Mediatisasi kearifan lokal Sunda dalam film Ambu
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan wujud, makna, dan fungsi kearifan lokal dalam film Ambu (2019). Film tersebut merupakan film pertama di Indonesia yang berhasil membuat film tentang suku Baduy. Kanekes atau Baduy dikenal sebagai suku yang masih mempertahankan budaya Sunda dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan analisis Hermeneutika Ricoeur. Unit analisis yang dikaji adalah aspek verbal maupun visual film. Terdapat empat hasil penelitian yang didasarkan atas tipologi kearifan lokal sebagai berikut. Pertama, dimensi pengetahuan lokal diwujudkan melalui upacara penyucian. Kedua, dimensi keterampilan lokal meliputi aktivitas menumbuk maupun memasok olahan pangan (leuit-leuit). Ketiga, dimensi sumber daya lokal diperlihatkan dengan kedudukan wewengkon atau aspek ekosentrisme maupun biosentrisme daerah Baduy. Keempat, dimensi solidaritas dan kepemimpinan kultural diproyeksikan melalui kepemimpinan ketua adat dan gotong-rotong masyarakat. Kelima, dimensi tatakrama terdiri atas wilayah personal dan sosial yang direpresentasikan oleh 5W (wiwaha, wibawa, wirasa, wirahma, dan wiraga) yang dalam konteks pendidikan karakter relevan dengan konsep moral knowing, moral feeling, dan moral action.
Kata kunci: kearifan lokal, sunda, film ambu, lokalitas, pendidikan karakter
Abstract
This study aims to describe the form, meaning, and function of local wisdom in the film Ambu (2019). This film is the first cinema in Indonesia which has made a film about the Baduy tribe. Kanekes or Baduy are a tribe that still maintains a Sundanese culture in their daily lives. This study uses a qualitative method with Ricoeur's Hermeneutic analysis approach. The unit of analysis studied is the verbal and visual aspects of the film. There are four research results based on the typology of local wisdom as follows. First, the dimension of local knowledge is realized through a purification ceremony. Second, local skills include the process and supplying processed food (leuit-leuit). Third, the dimension of local resources is shown by the position of wewengkon or the ecocentrism and biocentrism aspects of the Baduy area. Fourth, the dimensions of solidarity and cultural leadership are projected through the administration of traditional leaders and community mutual assistance. Fifth, the dimensions of etiquette consist of personal and social areas represented by 5W (wiwaha, wibawa, wirasa, wirahma, and wiraga), which in the context of character education are relevant to the concepts of moral knowing, moral feeling, and moral action.
Keywords: Local Wisdom, Sundanese, Ambu Film, Locality, Character Education
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.21831/ltr.v21i3.52145
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