PEMAHAMAN KOMPETENSI PARENTING TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN SOSIAL ANAK (STUDI KASUS PADA KELOMPOK BERMAIN DI PAKEM, SLEMAN)

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami kompetensi parenting orangtua, kendala dalam pengasuhan, dan strategi yang dilakukan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian orangtua peserta didik pada lembaga kelompok bermain di Kecamatan Pakem. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Kompetensi parenting orangtua pada bentuk keluarga: (a) Nuclear family: orangtua cenderung mengikuti kemauan anak dan melarang anak bermain di luar rumah, karena orangtua berada di rumah. (b) Extended family: kecenderungan adanya perbedaan pola asuh orangtua dengan anggota keluarga lain. (c) Diverse family: kecenderungan orangtua memenuhi kebutuhan anak dengan bekerja sehari penuh, sehingga kurang waktu bersama anak. Kendala yang dihadapi orangtua di antaranya, orangtua yang bekerja dan mendelegasikan pengasuhan kepada kakek atau nenek, saudara yang lain, maupun kepada pengasuh. Strategi yang dilakukan orangtua adalah dengan melakukan pengaturan waktu dan melakukan pembatasan pergaulan anak dengan lingkungan, apabila dirasakan lingkungan tidak memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap perkembangan sosial anak.

Kata kunci: kompetensi parenting, perkembangan sosial anak

THE UNDERSTANDING OF THE PARENTING COMPETENCY ON THE SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN (CASE STUDY ON PLAYGROUPS IN PAKEM, SLEMAN)

Abstract

This study aims to investigate parenting competency of parents, parents’ constraints in parenting, and strategies undertaken. This was a qualitative study with subjects were parents of students. The data were collected through observations, interviews, and documentation. Parents’ parenting competency, among others, the following: (a) Nuclear families: parents tend to follow the will of the child and tendency parents forbid children to play outside the house, because the parent is at home. (b) Extended familes: the difference in parenting from parents and other family members. (c) Diverse families: parents’ tendency to meet the needs of children with working of full day, so less time with children. Constraints faced by parent’s include the fact that they work so that they delegate it to grandfather or grandmother, other relatives, or babysitters. Parent’s strategies are that they manage time as effectively as possible and manage restriction of children’s socialization with the environment are made when parents think that the environment cannot give positive contributions to children’s social development.

Keywords: parenting competency, children’s social development