculation of shutdown frequency (λe1) and shutdown time (Ue1)

Table 14 .
Calculation of Load Point 1

Table 15 .
Results of the calculation of SAIFI, SAIDI, and CAIDI indices

Table 16 .
Comparison of System Reliability Index Values Between Section Technique Method and RNEA with SPLN No. 68-2, 1986

Table 17 .
If the results of the ENS and AENS values calculation have been obtained, then calculate the economic loss of unchanneled energy due to power outages.This process is carried out by increasing the ENS value with the Electric Power Tariff that the ESDM Minister established in 2022. in recognition using equation 9.This can be seen as follows: Economic Losses Before Using The Method

Table 18 .
Economic Losses After Using The Method The results of economic losses can be seen in Tables17 and 18.Before using system reliability analysis methods, use the Section Technique and RNEA methods.The economic losses experienced by the PT.PLN(Persero)ULP Duri amounted to Rp. 367.526.005.622, with uncontained energy of 254.396.072,28Kwh.The average unchanneled energy consumption was 14,841,378 kWh/customer.Section Technique and RNEA methods found meager results in its economic losses, ENS and AENS.The technical section of Rp. 85.518.551.248, with uncharted energy of 59.194.677,96Kwh.The average unchanneled energy was 3,453,396 kWh/customer.Then use the RNEA method: 125.593.096.063, with an uncharted energy of 86.933.685,93Kwh.The average unchanneled energy was 5.071,681 kWh/customer.