Kesulitan siswa SMA dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika pada materi peluang

Annisa Fitri, Program Studi S2 Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Agus Maman Abadi, Jurusan Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Abstract


Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis kesulitan siswa SMA dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika pada materi peluang di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian survei dengan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Sampel penelitian sebanyak 284 siswa SMA kelas XI Program IPA di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, Indonesia, yang berasal dari sepuluh sekolah dengan kategori tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Sampel penelitian ditentukan menggunakan teknik stratified propotional random sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes yang telah divalidasi oleh ahli (expert judgement). Kesalahan siswa dijustifikasi berdasarkan Newman’s errors categories. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis kesulitan siswa dalam menyelesaikan soal matematika pada materi peluang yaitu kesulitan memahami masalah (comprehension errors) sebanyak 64,1%; kesulitan melakukan transformasi (transformations errors) sebanyak 71,1%; kesulitan keterampilan proses (processing skill errors) sebanyak 89,4%; dan kesulitan menarik kesimpulan (encoding errors) sebanyak 94%.

 

Abstract

This study aimed to describe the types of difficulties high school students in solving mathematics problems on probability material in Indragiri Hilir Regency. This study includes a survey with quantitative and qualitative approaches. The research sample was 284 eleventh-grade high school students in the science program on Indragiri Hilir Regency, Indonesia, from ten schools with high, medium, and low categories. The research sample was determined using a stratified proportional random sampling technique. The instrument used was a test that has been validated by an expert. Students’ errors were justified based on Newman’s errors categories. The results showed that the types of students’ difficulties in solving mathematics problems on the probability material, namely: difficulty in understanding the problem (comprehension errors) as many as 64.1%; difficulty in making transformations (transformation errors) as many as 71.1%; difficulty in process skill (processing skill errors) as many as 89.4%; and difficulty in concluding (encoding errors) as many as 94%.


Keywords


kesulitan siswa; Newman’s errors procedure; pembelajaran matematika; peluang; student's difficulties; probability

Full Text:

FULLTEXT PDF

References


Abdullah, A. H., Abidin, N. L. Z., & Ali, M. (2015). Analysis of students errors in solving higher order thinking skills (HOTS) problems for the topic of fraction. Asian Social Science, 11(21), 133–142. https://doi.org/10.5539/ass.v11n21p133

Blanco, L. J., & Garrote, M. (2017). Difficulties in learning inequalities in students of the first year of pre-university education in Spain. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics Science & Technology Education, 3(3), 221–229. https://doi.org/10.12973/ejmste/75401

Cooney, T. J., Davis, E. V., & Henderson, K. B. (1975). Dinamics of teaching secondary school mathematics. Houghton Mifflin.

Dundar, S., & Yaman, H. (2015). How do prospective teachers solve routine and non routine trigonometry problems? International Online Journal of Educational Sciences, 7(2), 41–57. https://doi.org/10.15345/IOJES.2015.02.010

Hansen, A., Drews, D., Dudgeon, J., Lawton, F., & Surtees, L. (2011). Children’s errors in mathematics (2nd ed.). Sage.

Kemendikbud. (2016). Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan nomor 23 tahun 2016 tentang standar penilaian. https://bsnp-indonesia.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/09/Permendikbud_Tahun2016_Nomor023.pdf

Krulik, S., & Rudnick, J.A. (1995). Reasoning and problem solving. Allyn and Bacon.

NCTM. (2000). Principles and standards for school mathematics. National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.

Novferma, N. (2016). Analisis kesulitan dan self-efficacy siswa SMP dalam pemecahan masalah matematika berbentuk soal cerita. Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Matematika, 3(1), 76–87. https://doi.org/10.21831/jrpm.v3i1.10403

Phonapichat, P., Wongwanich, S., & Sujiva, S. (2014). An analysing of elementary school students’difficulties in mathematical problem solving. Procedia Social and Beharioral Science, 116, 3169–3174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.01.728

Polya, G. (1973). How to solve it: A new aspect of mathematical method (2nd ed.). Princeton University Press.

Prakitipong, N., & Nakamura, S. (2006). Anaysis of mathematics performance of grade five students in Thailand using Newman procedure. Journal of International Cooperation in Education, 9(1), 111–122. https://doi.org/10.15027/34243

Reys, R., Lindquist, M., Lambdin, D. V., & Smith, N. L. (2014). Helping children learn mathematics. John Wiley & Sons.

Rumasoreng, M. I., & Sugiman, S. (2014). Analisis kesulitan matematika Siswa SMA/MA dalam menyelesaikan soal setara UN di Kabupaten Maluku Tengah. Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Matematika, 1(1), 22–34. https://doi.org/10.21831/jrpm.v1i1.2661

Singh, P., Rahman, A. A., Hoon, S. T. (2010). The Newman procedure for analyzing primary four pupils errors on written mathematical task: A Malaysian perspective. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 8, 264–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.12.036

Usman, M. A., & Hussaini, M. M. (2017). Analysis of students’ error in learning of trigonometry amon senior secondary school students in Zaria Metropolis, Nigeria. IOSR Journal of Mathematics, 13(2), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.9790/5728-1302040104

Wagiran, W. (2015). Metodologi penelitian pendidikan: Teori dan implementasi. Budi Utama.

Wasda, M. R. (2015). Analisis kesulitan menyelesaikan soal model UN matematika dan self-efficacy siswa SMA di Kabupaten Ngada [Master’s thesis, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta].

White, A. L. (2005). Active mathematics in classrooms finding out why children make mistakes and then doing something to help them. Journal of The Primary Association for Mathematics, 15, 15–19.

Wijaya, A., Heuvel-Panhuizen, M., Doorman, M., & Robitzsch, A. (2014). Difficulties in solving context-based PISA mathematics tasks: An analysis of students’ errors. The Mathematics Enthusias, 11(3), 555–584.

Yazgan, Y. (2015). Sixth graders and non-routine problems: Which strategies are decivise for success?. Educational Research and Reviews, 10(13), 1807–1816. https://doi.org/10.5897/ERR2015.2230

Zakaria, E. (2010). Analysis of student’s error in learning of quadratic equations. International Education Studies, 3(3), 105–110. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1065893.pdf




DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/jrpm.v8i1.17004

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2021 Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Matematika

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Matematika indexed by:

 

  


Creative Commons License
Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Matematika by http://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/jrpm/index is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

All rights reserved. p-ISSN 2356-2684 | e-ISSN 2477-1503

View My Stats