PENINGKATAN KOMPETENSI MENULIS CERITA PENDEK MELALUI TEKNIK TRANSFORMASI TEKS PUISI DAN CO-CREATIVE WRITING

Abstract

Menulis kreatif merupakan keterampilan yang dapat berkontribusi bagi pengembangan kemampuan berbahasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kompetensi mahasiswa dalam menulis cerita pendek melalui teknik transformasi teks puisi dan co-creative writing. Penelitian ini melibatkan 18 orang mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta sebagai subjek penelitian dan seorang dosen pengampu mata kuliah Menulis Sastra sebagai kolaborator peneliti. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan menerapkan dua siklus dengan lima kali pertemuan selama pengambilan data penelitian. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui teknik observasi, wawancara, dan penyebaran kuisioner untuk kemudian dilakukan kondensasi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan dari data kualitatif yang diperoleh. Kemampuan mahasiswa dalam menulis cerita pendek diperoleh melalui tes menulis cerita pendek yang kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Berdasarkan analisis, diperoleh kesimpulan sebagai berikut. Pertama, penerapan teknik transformasi teks puisi dan co-creative writing dapat meningkatkan efikasi diri mahasiswa, mengembangkan kesadaran kolaborasi dalam menulis cerita pendek, dan membangun suasana perkuliahan menulis sastra yang aktif dan dinamis. Kedua, peningkatan skor rerata setiap aspek kompetensi menulis cerita pendek dari siklus ke siklus memperlihatkan bahwa penerapan teknik transformasi teks puisi dan co-creative writing dapat meningkatkan kompetensi menulis cerita pendek di kalangan mahasiswa. Teknik ini terutama sangat membantu dalam mengembangkan kemampuan untuk menggali ide dan imajinasi penulisan cerita pendek. Mahasiswa menjadi terlatih untuk melakukan ekspansi cerita, modifikasi dan variasi, atau konversi cerita.

Kata kunci: menulis kreatif, transformasi teks puisi, efikasi diri, menulis kolaboratif

INCREASING COMPETENCE OF SHORT STORIES WRITING THROUGH POETRY TEXT TRANSFORMATION AND CO-CREATIVE WRITING TECHNIQUES

Abstract
Creative writing is a skill that is expected to contribute to the development of language skills. This study aimed to improve students' competence in writing short stories through poetry texts transformation and co-creative writing techniques. The study involved 18 students of the Department of Language and Literature Education, Faculty of Language and Arts, Yogyakarta State University as research subjects and a lecturer who teaches Literature as a research collaborator. The study was a classroom action research by applying two cycles with five meetings during the research data collection. Data collection was carried out through observation, interviews, and filling out questionnaires followed by data condensation, data display, and drawing conclusions from the qualitative data obtained. Students' ability in writing short stories was obtained through a short story writing test which was then analyzed using descriptive quantitative analysis. The following research results were obtained. First, the application of poetry texts transformation and co-creative writing techniques increased student self-efficacy, developed collaborative awareness in writing short stories, and built an active and dynamic literary writing lecture atmosphere. Second, the increase in the mean score of each aspect of competency in writing short stories from cycle to cycle showed that the application of the poetry texts transformation and co-creative writing techniques improved the competence of writing short stories among students. This technique was especially helpful in developing the ability to explore ideas and imagination in writing short stories. Students became trained to do story expansion, modification, and variation, or story conversion.

Keywords: creative writing, poetry texts transformation, self-efficacy, collaborative writing