Scheduling design of Jakarta-Cikampek II elevated toll road project ( P . 186 – P . 187 )

ARTICLE INFO The key to achieving effective and efficient development goals is by increasing the quality of construction management by collecting up-to-date data about the project's resources, mainly about productivity. In this research space, productivity will be discussed, including human resources and their management. The case study is the project of Jakarta-Cikampek II Elevated Toll Road. This project was a developing project to improve the capacity of the existing Jakarta-Cikampek toll road. This elevated structure will be built right in the area (median and side edge) of the existing toll road, making it interesting to discuss how the construction is carried out. Scheduling analysis in this study was carried out at points P.186 to P.187 of the construction project. The analysis includes identifying the productivity index of labor resources and equipment that has a major role in shaping the scheduling concept. The concept will be performed by determining a network diagram that will use the Critical Path Method (CPM) rule. The data used in this analysis are construction drawing, scurve plan, worker data, weekly job plan, work method, and some interviews with worker and field project manager. These results obtained the large productivity of workers and equipment, and the duration required to complete the construction starting prom point P.186 to P.187 is 248 working days. This is an open-access article under the CC–BY-SA license Article history Received: 7 October 2020 Revised: 26 November 2020 Accepted: 20 January 2021


Introduction
The Project of Jakarta-Cikampek II Elevated Toll Road will be built right in the median area and on the side of the existing toll road. This project's duration will greatly affect the conduciveness of traffic, especially in the Jakarta-Cikampek toll road area. It needs an effective and efficient construction management plan to be done and completed properly.
Management is coordinating work activities so that the work is completed efficiently and effectively and through other researchers [1], [2]. The research aims to plan a construction management concept within the scope of effective and efficient scheduling to minimize disruption to the currently active toll road. The research method must include productivity analysis of human resources and tools. The data must be as accurate as possible because it will be used to determine the work duration and compile it into a network diagram using the CPM (Critical Path Method) method.
In this study, the information on workers in the form of numbers and their productivity during working at a certain time will determine the productivity index of a worker in a particular job. The tools used and which play an important role in the completion of a job will also be identified for their number, specifications, and productivity. The productivity will eventually be used to determine how long it takes for tools and workers to complete their work. The optimal duration will be obtained, which will be used to compile a network diagram and analyze it using the Critical Path Method (CPM).

Method
The productivity of equipment are as follows:

Productivity of Manpower
Manpower productivity is identified by comparing the output and the time required for a job [4].
Productivity/day: Qt = Tw x Q1 (11) (1) Time working/day Tw (2) Digging Productivity/Day Qt The management function approach shows apparent effectiveness or obligation when coordinating others efficiently and effectively-the four essential functions of management [1]: planning, organizing, lead, controlling. In the analysis of the network, there are two concepts, namely events and activity.
(1) Events : is the beginning or end of an activity. (2) Activity : is a job or task where the completion requires a certain period, costs, and facilities.
To design a project network, three important elements must be known [5], [6].
(1) Inventory of activity (2) The process of inventory of these activities is the breakdown of a project into several major components of the project (3) Dependency Logic (4) Solving the project into work packages should consider the sequence of work to be performed (5) Estimated Time (6) This time estimate is the period required to complete each activity Several factors determine the length of activity, job volume, labor, weather, project location, time estimating procedure. The terms used in the network diagram are as follows [7], [8]: (1) Earliest Start Time (ES)is the earliest time an activity can start, taking into account the expected activity time and the sequence requirements of the exhortation.  (1) Total Float = LS -ES (it is also calculated by LF -EF) (2) Free Float = Lowest ES of successors -EF Critical Path method has the following characteristics: (1) Network A network diagram is created using arrows to illustrate the activities, and the node describes an event. At the beginning of the arrow, the node is determined as I-Node, while at the end of the arrow is specified as J-Node. (2) Use advanced calculations to obtain the earliest start time (EETi) on the earliest I-Node and start time (EET) on the J-Node of all activities by taking its maximum value. Here it is understood that the earliest time of event occurs = 0. The calculation is EETj = EETi + duration X.

Results and Discussion
Productivity identification of tools that had a vital role in developing construction is presented in Table 7. Labor productivity has differences in each type of work [9]- [11] as Fig. 3 shows different labor productivity in several jobs based on the duration of the number of workers according to conditions in the field [12].   General work activities could begin one week before all activities are carried out and become routine activities every day, supporting other activities [13] so that the total project duration will increase by six days. The results of network diagram analysis using the Critical Path Network (CPM) are formed into a Gantt Chart. This Gantt Chart is linked by calendar and weekly blocks (in a week has six working days) [14]. This scheduling concept fundamentally depends on the development methodology, which technically determines the schedule's effectiveness and efficiency. The activity which is the main concern for determining the work method is the pier head section [15]. This section is demanded the optimal duration, but the location of the work in an active toll road area is a serious challenge [16] so that to carry out the development in this section, the Sosrobahu method is chosen, it is aimed at avoiding the direct influence on traffic consumption.